Early Postnatal Exposure to Midazolam Causes Lasting Histological and Neurobehavioral Deficits via Activation of the mTOR Pathway.

Exposure to general anesthetics can adversely affect brain development, but there is little study of sedative agents used in intensive care that act via similar pharmacologic mechanisms. Using quantitative immunohistochemistry and neurobehavioral testing and an established protocol for murine sedation, we tested the hypothesis that lengthy, repetitive exposure to midazolam, a commonly used sedative in pediatric intensive care, interferes with neuronal development and subsequent cognitive function via actions on the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. We found that mice in the midazolam sedation group exhibited a chronic, significant increase in the expression of mTOR activity pathway markers in comparison to controls.

Natural compound Alternol actives multiple endoplasmic reticulum stress-responding pathways contributing to cell death.

Alternol is a small molecular compound isolated from the fermentation of a mutant fungus obtained from Taxus brevifolia bark. Our previous studies showed that Alternol treatment induced reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent immunogenic cell death. This study conducted a comprehensive investigation to explore the mechanisms involved in Alternol-induced immunogenic cell death.

Amino acid transporter SLC7A5 regulates cell proliferation and secretary cell differentiation and distribution in the mouse intestine.

The intestine is critical for not only processing nutrients but also protecting the organism from the environment. These functions are mainly carried out by the epithelium, which is constantly being self-renewed. Many genes and pathways can influence intestinal epithelial cell proliferation.

Sirt1 alleviates osteoarthritis via promoting FoxO1 nucleo-cytoplasm shuttling to facilitate autophagy.

This study aims to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of Sirt1 in the pathophysiological process of OA. Safranine O and HE staining were utilized to identify pathological changes in the cartilage tissue. Immunohistochemistry was employed to evaluate the expression levels of proteins.

Aberrant expression of multiple glycolytic enzyme genes is significantly associated with disease progression and survival outcomes in prostate cancers.

Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death after lung cancer in men. Recent studies showed that aberrant metabolic pathways are involved in prostate cancer development and progression. In this study, we performed a systemic analysis of glycolytic enzyme gene expression using the TCGA-PRAD RNAseq dataset.

CYP4B1 polymorphisms and the risk of breast cancer in Chinese women: a case-control study.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the malignant diseases threatening the life and health of women worldwide. The CYP4B1 gene was abnormally expressed in BC and was associated with the prognosis of BC patients. This study aimed to explore the relationship between CYP4B1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and BC risk in Chinese women.

[Recent progress in vestibular prosthesis].

Bilateral vestibulopathy（BVP） is one of the common diseases in the vestibular nervous system, with an incidence rate of about 4%-7% in the population, which can lead to a variety of body dysfunctions. At present, there are two main treatment methods for BVP. One is vestibular rehabilitation.

Impact of MIR31HG polymorphisms on risk of breast cancer in Chinese women.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This study explored the relationship between the MIR31HG gene polymorphisms and the risk of BC in Chinese women.

Methods: Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MIR31HG were genotyped among 545 patients with BC and 530 healthy controls using Agena MassARRAY analysis.

Thyroid hormone receptor knockout prevents the loss of Xenopus tail regeneration capacity at metamorphic climax.

Background: Animal regeneration is the natural process of replacing or restoring damaged or missing cells, tissues, organs, and even entire body to full function. Studies in mammals have revealed that many organs lose regenerative ability soon after birth when thyroid hormone (T3) level is high. This suggests that T3 play an important role in organ regeneration.

Transcriptional and Immune Landscape of Cardiac Sarcoidosis.

Background: Cardiac involvement is an important determinant of mortality among sarcoidosis patients. Although granulomatous inflammation is a hallmark finding in cardiac sarcoidosis, the precise immune cell populations that comprise the granuloma remain unresolved. Furthermore, it is unclear how the cellular and transcriptomic landscape of cardiac sarcoidosis differs from other inflammatory heart diseases.

The Prevalence of Neurological Complication after Renal Transplantation.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of neurological complications (NCs) after renal transplantation by meta-analysis.

Methods: A broad literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane-Library was performed from inception to December 31, 2021, to collect published studies on the incidence of NCs after kidney transplantation. The R language meta-package was used to organize and analyze the data.

[Significance of rapid axial roll test in determining the responsible semicircular canal for horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo].

To compare the diagnostic performance of the rapid axial roll test（RART） and the traditional roll test（SRT）in determining the responsible semicircular canal for horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo（HC-BPPV）. A total of 400 patients diagnosed with HC-BPPV from January 2020 to December 2020 were collected and randomly divided into two groups. Among them, there were 202 cases in the RART group and 198 cases in the SRT group.

Sevoflurane preconditioning promotes mesenchymal stem cells to relieve myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via TRPC6-induced angiogenesis.

Background: Ischemic heart diseases is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although revascularization timely is an effective therapeutic intervention to salvage the ischemic myocardium, reperfusion itself causes additional myocardial injury called ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is one of the promising cells to alleviate ischemic myocardial injury.

A Phase 2 Study of Camrelizumab for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Two-Year Outcomes and Continued Treatment beyond First RECIST-Defined Progression.

Introduction: In a multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, randomized, phase 2 study for pretreated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), camrelizumab showed potent antitumor activity and acceptable safety profile. The aim of this report was to provide long-term data and evaluate potential benefit of treatment with camrelizumab beyond progression.

Methods: From November 15, 2016, to November 16, 2017, 217 patients received camrelizumab 3 mg/kg intravenously every 2 or 3 weeks.

Hearing Loss in Id1; Id3 and Id1; Id3 Mice Is Associated With a High Incidence of Middle Ear Infection (Otitis Media).

Inhibitors of differentiation/DNA binding (Id) proteins are crucial for inner ear development, but whether Id mutations affect middle ear function remains unknown. In this study, we obtained Id1; Id3 mice and Id1; Id3 mice and carefully examined their middle ear morphology and auditory function. Our study revealed a high incidence (>50%) of middle ear infection in the compound mutant mice.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 regulates cell proliferation and differentiation in adult mouse adult intestine.

Background: Adult stem cells play an essential role in adult organ physiology and tissue repair and regeneration. While much has been learnt about the property and function of various adult stem cells, the mechanisms of their development remain poorly understood in mammals. Earlier studies suggest that the formation of adult mouse intestinal stem cells takes place during the first few weeks after birth, the postembryonic period when plasma thyroid hormone (T3) levels are high.

Predictive value of T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the prognosis of patients with mass-type breast cancer with peritumoral edema.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of edema surrounding breast cancer masses in the prognostic prediction of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-weighted fat suppression sequence. For this purpose, 80 patients with mass-type breast cancer underwent conventional plain breast MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI or diffusion-weighted MRI scan. The associations between edema around the mass on MRI T2 fat suppression sequence plain scan and tumor stage, pathological findings, immunohistochemical findings and axillary lymph node metastasis were analyzed.

Cav 1.3 damages the osteogenic differentiation in osteoporotic rats by negatively regulating Spred 2-mediated autophagy-induced cell senescence.

Cav 1.3 can affect the classical osteoclast differentiation pathway through calcium signalling pathway. Here, we performed cell transfection, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR), flow cytometry, SA-β-Gal staining, Alizarin Red S staining, ALP activity test, immunofluorescence, Western blot and cell viability assay to analyse cell viability, cell cycle, osteogenesis differentiation and autophagy activities in vitro.

A Role of Endogenous Histone Acetyltransferase Steroid Hormone Receptor Coactivator 3 in Thyroid Hormone Signaling During Intestinal Metamorphosis.

Thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine [T3]) plays an important role in regulating vertebrate developmental, cellular, and metabolic processes via T3 receptor (TR). Liganded TR recruit coactivator complexes that include steroid receptor coactivators (SRC1, SRC2 or SRC3), which are histone acetyltransferases, to T3-responsive promoters. The functions of endogenous coactivators during T3-dependent mammalian adult organ development remain largely unclear, in part, due to the difficulty to access and manipulate late-stage embryos and neonates.

Impact of NR5A2 and RYR2 3'UTR polymorphisms on the risk of breast cancer in a Chinese Han population.

Objectives: The NR5A2 and RYR2 genes are important players in steroid metabolism and play an important role in cancer research. In this research, we want to evaluate the effect of NR5A2 and RYR2 polymorphisms on breast cancer (BC).

Methods: Four single nucleotide polymorphisms on NR5A2 and RYR2 were selected to genotype by Agena MassARRAY in 379 BC patients and 407 healthy controls.

Epigenetic regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis through Sirt1/P53/P21 pathway in surgery-induced osteoarthritis.

Sirt1 involved in cellular aging and aging-related diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). Our previous study showed Sirt1 played a role in the pathogenesis of OA, however, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly elicited. In this study, we investigated the role of Sirt1 in epigenetically regulating P53/P21 pathway in a Sirt1 loss model.

Intestinal homeostasis: a communication between life and death.

Organ homeostasis is essential for organ physiology and disease prevention. In adult vertebrates, the intestinal epithelium is maintained through constant cell proliferation in the crypt and apoptosis of differentiated epithelial cells, mainly at the tip of the villus. Based on studies with altered cell proliferation and tissue damage in the adult mouse intestine, we hypothesize that there is a communication between cell proliferation in the crypt and cell death on the villus, likely via cell-cell and cell-ECM (extracellular matrix) interactions, to coordinate the rate of cell proliferation and death, thus ensuring epithelial homeostasis.

Reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with camrelizumab: data derived from a multicenter phase 2 trial.

Background: Association of immune-related adverse events with tumor response has been reported. Reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP) is the most common adverse event related to camrelizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, but lack of comprehensive analyses. In this study, we conducted comprehensive analyses on RCCEP in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with camrelizumab monotherapy.

Camrelizumab in patients with previously treated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, randomised, phase 2 trial.

Background: Blocking the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands is a promising treatment strategy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to assess the antitumour activity and safety of the anti-PD-1 inhibitor camrelizumab in pretreated patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: This is a multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, randomised, phase 2 trial done at 13 study sites in China.