Influence of the Enterovirus 71 Vaccine and the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in China Based on Counterfactual Models: Observational Study.

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious viral illness. Understanding the long-term trends of HFMD incidence and its epidemic characteristics under the circumstances of the enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccination program and the outbreak of COVID-19 is crucial for effective disease surveillance and control.

Objective: We aim to give an overview of the trends of HFMD over the past decades and evaluate the impact of the EV71 vaccination program and the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemic trends of HFMD.

Construction and validation of a predictive model for the risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients over 65 years of age with malignant tumours: a single-centre retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Nutritional status is a critical indicator of overall health in individuals suffering from malignant tumours, reflecting the complex interplay of various contributing factors. This research focused on identifying and analysing the factors influencing malnutrition among older patients aged ≥65 with malignant tumours and aimed to develop a comprehensive risk model for predicting malnutrition.

Methods: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 3,387 older inpatients aged ≥65 years with malignant tumours collected at our hospital from July 1, 2021, to December 31, 2023.

Altered Immune Cell Profiles in the Follicular Fluid of Patients with Poor Ovarian Response According to the POSEIDON Criteria.

Objective: This study aims to investigate alterations in immune cell counts within preovulatory follicles of patients with poor ovarian response (POR) during assisted reproductive technology (ART), classified according to the POSEIDON criteria.

Methods: This single-centre cross-sectional study included 543 women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment, selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria: 292 with normal ovarian response and 251 with poor response. Follicular fluid (FF) was collected on the day of oocyte retrieval and analysed by flow cytometry to determine the proportions of macrophages (Mφs), M1 and M2 Mφs, T cells (CD4 and CD8 T cells), dendritic cells (DCs), including type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) and type 2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2), and neutrophils.

Investigating the Associations Between COVID-19, Long COVID, and Sleep Disturbances: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: COVID-19 has not only resulted in acute health issues but also led to persistent symptoms known as long COVID, which have been linked to disruptions in sleep quality.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the associations between COVID-19, long COVID, and sleep disturbances, focusing on demographic, socioeconomic, and psychological factors among a Chinese population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1062 participants from China.

Next-generation variant exon screening: Moving forward in routine genetic disease investigations.

Purpose: Patients with genetic diseases often seek testing to reach a firm diagnosis. Based on clinical phenotypes, exome sequencing for small-nucleotide variations or array-based methods for copy-number variations (CNVs) are commonly offered to identify the underlying causative genetic variants. In this study, we investigated whether data from a standard ES test could be used to additionally identify pathogenic CNVs and increase diagnostic yield.

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

Shared and disorder-specific large-scale intrinsic and effective functional network connectivities in postpartum depression with and without anxiety.

Postpartum depression and postpartum depression with anxiety, which are highly prevalent and debilitating disorders, become a growing public concern. The high overlap on the symptomatic and neurobiological levels led to ongoing debates about their diagnostic and neurobiological uniqueness. Delineating the shared and disorder-specific intrinsic functional connectivities and their causal interactions is fundamental to precision diagnosis and treatment.

Inhibition of DNA Methyltransferase DNMT1 Reverses Th2 Response Polarisation and Alleviates Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: Type 2 T helper (Th2) cells-mediated immune response plays vital roles in allergic rhinitis (AR), and DNA methylation is previously found to be closely related to AR development.

Aims: Our study aims to reveal the detail mechanism of DNA methylation affecting Th2 response in AR.

Methods: Mice were stimulated with ovalbumin (OVA) to induce AR symptoms, and CD4 T cells were subjected to Th2 induction culture.

The novel cathelicidin-DM antimicrobial peptide conjugated carbomer and thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel speeds up wound-healing in both non-infected and S. aureus-infected wounds.

The emergence of chronic wound infections and bacterial resistance presents substantial clinical challenges that impact millions worldwide. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), recognized for their potent antimicrobial properties, are considered promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics in light of escalating drug resistance. In previous research, we isolated an AMP named cathelicidin-DM from Duttaphrynus melanostictus, which exhibited broad-spectrum efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria and demonstrated wound-healing capabilities.

BEEx Is an Open-Source Tool That Evaluates Batch Effects in Medical Images to Enable Multicenter Studies.

The batch effect is a nonbiological variation that arises from technical differences across different batches of data during the data generation process for acquisition-related reasons, such as collection of images at different sites or using different scanners. This phenomenon can affect the robustness and generalizability of computational pathology- or radiology-based cancer diagnostic models, especially in multicenter studies. To address this issue, we developed an open-source platform, Batch Effect Explorer (BEEx), that is designed to qualitatively and quantitatively determine whether batch effects exist among medical image datasets from different sites.

The correlation between Diabetes and age-related degeneration and the static and dynamic 3D mechanical distribution of different plantar regions.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the distribution of plantar pressure and anterior-posterior (AP) or medial-lateral (ML) shear forces in healthy younger (HY) people, healthy older (HO) people, and diabetic patients, both in static standing and during gait.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 HY adults, 16 HO adults and 15 diabetic patients were included. The static mechanical distribution measurements included: static horizontal, AP slope plane, and left/right slope standing.

Expert consensus on the off-label use in China of drugs for rare hematologic diseases (2024 edition).

Drug package inserts are a crucial foundation for clinical medication practices and serve as the legal basis for guiding rational drug use and ensuring patient safety and efficacy. As rare disease treatments evolve, current package inserts often need to meet the clinical requirements for treating such conditions, frequently resulting in off-label drug use. This consensus is derived from discussions between Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association Hematologic Rare Diseases Group experts.

Clinical efficacy and biomechanical analysis of a novel hollow pedicle screw combined with kyphoplasty for the treatment of Kümmell disease.

Background: Vertebral augmentation is the preferred treatment for Kümmell disease (KD), but there exists a risk of cement displacement resulting in severe back pain and exacerbation of kyphosis. The study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a novel hollow pedicle screw combined with kyphoplasty (HPS-KP) for treating KD, effectively preventing postoperative bone cement displacement.

Methods: The prospective study included 50 KD patients with no neurological deficit detected during clinical and radiological evaluation who underwent HPS-KP ( = 25) and PKP ( = 25) surgeries.

CT and MRI bimodal radiomics for predicting EGFR status in NSCLC patients with brain metastases: A multicenter study.

Background: Leveraging the radiomics information from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) primary lesion and brain metastasis (BM) to develop and validate a bimodal radiomics nomogram that can accurately predict epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status.

Methods: A total of 309 NSCLC patients with BM from three independent centers were recruited. Among them, the patients of Center I were randomly allocated into the training and internal test cohorts in a 7:3 ratio.

Microbiome and metabolomics reveal the effect of gut microbiota on liver regeneration of fatty liver disease.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is associated with impaired regenerative capacity and poor postoperative prognosis following hepatectomy. Previous research has highlighted the importance of the gut-liver axis in the physiological and pathological processes of the liver. However, the contribution of gut bacteria to the regeneration of livers with MAFLD and its metabolic regulatory mechanisms remain elusive.

Characterization of Spirobisnaphthalenes from an Endophytic Fungus sp. Associated with and Insights into Their Biological Activity.

Fungal secondary metabolites have been increasingly sought after as an alternative strategy to herbicides and a source of new medicines. Twenty spirobisnaphthalenes (SBNs) were isolated from the fermentation broth of sp. YUD20003 from the herb (L.