Unifying the temperature dependent dynamics of glass formers.

Strong changes in bulk properties, such as modulus and viscosity, are observed near the glass transition temperature, Tg, of amorphous materials. For more than a century, intense efforts have been made to define a microscopic origin for these macroscopic changes in properties. Using transition state theory (TST), we delve into the atomic/molecular level picture of how microscopic localized unit relaxations, or "cage rattles," evolve to macroscopic structural relaxations above Tg.

Case Series of Orbital Lymphoma: Cardinal Presentations.

Periorbital lymphomas may present with nonspecific symptoms and may disguise as other ocular conditions, which may result in a missed diagnosis. The purpose of his case series is to add to the existing literature and raise awareness of this rare and lethal cancer so early detection and treatment can be instituted. A retrospective review of four diverse cases of periorbital lymphoma is described, highlighting the important role of plastic surgeons in early recognition and prompt diagnosis through extensive examination, imaging studies, and biopsies.

One-shot skill assessment in high-stakes domains with limited data via meta learning.

Deep Learning (DL) has achieved robust competency assessment in various high-stakes fields. However, the applicability of DL models is often hampered by their substantial data requirements and confinement to specific training domains. This prevents them from transitioning to new tasks where data is scarce.

Relative Strength of Polycation Adsorption on Oxide Surfaces.

Polyelectrolyte adsorption onto surfaces is widely employed in water treatment and mining. However, little is known of the relative interaction strengths between surfaces and polymer. This fundamental property is assumed to be dominated by electrostatics, i.

Complications of Medical Tourism in Aesthetic Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: As medical cost continues to rise, so has the use of medical tourism by patients as a more cost-effective alternative. While the upfront cost savings attract many unsuspecting patients from their country of origin, there are significant patient safety issues surrounding short- and long-term follow-up, as well as the management and cost of complications.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses on complications that presented after cosmetic surgeries performed abroad.

Simultaneous Bilateral Quadriceps Tendon Rupture Secondary to Parathyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Simultaneous bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures are a rare occurrence commonly associated with a traumatic event or systemic disease. A 31-year-old man presented with simultaneous bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures with associated hyperparathyroidism secondary to parathyroid carcinoma. The injury occurred after the patient attempted to lift a small wooden log from the ground.

Inorganic Nanoparticles Embedded in Polydimethylsiloxane Nanodroplets.

To stabilize and transport them through complex systems, nanoparticles are often encapsulated in polymeric nanocarriers, which are tailored to specific environments. For example, a hydrophilic polymer capsule maintains the circulation and stability of nanoparticles in aqueous environments. A more highly designed nanocarrier might have a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell to allow the transport of hydrophobic nanoparticles and pharmaceuticals through physiological media.

Antifouling Coatings from Glassy Polyelectrolyte Complex Films.

Coatings that prevent or decrease fouling are sought for many applications, including those that inhibit the attachment of organisms in aquatic environments. To date, antifouling coatings have mostly followed design criteria assembled over decades: surfaces should be well/strongly hydrated, possess low net charge, and maintain a hydrophilic character when exposed to the location of use. Thus, polymers based on ethylene glycol or zwitterionic repeat units have been shown to be highly effective.

Bulk Biopolyelectrolyte Complexes from Homopolypeptides: Solid "Salt Bridges".

Salt bridges, pairings between oppositely charged amino acids, are dispersed throughout proteins to assist folding and interactions. Biopolyelectrolyte complexes (BioPECs) were made between the homopolypeptides poly-l-arginine (PLR) and poly-l-lysine (PLK) with sodium triphosphate (STPP), as well as from polypeptide-only combinations. Viscoelastic measurements on these high salt bridge density materials showed many were solid, even glassy, in nature.

Polyelectrolyte Complexes as Desiccants: Thirsty Saloplastics.

Desiccants or drying agents are used extensively to remove water from liquids and gases. Many organic reactions, from the laboratory to the industrial scale, are sensitive to even trace amounts of water. A new class of desiccants made from complexed polyelectrolytes, PECs, is described here, exploiting the affinity of charged polymer repeat units for water.

Bilateral Ischial Tuberosity Stress Fractures in an Adolescent Football Player: A Case Report.

Pelvic stress fractures are rare, making up an estimated 1% to 7% of all stress fractures with the primary locations being the pubic rami, pubic symphysis, and sacrum. Two cases of stress fractures of the ischium have been previously described in the literature, with both occurring in the ischial body. In this case, a 17-year-old high school American football player presented with nonspecific pelvic pain and bilateral point tenderness on deep palpation of the ischial tuberosities.

Autoimmunity as a sequela to obesity and systemic inflammation.

The rising prevalence of obesity presents a world-wide challenge as it is associated with numerous comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and hypertension. Obesity-associated illnesses are estimated to cause nearly 4 million deaths globally per year, therefore there is a critical need to better understand associated pathogenesis, identify new therapeutic targets, and develop new interventions. Emerging data identify a key role for chronic inflammation in mediating obesity related disease states and reveal higher incidence of autoimmune disease development.

Dynamic chromosomal interactions and control of heterochromatin positioning by Ki-67.

Ki-67 is a chromatin-associated protein with a dynamic distribution pattern throughout the cell cycle and is thought to be involved in chromatin organization. The lack of genomic interaction maps has hampered a detailed understanding of its roles, particularly during interphase. By pA-DamID mapping in human cell lines, we find that Ki-67 associates with large genomic domains that overlap mostly with late-replicating regions.

COVID-19's impact on older adults' cycling behaviors in a small, auto-centric urban area.

Research has shown an increase in cycling during COVID-19. This study builds on previous work by exploring COVID's impact on older cyclists (65+) residing in a small, auto-centric urban area. A survey (n = 198) demonstrated that, on average, cycling frequency decreased and average distance/trip increased.

Gummy Nanoparticles with Glassy Shells in Electrostatic Nanocomposites.

Nanocomposites with unusual and superior properties often contain well-dispersed nanoparticles. Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS, offers a fluidlike or rubbery (when cross-linked) response, which complements the high-modulus nature of inorganic nanofillers. Systems using PDMS as the nanoparticulate, rather than the continuous, phase are rare because it is difficult to make PDMS nanoparticles.

What are oxytocin assays measuring? Epitope mapping, metabolites, and comparisons of wildtype & knockout mouse urine.

Oxytocin has become a popular analyte in behavioral endocrinology in recent years, due in part to its roles in social behavior, stress physiology, and cognition. Urine samples have the advantage of being non-invasive and minimally disruptive to collect, allowing for oxytocin measurements even in some wild populations. However, methods for urinary oxytocin immunoassay have not been sufficiently optimized and rigorously assessed for their potential limitations.

Modulating the Excitability of Olfactory Output Neurons Affects Whole-Body Metabolism.

Metabolic state can alter olfactory sensitivity, but it is unknown whether the activity of the olfactory bulb (OB) may fine tune metabolic homeostasis. Our objective was to use CRISPR gene editing in male and female mice to enhance the excitability of mitral/tufted projection neurons (M/TCs) of the OB to test for improved metabolic health. slice recordings of MCs in CRISPR mice confirmed increased excitability due the targeted loss of Kv1.

On 'The content of troponin, tropomyosin, actin, and myosin in rabbit skeletal muscle myofibrils' by James D. Potter.

After the discovery of troponin by Ebashi almost sixty years ago the field of striated muscle regulation has made significant progress. In the 1970's the nascent troponin field gained momentum, including contributions by James D. Potter who established the stoichiometry of contractile proteins in the myofibril (Arch Biochem Biophys.

Altered PVN-to-CA2 hippocampal oxytocin pathway and reduced number of oxytocin-receptor expressing astrocytes in heart failure rats.

Oxytocinergic actions within the hippocampal CA2 are important for neuromodulation, memory processing and social recognition. However, the source of the OTergic innervation, the cellular targets expressing the OT receptors (OTRs) and whether the PVN-to-CA2 OTergic system is altered during heart failure (HF), a condition recently associated with cognitive and mood decline, remains unknown. Using immunohistochemistry along with retrograde monosynaptic tracing, RNAscope and a novel OTR-Cre rat line, we show that the PVN (but not the supraoptic nucleus) is an important source of OTergic innervation to the CA2.

The Mediating Role of Cardiometabolic Dysregulation on the Relation Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adult Cognition.

Objective: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are uncontrollable stressful events during early life that predispose adults to adverse health outcomes, such as impaired cognitive functioning. However, little is known about the factors indirectly impacting this relation. Biological dysregulation may be one pathway that can help explain the relations between ACEs and later cognition.