Socio-demographic and genetic risk factors for drug adherence and persistence across 5 common medication classes.

Low drug adherence is a major obstacle to the benefits of pharmacotherapies and it is therefore important to identify factors associated with discontinuing or being poorly adherent to a prescribed treatment regimen. Using high-quality nationwide health registry data and genome-wide genotyping, we evaluate the impact of socio-demographic and genetic risk factors on adherence and persistence for 5 common medication classes that require long-term, regular therapy (N = 1,814,591 individuals from Finnish nationwide registries, 217,005 with genetic data from Finland and Estonia). Need for social assistance and immigration status show a notable negative effect on persistence and adherence across the examined medications (odd ratios between 0.

Maternal psychological distress and temperament traits in children from infancy to late childhood.

Background: Maternal psychological distress during pregnancy is associated with infant temperament. Whether associations persist into late childhood, whether maternal distress is associated with temperament change from infancy to late childhood, whether associations are independent of maternal concurrent distress, and whether maternal distress has sensitive exposure periods on child temperament remain unclear.

Methods: Our study includes mother-child dyads from Finnish, prospective Prediction and Prevention of Preeclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction study.

Hair cortisol and psychiatric symptomatology in children; outcomes of group CBT.

The associations between hair cortisol concentration (HCC), a biomarker of chronic stress, and behavior and sleep disturbance symptoms have not been studied in children with psychiatric disorders. While cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven effective in treating psychiatric symptoms in children, its potential biological implications as determined by HCC have not been investigated. We explored associations between HCC, behavior and sleep disturbance symptoms, and different diagnostic groupings (depression/anxiety, ADHD, or other types of psychiatric disorders) in clinician-diagnosed 6-12-year-old children (n = 100) with mixed psychiatric disorders and comorbidities.

Is the third molar the most frequently extracted tooth? A population-based study utilizing dental panoramic radiographs in adults.

Objectives: The study aimed to examine the authenticity of the often-mentioned statement that the third molar is the most frequently extracted tooth. This finding has not been shown previously in a large population-based sample.

Materials And Methods: Data comprised a nationally representative sample of 6082 panoramic radiographs taken from adults in the cross-sectional Health 2000 Survey.

Deep learning-based prediction of one-year mortality in Finland is an accurate but unfair aging marker.

Short-term mortality risk, which is indicative of individual frailty, serves as a marker for aging. Previous age clocks focused on predicting either chronological age or longer-term mortality. Aging clocks predicting short-term mortality are lacking and their algorithmic fairness remains unexamined.

Factors associated with psychological distress of workers in the Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church.

Background: The work of church employees contains many elements causing symptoms of stress and anxiety. They can lead into psychological distress and possibly indicate the beginning of a more serious psychological state. Women seem to be more disposed to psychological stress than men.

Child- and parent-related determinants for out-of-home care in a nationwide population with neurodevelopmental disorders: a register-based Finnish birth cohort 1997 study.

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are among the most common health issues in childhood and adolescence. Psychiatric disorders are known to be overrepresented among children using child welfare services and placed in out-of-home care (OHC). Child- and parent-related determinants for OHC among a national population with NDDs were evaluated utilising longitudinal register data from the national Finnish Birth Cohort 1997 (n = 58,802) from birth to 18 years (1997-2015).

Immigrant Origin and Disability Increase Risk for Anxiety Among Youth During COVID-19: The Role of Unmet Needs for Support in Distance Learning and Family Conflicts.

Purpose: Shifting to distance learning due to COVID-19 may decrease teacher support and increase family conflicts, potentially increasing anxiety. Nevertheless, there is scarce information on this topic among disability and/or immigrant-origin groups. Thus, we investigated whether these minority groups reported more anxiety than the reference group-Finnish-origin youth without disabilities-and whether unmet needs for support in distance learning and family conflicts mediated differences in anxiety during the pandemic.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection in foxes with PB2-M535I identified as a novel mammalian adaptation, Northern Ireland, July 2023.

We report cases of mammalian infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.

Out-of-home interventions for adolescents who were treated according to the Open Dialogue model for mental health care.

Background: The Open Dialogue approach (OD) emphasizes community-based psychiatric treatment for adolescents, but its success in achieving this is poorly documented.

Objective: To analyse out-of-home intervention usage in a national sample of adolescent psychiatric patients and determine if OD is linked to increased time until out-of-home intervention.

Participants And Setting: The register-based cohort study included all adolescents aged 13-20 who received psychiatric treatment in Finland between 2003 and 2008.

The use of antibiotic-loaded bone cement and systemic antibiotic prophylactic use in 2,971,357 primary total knee arthroplasties from 2010 to 2020: an international register-based observational study among countries in Africa, Europe, North America, and Oceania.

Background And Purpose: Antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) and systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) have been used to reduce periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) rates. We investigated the use of ALBC and SAP in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Patients And Methods: This observational study is based on 2,971,357 primary TKAs reported in 2010-2020 to national/regional joint arthroplasty registries in Australia, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Romania, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA.

Attention deficit hyperactivity and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in adolescence and risk of substance use disorders-A general population-based birth cohort study.

Background: Externalizing symptoms are associated with risk of future substance use disorder (SUD). Few longitudinal studies exist using general population-based samples which assess the spectrum of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms.

Aims/objectives: We aimed to study the associations between adolescent ADHD symptoms and subsequent SUD and additionally examine whether the risk of SUD is influenced by comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms.

Incidence and persistence of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with and without disability.

Objectives: We investigated the incidence (becoming distressed at the follow-up) and persistence (distressed at the baseline and the follow-up) of psychological distress among individuals with and without disability in the period from early 2017 (before the COVID-19 pandemic) to late 2020 (the second wave of the pandemic).

Methods: We analyzed the population-based FinHealth 2017 survey and its follow-up conducted in 2020 (number of individuals who participated in both surveys: n = 4881; age = 18+). Logistic regressions were applied to investigate differences in the incidence and persistence of psychological distress between people with and without disability.

COVID-19 risk perception framework of the public: an infodemic tool for future pandemics and epidemics.

Understanding the risk perceptions of the public is central for risk communications and infodemic management during emergency and preparedness planning as people's behavior depends on how they perceive the related risks. This qualitative study aimed to identify and describe factors related to COVID-19 risk perceptions of the public in Finland and to make this information readily available to those who communicate with the public during crises. The study is part of a larger project exploring crisis narratives through a mixed-methods approach.

Effectiveness of Group CBT on Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Children with Mixed Psychiatric Disorders.

Background: Our study addressed the gap in research on the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating children with mixed psychiatric disorders. We examined the immediate and long-term effects of group CBT (GCBT), delivered in naturalistic clinical settings, on reducing internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children with mixed psychiatric disorders. Further, we compared the effectiveness of cost-effective, manualized GCBT to treatment as usual (TAU) consisting of individually tailored psychiatric outpatient services delivered by mental health care specialists.

(Dis)advantaged positions in accessing gender-affirming healthcare in Finland: an intersectional qualitative study of foreign-origin transgender people.

Background: An increasing body of scholarship focuses on transgender individuals' experiences when accessing gender-affirming healthcare. However, the experiences of transgender individuals who identify as being of foreign-origin in Finland have rarely been studied. This study aims to fill the gap in research and contribute to the understanding of the experiences of transgender individuals who also identify as belonging to the foreign-origin populations in Finland.

Exploring behavioural factors influencing COVID-19-specific infection prevention and control measures in Finland: a mixed-methods study, December 2020 to March 2021.

BackgroundCompliance with infection prevention and control (IPC) measures is critical to preventing COVID-19 transmission in healthcare settings.AimTo identify and explain factors influencing compliance with COVID-19-specific IPC measures among healthcare workers (HCWs) in long-term care facilities (LTCF) in Finland.MethodsThe study included a web-based survey and qualitative study based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).

The implementation and outcomes of self-managing teams in elderly care: A scoping review.

Aim: We aim to map the existing evidence and gaps in research on the implementation and outcomes of self-managing elderly care teams.

Background: Due to increasing demand for elderly nursing care and an ageing workforce, recruiting and retaining community nurses have become challenging. Implementing self-managing teams may be a solution to address this problem.

Maternal exposure to childhood maltreatment and mental and behavioral disorders in children.

Exposure to maltreatment in childhood is associated with lifelong risk of mental and behavioral disorders. Whether the effects extend to the next generation remains unclear. We examined whether maternal exposure to childhood abuse and neglect in her own childhood were associated with mental and behavioral disorders and psychiatric symptoms in her children, and whether maternal lifetime mental and behavioral disorders or lower education level mediated or added to the effects.

Changes in older people's quality of life in the COVID-19 era: a population-based study in Finland.

Purpose: We investigated how quality of life (QoL) changed between 2018 and 2020, and how its related factors, i.e., communication with friends and family, loneliness, and sleeping difficulties changed amid the early-phase COVID-19 pandemic among Finnish older people.

Pairwise association of key lifestyle factors and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective pooled multicohort study.

Background: Several lifestyle factors are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Although lifestyle factors co-occur, in most previous studies these factors have been studied focusing upon a single risk factor or assuming independent effects between risk factors.

Aim: To examine the pairwise effects and interactions of smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and body mass index (BMI) with risk of subsequent colorectal cancer (CRC).