[Expert consensus on key issues of quality control in clinical trials of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine].

Since "the implementation of good clinical practice"(GCP), especially after 2015, the overall quality of new drug cli-nical trials in China has made significant progress, but compared with developed countries, there are still some obvious quality problems in clinical trials in China. Clinical trials of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine are an important part of clinical trials of new drugs in China. In addition to some common problems in all clinical trials, there are also some special quality problems.

[Data collection, quality and evidence formation for human use experience of traditional Chinese medicine].

Collecting and summarizing human use experience(HUE) data, forming high-quality data and evidences that can be used for evaluation are the key links of HUE research on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The collection, collation and summary of human experience data were discussed in this paper. It is pointed out that the collection of HUE should be focus on the source of prescription of new traditional Chinese medicines, and be summarized based on dialectical thinking, experience in medication, characte-ristics of prescription and clinical application.

Single-Cell Profiling to Explore Immunological Heterogeneity of Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancer.

Immune infiltrates in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of breast cancer (BRCA) have been shown to play a critical role in tumorigenesis, progression, invasion, and therapy resistance, and thereby will affect the clinical outcomes of BRCA patients. However, a wide range of intratumoral heterogeneity shaped by the tumor cells and immune cells in the surrounding microenvironment is a major obstacle in understanding and treating BRCA. Recent progress in single-cell technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), mass cytometry, and digital spatial profiling has enabled the detailed characterization of intratumoral immune cells and vastly improved our understanding of less-defined cell subsets in the tumor immune environment.

Chinese Expert Consensus on the Nucleic Acid Detection of SARS-CoV-2.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has already become a pandemic wherein the infection's timely diagnosis has proven beneficial to patient treatment and disease control. Nucleic acid detection has been the primary laboratory diagnostic method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. To ensure laboratory staff safety and quality nucleic acid testing, the Chinese Society of Laboratory Medicine formulated this consensus, based on the Chinese National Recommendations and previous literature for nucleic acid detection.

[Effects of Astragaloside Ⅳ on exosome secretion and its microRNA-126 expression in human endothelial progenitor cells].

To investigate the effects of Astragaloside Ⅳ on the secretion of exosomes in human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-126 in exosomes. The umbilical cord blood from one healthy full-term newborn from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2019 was harvested for isolating mononuclear cells by density gradient centrifugation and cultured for 7 days. Morphological observation was performed during this period.

Optimized acupuncture treatment (acupuncture and intradermal needling) for cervical spondylosis-related neck pain: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Cervical spondylosis (CS)-related neck pain is difficult to treat because of its degenerative nature. The aim of this 9-center, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy of optimized acupuncture for CS-related neck pain. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomized to optimized, shallow, and sham acupuncture groups (1:1:1).

The IL1β-HER2-CLDN18/CLDN4 axis mediates lung barrier damage in ARDS.

Objective: The high mortality rate associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major challenge for intensive care units. In the present study, we applied bioinformatics and animal models to identify core genes and potential corresponding pathways in ARDS.

Results: Using bioinformatics analysis, IL-1β was identified as the core gene of ARDS.

A combined ultrasonic B-mode and color Doppler system for the classification of breast masses using neural network.

Objectives: To develop a dual-modal neural network model to characterize ultrasound (US) images of breast masses.

Materials And Methods: A combined US B-mode and color Doppler neural network model was developed to classify US images of the breast. Three datasets with breast masses were originally detected and interpreted by 20 experienced radiologists according to Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon ((1) training set, 103212 masses from 45,433 + 12,519 patients.

[Effect of Naoshuming decoction on expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β in focal cerebral ischemia rats].

To explore the effect of Naoshuming decoction on cerebral ischemic rats.
 Methods: The model of cerebral ischemia in rats was established via middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The MCAO model rats were randomly divided into a model group (n=36), a Naoshuming decoction at high dose group (n=36), a Naoshuming decoction at middle dose group (n=36) and a Naoshuming decoction at low dose group (n=36).

[Medication regularity of combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in treating Helicobacter pylori-related gastropathy based on literatures].

The medication rules of combination of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) and Western medicine in treating Helicobacter pylori-related gastropathy are analyzed to provide reference for clinical Helicobacter pylori-related gastropathy. Relevant literatures on integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-related gastropathy were collected in CNKI,Wan Fang,VIP and CBM. Excel software and traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system were used to establish a prescription database for data mining and analysis of the medication rules.

miR-34a Enhances the Susceptibility of Gastric Cancer to Platycodin D by Targeting Survivin.

Introduction: Platycodin D (PD), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum, has a well-known anti-tumor effect in multiple human cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). miR-34a plays an important role in the progression of GC. However, the relationship between miR-34a and the susceptibility of GC cells to PD is still unclear.

Three-dimensional changes in lip vermilion morphology of adult female patients after extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment.

Objective: To investigate the three-dimensional lip vermilion changes after extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment in female adult patients and explore the correlation between lip vermilion changes and incisor changes.

Methods: Forty-seven young female adult patients were enrolled in this study (skeletal Class III patients were excluded), including 34 lip-protruding patients treated by extraction of four first premolars (18 patients requiring mini-implants for maximum anchorage control and 16 patients without mini-implants) and 13 patients requiring non-extraction treatment. Nine angles, seven distances, and the surface area of the lip vermilion were measured by using pre- and post-treatment three-dimensional facial scans.

Ginsenoside (Rg-1) promoted the wound closure of diabetic foot ulcer through iNOS elevation via miR-23a/IRF-1 axis.

Background: Impaired wound healing in diabetes foot ulcers (DFUs) brings a great burden to diabetic patients. Pro-angiogenesis through elevating nitric oxide (NO) is beneficial to the wound healing process. Ginsenoside Rg1, the main active in Notoginseng, is reported to regulate the angiogenesis in endothelial cells through modulating miR-23a.

Biomechanical Evaluation of an Anterior Upper Thoracic Plate Fixation System: An In Vitro Human Cadaveric Study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical characteristics of the anterior upper thoracic plate fixation system (AUTP).

Methods: Twelve specimens were divided into 2 groups: the AUTP group and the anterior cervical locking plate (ACLP) group. Bone mineral density was assessed in all specimens.

Changes in buccal facial depth of female patients after extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatments: A preliminary study.

Objective: This study was performed to investigate buccal facial depth (BFD) changes after extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatments in post-adolescent and adult female patients, and to explore possible influencing factors.

Methods: Twelve and nine female patients were enrolled in the extraction and nonextraction groups, respectively. Changes in BFD in the defined buccal region and six transverse and two coronal measuring planes were measured after registering pretreatment and posttreatment three-dimensional facial scans.

Extracellular vesicles in mesenchymal stromal cells: A novel therapeutic strategy for stroke.

A stroke is a focal cerebral insult that frequently causes severe neurological deficit and mortality. Recent studies have demonstrated that multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold great promise for neurovascular remodeling and neurological function recovery following a stroke. Rather than a direct replacement of parenchymal brain cells, the therapeutic mechanism of MSCs is suggested to be the secretion of soluble factors.

[Expression of vascular relevant factors in rabbits with deep II degree burn based on the Notch signaling pathway].

To investigate the relationship between the Notch signaling pathway and expression of vascular relevant factors in rabbit deep II degree burn model.
 Methods: A total of 120 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into a block group, a model group, and a control group. The block group was injected 2 mg/kg γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) once a day at 1 d before the model establishment, and 1-14 d after the deep II degree burns model establishment.

Novel mathematic models for quantitative transitivity of quality-markers in extraction process of the Buyanghuanwu decoction.

Background: Nowadays, to research and formulate an efficiency extraction system for Chinese herbal medicine, scientists have always been facing a great challenge for quality management, so that the transitivity of Q-markers in quantitative analysis of TCM was proposed by Prof. Liu recently. In order to improve the quality of extraction from raw medicinal materials for clinical preparations, a series of integrated mathematic models for transitivity of Q-markers in quantitative analysis of TCM were established.

Effect of Qingguang'an II on expressions of OX42 protein and IL-1β mRNA of retinal microglia cells of rats with chronic high intraocular pressure.

The study investigated the effects of Qingguang'an II (a Chinese medicinal preparation) on expressions of OX42 protein and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA of retinal microglia cells of rats with chronic high intraocular pressure (IOP). SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, that were: A: blank group; B: model group; C: Qingguang'an II low dose group; D: Qingguang'an II medium dose group; E: Qingguang'an II high dose group; F: Yimaikang disket (a Chinese medicinal preparation) group. Experimental rats in B, C, D, E, F groups were established the model of chronic high IOP by cauterizing of superficial scleral vein.

Acupuncture for patients with chronic functional constipation: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Acupuncture is used to treat chronic functional constipation (CFC) in China, despite limited evidence. We aim to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in managing CFC.

Methods: A multicenter randomized controlled trial was performed involving 684 patients with CFC; the patients were randomly allocated to receive He acupuncture (n = 172), Shu-mu acupuncture (n = 171), He-shu-mu acupuncture (n = 171), or oral administration of mosapride (n = 170).

[Effect of Electroacupuncture Stimulation of Acupoints of Heart Meridian on Brain Connectivity in 27 Healthy Volunteer Subjects].

Objective: To observe the changes of brain rest-state functional connectivity following electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of right Xia-Jiquan (HT 1), Shaohai (HT 3), Lingdao (HT 4) and Shenmen (HT 7) of the Heart Meridian and non-acupoints in healthy volunteers so as to provide an imaging basis for clinical treatment of some related disorders.

Methods: A total of 20 healthy volunteers who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into HT-acupoint group (=10 cases) and non-acupoint group (=10 cases) according to the visiting sequence. EA (2 Hz, 2-5 mA) was applied to the right HT 1-HT 3, and HT 4-HT 7 (two outputs of the EA stimulator being connected to two acupuncture needle handles) and non-acupoints (4 spots on the imaginary mid-line between the HT and the Pericardium Meridian apart from the 4 acupoints HT 1-HT 3, and HT 4-HT 7) for 6 min.

Potential Medication Treatment According to Pathological Mechanisms in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disease with high mortality. Because of the lack of effective medications to stop or reverse the progression of AAA, surgical operation has become the most predominant recommendation of treatment for patients. There are many potential mechanisms, including inflammation, smooth muscle cell apoptosis, extracellular matrix degradation, oxidative stress, and so on, involving in AAA pathogenesis.

Main active constituent identification in Guanxinjing capsule, a traditional Chinese medicine, for the treatment of coronary heart disease complicated with depression.

Guanxinjing capsules (GXJCs) are used in traditional Chinese medicine as a common therapy for coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated with depression. In this study, we aimed to identify the main active constituents in GXJCs and to investigate the mechanisms of GXJC action on CHD complicated with depression. The chemical constituent profile of the GXJC was identified by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap assay, and oral bioavailability was evaluated to screen the GXJC drug-like chemical constituents.