Association between triglyceride-glucose-body mass index and risk of aortic stenosis progression in patients with non-severe aortic stenosis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Triglyceride-glucose-BMI (TyG-BMI) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance and an important predictor of cardiovascular disease. However, the predictive value of TyG-BMI index in the progression of non-severe aortic stenosis (AS) is still unclear.

Methods: The present retrospective observational study was conducted using patient data from Aortic valve diseases RISk facTOr assessmenT andprognosis modeL construction (ARISTOTLE).

Tegaserod maleate exerts anti-tumor effects on prostate cancer via repressing sonic hedgehog signaling pathway.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly common type of malignancy and affects millions of men in the world since it is easy to recur or emerge therapy resistance. Therefore, it is urgent to find novel treatments for PCa patients. In the current study, we found that tegaserod maleate (TM), an FDA-approved agent, inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration as well as invasion, caused the arrest of the cell cycle, and promoted apoptosis of PCa cells in vitro.

Apolipoprotein B100 acts as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer via lipid/ER stress axis-induced blockade of autophagy.

Ovarian cancer presents a significant treatment challenge due to its insidious nature and high malignancy. As autophagy is a vital cellular process for maintaining homeostasis, targeting the autophagic pathway has emerged as an avenue for cancer therapy. In the present study, we identify apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100), a key modulator of lipid metabolism, as a potential prognostic biomarker of ovarian cancer.

Mitochondrial dysfunction-driven AMPK-p53 axis activation underpins the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of sulfane sulfur.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, notoriously refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Historically, sulfane sulfur-based compounds have been explored for the treatment of HCC, but their efficacy has been underwhelming. We recently reported a novel sulfane sulfur donor, PSCP, which exhibited improved chemical stability and structural malleability.

Developmental endothelial locus-1 as a potential biomarker for the formation and progression of intracranial aneurysm.

Background: Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are pathological dilations occurring at major branch points of cerebral arteries, which can lead to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) upon rupture. Recent studies have identified developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL1) as closely associated with IA, though its role remains not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate serum DEL1 level differences in IA patients and explore its function in vascular endothelial cells.

Molecular mechanism of long chain non coding RNA LINC00511 influencing breast cancer stem cells: Mechanism of VEGFR1 protein.

A comprehensive investigation into the mechanism of VEGFR1 protein in this process was undertaken. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference was employed to inhibit the expression of LINC00511 in breast cancer cell lines, and changes in breast cancer stem cell markers, including CD44+/CD24-, were monitored using flow cytometry. Additionally, the interaction between VEGFR1 protein and LINC00511 and the activation of its downstream signaling pathway were investigated through co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and Western blot techniques.

Association between Executive Function and Food Addiction among Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of food addiction (FA) among children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to explore the association between executive function and FA.

Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 1,021 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years and their parents participated in this study and completed the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale, Yale Food Addiction Scale and Executive Function Behavior Rating Scale.

Three types of side-to-side microvascular anastomosis training models using rat abdominal vessels.

Background: Side-to-side microvascular anastomosis is the most difficult type of anastomosis. The best way to master microvascular anastomosis technique is deliberate practice in the microsurgical laboratory.

Methods: Three types of side-to-side microvascular anastomosis using the rat abdominal vessels were presented.

Autophagy activation within inflammatory microenvironment improved the therapeutic effect of MSC-Derived extracellular Vesicle in SLE.

Introduction: Developing strategies to improve the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in autoimmune diseases have garnered increased attention.

Objectives: To evaluate whether rapamycin-induced autophagy within the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) inflammatory microenvironment (Rapa-SLE) augments the therapeutic effects of MSC-derived EVs in SLE.

Methods: The therapeutic potential of the resulting EVs (Rapa-SLE-EV) was assessed in MRL/lpr mice.

Mitigation of ischemia/reperfusion injury via selenium nanoparticles: Suppression of STAT1 to inhibit cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and inflammation.

Ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) following myocardial infarction, a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is characterized by detrimental oxidative stress and inflammation. In response, we proposed an I/RI alleviation strategy using the intravenous injection of spherical selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) synthesized by a template method. Single-cell sequencing revealed these proposed SeNPs exhibited exceptional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, disrupting the STAT1-ROS cycle, therefore preserving mitochondrial respiration and inhibiting caspase-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Ginsenoside Rh2(S) maintains cytoskeleton homeostasis and inhibits pyroptosis to resist cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity through FGFR1/HRAS axis.

Background: Patients with cancer undergoing cisplatin chemotherapy frequently experience cardiotoxic side effects that significantly affect their prognosis and survival rates. Our study found that Panax ginseng root extract exerted a significant protective effect against cisplatin-induced myocardial cell injury.

Purpose: The present study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which the bioactive components of Panax ginseng mitigate cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity (CIC).

Baicalein-loaded porous silk fibroin microspheres modulate the senescence of nucleus pulposus cells through the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), an age-associated degenerative condition, significantly contributes to low back pain, thereby adversely affecting individual health and quality of life, while also imposing a substantial societal burden. Baicalein, a natural flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, demonstrates a range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antibacterial properties. This positions it as a promising candidate for the treatment of IVDD through intradiscal drug delivery.

AGER-dependent macropinocytosis drives resistance to KRAS-G12D-targeted therapy in advanced pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) driven by the mutation presents a formidable health challenge because of limited treatment options. MRTX1133 is a highly selective and first-in-class KRAS-G12D inhibitor under clinical development. Here, we report that the advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (AGER) plays a key role in mediating MRTX1133 resistance in PDAC cells.

Establishment of a Mouse Model with Cough Hypersensitivity via Inhalation of Citric Acid.

Cough is one of the most common symptoms of many respiratory diseases. Chronic cough significantly impacts quality of life and imposes a considerable economic burden. Increased cough sensitivity is a pathophysiological hallmark of chronic cough.

Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Changes in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients With Vertebral Bone Marrow Lesions.

Background: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is a significant global health concern, often linked to vertebral bone marrow lesions (BML), particularly fatty replacement (FR). This study aims to explore the relationship between the gut microbiome, serum metabolome, and FR in chronic LBP patients.

Methods: Serum metabolomic profiling and gut microbiome analysis were conducted in chronic LBP patients with and without FR (LBP + FR,  = 40; LBP,  = 40) and Healthy Controls (HC,  = 31).

c-JUN: a chromatin repressor that limits mesoderm differentiation in human pluripotent stem cells.

Cell fate determination at the chromatin level is not fully comprehended. Here, we report that c-JUN acts on chromatin loci to limit mesoderm cell fate specification as cells exit pluripotency. Although c-JUN is widely expressed across various cell types in early embryogenesis, it is not essential for maintaining pluripotency.

Gastrointestinal complications of hepatic glycogen storage disease: a national survey questionnaire study in China.

Background: Hepatic glycogen storage diseases (GSD) are inborn errors of metabolism with abnormal storage or utilization of glycogen, a complex disease with significant genetic heterogeneity and similar clinical manifestations. This study aimed to describe the gastrointestinal symptoms and endoscopic features of hepatic GSD, including types Ia, Ib, III, VI, and IX, to provide evidence for etiology and treatment.

Methods: A national cohort survey questionnaire was distributed to patients diagnosed with GSD type Ia, Ib, III, VI, and IX through genetic testing or their parents in mainland China in May 2022.

Comparing spirometry, impulse oscillometry with computed tomography for assessing small airway dysfunction in subjects with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Studies on consistency among spirometry, impulse oscillometry (IOS), and histology for detecting small airway dysfunction (SAD) remain scarce. Considering invasiveness of lung histopathology, we aimed to compare spirometry and IOS with chest computed tomography (CT) for SAD detection, and evaluate clinical characteristics of subjects with SAD assessed by these three techniques.

Methods: We collected baseline data from the Early COPD (ECOPD) study.

Robust mucosal SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells effectively combat COVID-19 and establish polyfunctional resident memory in patient lungs.

Mucosal antigen-specific T cells are pivotal for pathogen clearance and immune modulation in respiratory infections. Dysregulated T cell responses exacerbate coronavirus disease 2019 severity, marked by cytokine storms and respiratory failure. Despite extensive description in peripheral blood, the characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cells in the lungs remain elusive.

The effect of air pollution exposure on foetal growth restriction in pregnant women who conceived by in vitro fertilisation a cross-sectional study.

Studies investigating the relationship between exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy and foetal growth restriction (FGR) in women who conceive by in vitro fertilisation (IVF) are lacking. The objective was to investigate the effect of air pollutant exposure in pregnancy on FGR in pregnant women who conceive by IVF. We included pregnant women who conceived by IVF and delivered healthy singleton babies in Guangzhou from October 2018 to September 2023.

The brain-gut microbiota network (BGMN) is correlated with symptom severity and neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia.

The association between the human brain and gut microbiota, known as the "brain-gut-microbiota axis", is involved in the neuropathological mechanisms of schizophrenia (SZ); however, its association patterns and correlations with symptom severity and neurocognition are still largely unknown. In this study, 43 SZ patients and 55 normal controls (NCs) were included, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and gut microbiota data were acquired for each participant. First, the brain features of brain images and functional brain networks were computed from rs-fMRI data; the gut features of gut microbiota abundance and the gut microbiota network were computed from gut microbiota data.

The global, regional, and national late-life depression burden and trends from 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Late-life depression (LLD) represents a growing global public health concern. This study aimed to assess the worldwide burden of LLD using comprehensive data.

Methods: Leveraging the latest evidence from the Global Burden of Disease Study, we analyzed trends in LLD burden from 1990 to 2021, encompassing incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

MicroRNA-146b targets HIF-1α AND attenuates cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis in doxorubicin-induced heart failure.

The global prevalence of heart failure is still growing, which imposes a heavy economic burden. The role of microRNA-146b (miR-146b) in HF remain largely unknown. This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of miR-146b in HF.

Gut microbiota modulation via fecal microbiota transplantation mitigates hyperoxaluria and calcium oxalate crystal depositions induced by high oxalate diet.

Hyperoxaluria, including primary and secondary hyperoxaluria, is a disorder characterized by increased urinary oxalate excretion and could lead to recurrent calcium oxalate kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis and eventually end stage renal disease. For secondary hyperoxaluria, high dietary oxalate (HDOx) or its precursors intake is a key reason. Recently, accumulated studies highlight the important role of gut microbiota in the regulation of oxalate homeostasis.

Application of DynaCT biliary soft tissue reconstruction technology in diagnosis and treatment of hepatolithiasis.

Background: Hepatobiliary stone disease involves an intrahepatic bile duct stone that occurs above the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts. One-step percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy (PTCSL) using the percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation (PTOBF) technique enables the clearing of intrahepatic stones and the resolution of strictures. However, hepatolithiasis with associated strictures still has high residual and recurrence rates after one-step PTCSL.