Saikosaponin a protects TBI rats after controlled cortical impact and the underlying mechanism.

The inflammatory response plays a significant role in neuronal cell death and functional deficits after Traumatic brain injury (TBI). Importantly, anti-inflammatory agents have neuroprotective effects. To date, however, no studies have investigated the neuroprotective effects of Saikosaponin a (SSa) after TBI.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with poor prognosis for lack of early detection and effective treatment modalities. The significant influence of tumor microenvironment on malignant cells has been extensively investigated in this targeted-therapy era. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved and fundamental process that is critical for embryogenesis and some other pathophysiological processes, especially tumor genesis and progression.

Comparison of transcranial ultrasound and cranial MRI in evaluations of brain injuries from neonatal asphyxia.

Full-term infants with early-stage brain injuries from asphyxia were examined with two-dimensional ultrasound and color Doppler to assess the use of ultrasound in evaluating early brain injuries after neonatal asphyxia. The sonographic features of ultrasound and color Doppler were compared to those of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ultrasound was used to monitor the brain parenchyma, lateral ventricles, and cerebral hemodynamics in the asphyxia group and full-term control group 24, 48, and 72 h after birth.

Impacts of thyroxine combined with donepezil on hippocampal ultrastructures and expressions of synaptotagmin-1 and SNAP-25 in adult rats with hypothyroidism.

The study aims to observe the impacts of thyroxine (T4) combined with donepezil (DON) on hippocampal ultrastructures and expressions of synaptotagmin-1 and SNAP-25 in adult rats with hypothyroidism. All rats were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control group (CON), the hypothyroidism group (Hypo), the T4 treatment group (T4), the DON treatment group (DON) and the T4+DON combined treatment group (T4+DON). Technique of Electron Microscope (TEM) was used to observe the hippocampal ultrastructures of each group, Western blot and real-time RT-PCR were performed to analyze the protein and mRNA expressions of syt-1 and SNAP-25 in the hippocampus of each group.

Role of human cytomegalovirus in the proliferation and invasion of extravillous cytotrophoblasts isolated from early placentae.

Aim: We investigated the role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and its mechanism in extravillous cytotrophoblast (EVT) proliferation and invasion in vitro.

Methods: Differential enzymatic digestion combined with gradient centrifugation, was used to isolate primary EVT from human chorionic villi collected from early placentae of healthy pregnant women. HCMV infection was determined by immunofluorescence staining of HCMVpp65 antigen expression.

Expression and functional perspectives of miR-184 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors, with its 5-year survival rate lower than 5%. MicroRNAs (miR) have been known as important regulators for the tumorigenesis, progression, invasion and metastasis of various cancers. MiR-184 was found to be abnormally expressed in various cancers including glioma and oral carcinoma.

Changes in the phosphorylation of claudins during the course of experimental colitis.

The phosphorylation of the tight-junction protein claudin causes allosterism, endocytosis and changes in the polarity of the epithelium, thus affecting the barrier function. The phosphorylation status of claudin during the course of colitis has not been demonstrated. In the present study, we found that the phosphorylated claudin-4 and claudin-7 contents were increased in experimental colitis at days 6 and 8, and colonic phosphorylated claudin-6 was found to be increased at day 4 and day 8.

Transglutaminase 2 in cancer.

The significant influence of tumor microenvironment on malignant cells has been investigated with enthusiasm in this era of targeted therapy. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2, EC 2.3.

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney: a rare case report and review of the literatures.

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney (MESTK) is a rare complex renal neoplasm composed of a mixture of cystic and solid components. Until date only few cases of MESTK have been reported. We present here a rare case of MESTK that was diagnosed in a 56-year-old female.

Efficacy and safety of linagliptin monotherapy in Asian patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus: A multinational, 24-week, randomized, clinical trial.

Aims/introduction: Asian patients represent a large portion of the global population with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but are underrepresented in trials of glucose-lowering therapies. The present randomized, phase III, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 24-week study evaluated the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, linagliptin, as monotherapy in Asian patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: Patients who were treatment naïve or had been treated with one oral antidiabetes drug were randomized to either linagliptin 5 mg daily or a placebo after washout.

Functional role of regulatory T cells in B cell lymphoma and related mechanisms.

B cell lymphoma (BCL) has a higher degree of malignancy and complicated pathogenic mechanism. Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are known to exert certain immune suppression functions, in addition to immune mediating effects. Recent studies have revealed the role of Treg cells in pathogenesis and progression of multiple malignant tumors.

Left scrotal swelling caused by severe acute pancreatitis in a 38-year-old Chinese male.

Acute pancreatitis can be associated with a variety of complications caused by the interaction of the pancreatic fluids with the local structures, and may eventually form pseudocysts, ascites, etc. Nevertheless, scrotal swelling caused by severe acute pancreatitis was rarely reported due to low incidence or lack of recognition. We reported a rare phenomenon that left scrotal swelling caused by severe acute pancreatitis in a 38-year-old man.

Factors related to anxiety and depression in patients undergoing adrenalectomy in 220 Chinese people.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors related to anxiety and depression in patients undergoing adrenalectomy.

Subjects And Methods: From October 2011 to October 2014, 220 consecutive inpatients undergoing adrenalectomy were enrolled in this study. Documented informed consent for the study was obtained from each subject.

The combination of inferior pedicle method and dermal suspension sling technique: one new efficient method for breast reduction.

Objective: To explore a method of breast reduction which ensures well nipple and areola lactation function, adequate blood supply and good medial fullness and projection. At the same time, this study could evaluate the advantages of the combination of inferior pedicle method and dermal suspension sling technique for breast reduction.

Methods: From 2011.

Preoperative risk factors of postoperative delirium after transurethral prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The aim of this observational study was to investigate the occurrence of post operation delirium in the elderly patients undergoing the transurethral prostatectomy and to identify these factors associated with the delirium. 485 patients, undergoing the transurethral prostatectomy, were selected. Demographics, medical, cognitive and functional data, IPSS and NIH-CPSI score were collected as predictors for delirium.

CD147 and MMP-9 expressions in type II/III adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction and their clinicopathological significances.

Objectives: To investigate CD147 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expressions in type II/III adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG), and their clinicopathological significances.

Methods: Seventy-four patients clinically and pathologically diagnosed with type II/III AEG were analyzed, each undergoing radical total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy. The avidin streptavidin-perosidase immunohistochemistry technique was used to detect CD147 and MMP-9 in type II/III AEGs and 20 para-tumor controls, and their correlations with clinicopathological data and their reciprocal relationship were then analyzed.

Application value of different transformation zone types and its genetic relationship with high-risk HPV type in diagnosis and therapy of cervical disease.

This study aims to discuss the influence of different types of transformation zone (TZ) on positive surgical margin of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and the significance of infection of different genetic high-risk HPV for cervical intraepithelial neoplasm. The clinical data of patients who had CIN2+ and received LEEP during January to December 2013 was investigated. The conditions of positive surgical margin of patients of different transformation zone (type I, II, III) were analyzed.

The neural substrates of response inhibition to negative information across explicit and implicit tasks in GAD patients: electrophysiological evidence from an ERP study.

Background: It has been established that the inability to inhibit a response to negative stimuli is the genesis of anxiety. However, the neural substrates of response inhibition to sad faces across explicit and implicit tasks in general anxiety disorder (GAD) patients remain unclear.

Methods: Electrophysiological data were recorded when subjects performed two modified emotional go/no-go tasks in which neutral and sad faces were presented: one task was explicit (emotion categorization), and the other task was implicit (gender categorization).

Arsenical keratosis caused by medication: a case report and literature.

Medication-induced arsenical keratosis is a rare type of arsenical keratosis. We describe here a case of 70-year-old man to explore the clinical characters, diagnosis and treatment of medication-induced arsenical keratosis in order to improve the understanding of this disease and reduce the misdiagnosis rate. The clinical characters, signs, lab findings as well as progression, diagnosis and treatment in the case of arsenical keratosis were analyzed.

Complications after selective embolization in the bilateral internal iliac arteries and the median sacral artery with gelfoam particles in dogs.

Objective: The study aimed to observe the complications after the bilateral internal iliac arteries and the median sacral artery embolization by different severity and combinations of gelfoam particles.

Methods: Sixteen healthy adult dogs were randomly divided into five groups. Under the monitoring of digital subtraction angiography (DSA), gelfoam particles with diameter of 50-150 μm were applied.

Modified technique of renal pedicle lymphatic disconnection for chyluria through the laparoscopic surgery.

Fifteen cases of chyluria were diagnosed by Sudan staining test and the sides of chylous reflux were determined by cystoscopy. All patients underwent the modified laparoscopic technique. The operations had been successfully without unexpected injury.

Prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms in outpatients with four premature ejaculation syndromes: a study in 438 men complaining of ejaculating prematurely.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of prostatitis-like symptoms (PLS) in men with or without PE, and the differences among the 438 outpatients with the four PE syndromes.

Subjects And Methods: Between January 2012 and January 2013, 438 consecutive heterosexual men complaining of PE and another 493 male healthy subjects without the complaint were included in this study. Each of them completed a detailed face-to-face questionnaire for information of demographics, National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), and International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5).

Increased chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase in rats with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis induced by 17-beta estradiol combined with castration.

Although chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNBP) is a common diagnosis in middle-aged men, the etiology of this disease remains poorly understood. Neuroendocrine cells play an important role in the neuroendocrine regulation of the prostate, and chromogranin A (CgA) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) are regarded as classic markers of neuroendocrine cells. This study aimed to determine CgA and NSE levels in a CNBP rat model to evaluate the role of neuroendocrine cells in the pathogenesis of CNBP.

A giant primary retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma in right adrenal region in a 39-year-old female.

We report an unusual case of a giant primary retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma in right adrenal region in a 39-year-old Chinese female. The patient has complained of dizziness and a high blood pressure approximately 170/110 mmHg for half one year. A plain helical and enhanced CT scan showed a huge tumor with a mixing density in recessus hepatorenalis.

Significance of peripheral neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio among gastric cancer patients and construction of a treatment-predictive model: a study based on 1131 cases.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common and deadly malignancies nowadays, and inflammatory cells are closely related to tumor progression. This prospective study aims to uncover clinical significance of peripheral immune cells and build a treatment-predictive model. From July 2006 to July 2011, a total of 1131 GC patients were selected, with their general characteristics, peripheral blood and pathological parameters, and operational information obtained.