Clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with quantitative analysis in Bosniak ≥ II cystic renal masses.

Objective: The 2019 Bosniak classification has improved the precise and detailed quantitative evaluation criteria, making the diagnosis of cystic renal masses (CRMs) more accurate and objective. This study addresses the clinical value of quantitative analysis and aims to investigate the feasibility of combining contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with quantitative analysis for diagnosing Bosniak ≥ II CRMs.

Methods: We retrospectively obtained 58 CRMs with confirmed pathology, which underwent CEUS and Contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CECT) evaluations according to Bosniak classification between January 2013 and August 2024.

Inhibition of Pyroptosis by Hydroxychloroquine as a Neuroprotective Strategy in Ischemic Stroke.

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a well-known antimalarial and anti-inflammatory drug, has demonstrated potential neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke by inhibiting pyroptosis, a programmed cell death associated with inflammation. This study investigates the impact of HCQ on ischemic stroke pathology using both in vivo and in vitro models. In vivo, C57BL/6 mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were treated with HCQ.

Empagliflozin promotes skin flap survival by activating AMPK signaling pathway.

Flaps are widely used in surgical wound repair, yet distal necrosis poses a significant postoperative challenge, stemming from potential factors such as inadequate blood perfusion, inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, mitochondrial impairment, and subsequent ferroptosis. Empagliflozin (EMPA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, has pharmacological activities that promote angiogenesis, mitophagy, and inhibit inflammation, I/R injury, and ferroptosis. However, it is unclear whether EMPA can enhance flap survival.

Machine learning reveals CAT gene as a novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents one of the most prevalent forms of lung cancer, with a five-year survival rate of 21.7%. There is an urgent need to identify pertinent biomarkers to inform the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors, particularly those that can be applied to different age groups.

The TabNet Model for Diagnosing Axial Spondyloarthritis Using MRI Imaging Findings and Clinical Risk Factors.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to develop and validate a model for predicting axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) based on sacroiliac joint (SIJ)-MRI imaging findings and clinical risk factors.

Methods: The study is implemented on the data of 942 patients which contains of 707 patients with axSpA and 235 patients with non-axSpA. To begin with, the patients were split into training (n = 753) and validation (n = 189) cohorts.

Characteristics, outcomes and the necessity of continued guideline-directed medical therapy in patients with heart failure with improved ejection fraction.

Background: Much remains to be learned about patients with heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF).

Objective: This study sheds light on the characteristics and clinical outcomes of HFimpEF patients, including the consequences of halting guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients diagnosed with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) who underwent a second echocardiogram at least 6 months apart between January 2009 and February 2023.

Prognostic factors and surgical approaches in the analysis of primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a large population-based cohort study and external validation.

Introduction: This study aims to investigate prognostic indicators and assess surgical interventions' impact on Primary central nervous system lymphoma-diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNS-DLBCL) patients.

Methods: A comprehensive examination was performed on a group of 3,962 cases in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, as well as 27 cases of PCNS-DLBCL from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The application of both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses facilitated the identification of significant risk factors associated with PCNS-DLBCL.

Analyzing the Effect of Resveratrol on Pharmacokinetics of Antituberculosis Drug Bedaquiline in Rats by a Novel UPLC-MS/MS Approach.

Bedaquiline (BDQ), a diarylquinoline compound, is an inhibitor of mycobacterial ATP synthase, specifically with FDA approval as a treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). M2 is the main metabolite of BDQ and is active against tuberculosis. The objective of this study was to establish and validate a sensitive and convenient ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) approach to concurrently quantify BDQ and M2 in rat plasma and to examine whether resveratrol, a CYP3A4 inhibitor, could influence the pharmacokinetics of BDQ and M2 in rats.

ALOX15-Driven Ferroptosis: The key target in Dihydrotanshinone I's epigenetic Battle in hepatic stellate cells against liver fibrosis.

Background: It is known that ferroptosis promotes hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) inactivation. Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase (ALOX15), a ferroptosis driver gene, participates in disease progression.

Purpose: Dihydrotanshinone I (DHI), an active compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza, effectively regulates HSC inactivation.

Sulforaphane regulation autophagy-mediated pyroptosis in autoimmune hepatitis via AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a liver disease marked by inflammation of unknown origin. If untreated, it can progress to cirrhosis or liver failure, posing a significant health risk. Currently, effective drug therapies are lacking in clinical practice.

Rough hypervolume-driven feature selection with groupwise intelligent sampling for detecting clinical characterization of lupus nephritis.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease. Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality in SLE. Proliferative and pure membranous LN have different prognoses and may require different treatments.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Valvular Heart Disease, 1990 to 2021.

Background: Valvular heart disease poses an escalating global health challenge with an increasing impact on mortality and disability. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the global burden of valvular heart disease.

Methods And Results: Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 data, we analyzed the prevalence and disability-adjusted life years, examining implications across demographics and geographic regions.

Atrial and ventricular functional mitral regurgitation: prevalence, characteristics, outcomes, and disease progression.

Aims: Limited data exist on the natural history of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR), including atrial (AFMR), ventricular (VFMR), and dual FMR. This study examined the prevalence, characteristics, outcomes, and progression of these FMR subtypes.

Methods And Results: Consecutive patients with ≥mild to moderate FMR were included and classified as AFMR, VFMR, or dual FMR.

Case report: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis patient presented with a mass in the aortic root.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects small- and medium-sized blood vessels in the body, representing a rare entity. Cardiac involvement was identified as an independent risk factor for death in GPA patients, yet it has not been systematically elucidated in previous literature. Cardiac lesions in patients with GPA can manifest in various ways, such as pericarditis, myocarditis, coronary vasculitis, valvular abnormalities, conduction system abnormalities, and heart failure.

Trajectories of adherence to intravenous biological treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a longitudinal analysis.

Background: Long-term biological therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include infliximab and vedolizumab, which are administered intravenously. Although highly effective, non-adherence to these biologics is common and is associated with adverse sequelae and loss of response.

Objective: In this study, we aim to characterize long-term intravenous biologic adherence trajectories among IBD patients and identify the factors linked with these trajectories.

Association between platelet-to-red cell distribution width ratio and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between platelet-to-red cell distribution width ratio (PRR) and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage (NCH).

Methods: The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database was used to identify patients with NCH who needed to be admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). The outcomes of the study included both ICU and in-hospital mortality.

Comparative analysis of six nutritional scores in predicting prognosis of COVID-19 patients.

Background: Identifying nutritional risk in COVID-19 patients poses a challenge due to the unique qualities of every nutritional screening instrument. The objective was to assess the efficacy of six nutritional scores, including the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) score, the NUTRIC (nutrition risk in the critically ill) score, the modified NUTRIC score, the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, TCB index (TCBI), predicting prognosis of COVID-19 patients.

Methods: Clinical data were collected from COVID-19 patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between December 2022 and February 2023.

L3-SMI as a predictor of overall survival in oesophageal cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy.

Background: Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1), as an immunotherapy target, has been increasingly used in tumour therapies. But as reactions and outcomes to PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy vary individually, it is primarily important to identify an ideal indicator for predicting the therapeutic effectiveness in individual patients. Oesophageal cancer (EC) patients often have difficulty eating due to tumour blockage of the oesophagus, leading to malnutrition and muscle loss.

Dynamic Covalent Prodrug Nanonetworks via Reaction-Induced Self-Assembly for Periodontitis Treatment.

Periodontitis is characterized by dysbiotic biofilms, gingival inflammation, and bone resorption, highlighting the urgent need for a comprehensive approach to drug combination therapy. In this study, we introduce dynamic covalent nanonetworks (dcNNWs) synthesized through a one-pot, four-component reaction-induced self-assembly method using polyamines, 2-formylphenylboronic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, and alendronate. The formation of iminoboronate bonds drives the creation of dcNNWs, allowing controlled release in the periodontitis microenvironment.

AdipoRon mitigates liver fibrosis by suppressing serine/glycine biosynthesis through ATF4-dependent glutaminolysis.

AdipoRon has been validated for its ability to reverse liver fibrosis, yet the underlying mechanisms remain to be thoroughly investigated. Collagen, predominantly synthesized and secreted in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), relies on glycine as a crucial constituent. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) serves as a pivotal transcriptional regulator in amino acid metabolism.

Hypoxia-Induced and Glucuronic Acid-Modified Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Treat Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Improving Vascular Remodeling.

Achieving precise delivery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains challenging. Here, we propose a strategy using hypoxia-induced and glucuronic acid (GA)-modified mesenchymal stromal-cell-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) to enhance their functionalities and therapeutic targeting. The hypoxia-induced EVs (Hypo-EVs) exhibit enriched exosomal signatures and display heightened inhibition of the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) compared to normoxic EVs (Norm-EV).

Lysophosphatidylcholine 14:0 Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Protecting Alveolar Epithelial Barrier by Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by diffuse alveolar injury and acute non-cardiac pulmonary edema, with high morbidity and mortality. Lysophosphatidylcholine 14:0 (LPC14:0) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in sepsis and bacteremia. We hypothesized that LPC14:0 could be a potential treatment for ALI.

Unsaturated fatty acid profiles and prognostic significance in epilepsy patients: A comprehensive analysis using UPLC-MS/MS and SVM algorithm.

Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) play a crucial physiological role in human body. However, the concentration-related changes and prognostic significance of UFAs in epilepsyremain unclear. An optimized ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) approach was developed to measure six key UFAs: oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).

Dexmedetomidine regulates the anti-oxidation and autophagy of adipose-derived stromal cells under HO-induced oxidative stress through Nrf2/p62 pathway and improves the retention rate of autologous fat transplantation.

To investigate the protective mechanism of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) under oxidative stress model and its promotion effect on the retention rate of adipose granule transplantation by and experiments. The experiment was divided into control group, model group (ADSCs + HO+normal serum), DEX group (ADSCs + H0+DEX drug-containing serum), autophagy agonist group (ADSCs + HO+rapamycin (RAP)+normal serum), RAP + DEX group (ADSCs + HO+normal serum), RAP + DEX drug-containing serum), autophagy inhibitor group (ADSCs + HO+chloroquine (CQ)+normal serum), CQ + DEX group (ADSCs + HO+CQ + DEX drug-containing serum). HO-1, GSH-PX, SOD and CAT in ADSCs under oxidative stress model were measured.