Surgical pupil reconstruction for congenital idiopathic acorea with lens transparency saving. Case report.

Introduction: Idiopathic congenital acorea is extremely rare. There are several techniques for preserving the clear lens during pupil formation.

Case Presentation: The complete pupil absence caused acute glaucoma attack 2 weeks after birth, which was controlled in a 1-month-old child by peripheral iridectomy and disconnecting iris-corneal synechias.

Subthreshold Micropulse Laser (577 nm) Therapy with an Individual Approach for Power Titration in Patients with Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (Pilot Study).

Purpose: To study the safety and effectiveness of subthreshold micropulse (SML) 577 nm laser therapy with an individual power titration in treating patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: The study was a prospective, single-centre observation of 30 patients (30 eyes) with chronic CSC. All patients with chronic CSC were treated with a 577 nm micropulse laser.

Application of smartphone-based infrared thermography devices for ocular surface thermal imaging.

Infrared thermography (IRT) is a well-known imaging technique that provides a non-invasive displaying of the ocular surface temperature distribution. Currently, compact smartphone-based IRT devices, as well as special software for processing thermal images, have become available. The study aimed to determine the possible use of smartphone-based IRT devices for real-time ocular surface thermal imaging.

The effect of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and glycated haemoglobin on the management of diabetic neovascular glaucoma.

The study hypothesizes that some patients with diabetic neovascular glaucoma (NVG) do not fully respond to transscleral (TSC) cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) due to significant inflammation and insufficient glucose control. The study aimed to determine the effect of baseline blood levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) on the management of patients with diabetic NVG by TSC CPC. This open prospective study included 70 diabetic patients (75 eyes; aged Ме 63.

Prevalence of strabismus in premature infants in an age-related perspective.

The Aim: was to investigate the prevalence of strabismus in premature infants; to identify diagnostic indicators for predicting strabismus at the age of 3-8 years.

Methods: The material was the data of 84 premature infants who underwent ophthalmological examination at the age of 6 months - 3 years and again - at 3-8 years. All children underwent ophthalmic examination for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infancy.

Features of hemodynamic and immunological parameters in patients with recurrent uveitis complicated by hypertension, Fuchs heterochromic uveitis and Posner-Schlossman syndrome.

Uveitis is a disease that manifests with increased vascular permeability and occlusion, with some ischemia and inflammatory mediators. It is characterized by a wide range of pathological processes, including inflammation, increased vascular permeability and occlusion, local ischemia and cell alteration by inflammatory mediators, and is characterized by the presence of complications. To study the state of ocular hemodynamics by rheoophthalmography, as well as the immune status in patients with idiopathic recurrent anterior uveitis complicated by intraocular hypertension, Fuchs heterochromic uveitis, Posner-Schlossman syndrome, during the relapse period.

Vitreoretinal Surgery with Temperature Management: A Preliminary Study in Rabbits.

The present study aimed to evaluate the structure of the rabbit retina after vitreoretinal surgery using prolonged irrigation with solutions of different temperatures. Thirty-six rabbits (72 eyes) were included in this study and randomly divided into 3 equal groups according to the temperature of the intraocular irrigating fluid they received during vitrectomy. Vitreoretinal surgery was performed with a 5°C irrigation solution in group 1 (12 rabbits, 24 eyes), a 22°C irrigation solution in group 2 (12 rabbits, 24 eyes), and a 36°C irrigation solution in group 3 (12 rabbits, 24 eyes).

Device Development for Ocular Surface Temperature and Heat Flux Density Measurement.

Purpose: Currently, much attention is paid to measuring the temperature of the ocular surface in various ophthalmic diseases. However, for a comprehensive assessment of heat transfer of the eye, it is advisable to measure both the ocular surface temperature and the heat flux (HF) density. This will expand our knowledge of the physiology of the eye and create new possibilities for diagnosing ocular pathology.

Immunity status and expression of molecular markers (ICAM-1, CD5, CD25, CD95) on lymphocytes of patients with recurrent anterior uveitis complicated by macular edema.

Background: Treatment of macular edema in uveitis is a key goal of treatment, because this complication remains a potential therapeutic problem for specialists.

Material And Methods: Examination was carried out in 1-2 groups - 50 persons with uncomplicated recurrent anterior uveitis (AU) in the stage of relapse or remission - and 3-4 groups - 26 persons with recurrent AU complicated by uveitic macular edema (UME) in the stage of relapse or remission of AU. Control group - 27 healthy volunteers.

Evaluation and comparison of subjective and objective anterior ocular surface damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dry eye disease.

Purpose: To evaluate anterior ocular surface damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dry eye disease in comparison to non-diabetic controls based on conjunctival impression cytology, objective scales (Efron, Oxford) and OSDI, to correlate vision-related quality of life with grades of squamous metaplasia in T2DM patients suffering from DED.

Methods: All participants underwent complete ophthalmologic examination including Shirmer test, TBUT, conjunctival/corneal staining (Oxford scheme), evaluation of conjunctival redness (Efron grading scale), and conjunctival impression cytology (Nelson's scale). The OSDI questionnaire was completed by both groups of patients to assess severity of DED and QoL.

CLINICAL CASE OF NON-TYPICAL METASTASIS OF NEUROENDOCRINE LUNG CARCINOMA TO THE VASCULAR MEMBRANE OF THE EYE.

Background: Metastases in eye structures are rare (1-5% cases at systemic spread of different malignancies, mainly breast and lung cancers). The prognosis is poor. The overall survival usually does not exceed 12 or even 6 months.

Photodynamic Therapy with Chlorin e6 Derivative for Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (Pilot Study).

To evaluate the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with chlorin e6 (Ce6) derivative in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Participants in this interventional, single-center clinical pilot study included 39 patients (39 eyes) with chronic CSC. Primary objectives were to assess safety and change in decimal best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) during the 12-month follow-up.

Intraocular tumours imaging with transpalpebral near-infrared LED transillumination: Pilot study.

Purpose: To determine the possible use of near-infrared(NIR) light-emitting-diode (LED) radiation for imaging intraocular tumours by transpalpebral transillumination.

Methods: This study was a pilot, open-label, prospective and non-interventional. Thirty patients (30 eyes; age 30-72 years) with uveal melanomas located in the iris, ciliary body, or choroid were under our observation.

Travel burden and clinical presentation of retinoblastoma: analysis of 1024 patients from 43 African countries and 518 patients from 40 European countries.

Background: The travel distance from home to a treatment centre, which may impact the stage at diagnosis, has not been investigated for retinoblastoma, the most common childhood eye cancer. We aimed to investigate the travel burden and its impact on clinical presentation in a large sample of patients with retinoblastoma from Africa and Europe.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis including 518 treatment-naïve patients with retinoblastoma residing in 40 European countries and 1024 treatment-naïve patients with retinoblastoma residing in 43 African countries.

Prospects of Temperature Management in Vitreoretinal Surgery.

Currently, there are no clear recommendations about the safety of certain temperature conditions for intraocular structures during vitreoretinal surgery; instructions on the safe rate of rewarming of the vitreous cavity; and the advisability of monitoring ocular temperature in the postoperative period. The purpose was to study the dynamics of epibulbar and intraocular temperature during vitreoretinal surgery. This study included 20 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (10 eyes) and retinal detachment associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (10 eyes).

[Imaging of Intraocular Foreign Bodies Located in the Projection of the Ciliary Body by Infrared Transillumination (Pilot Study)].

Background: Despite the improvement in diagnostic technologies, imaging of intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) located in the projection of the ciliary body remains one of the current problems of ocular traumatology.

Purpose: To study the possibilities of imaging intraocular foreign bodies in the projection of the ciliary body by infrared transpalpebral transillumination (IRTT).

Materials And Methods: 10 patients (10 eyes) with a penetrating eye wound and the presence of an IOFB were enrolled in the study.

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale.

Comparison of Efficacy of Intravitreal Ranibizumab and Aflibercept in Eyes with Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization: 24-Month Follow-Up.

To compare the 24-month efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab and aflibercept in treatment-naive patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Ninety-six naive patients (97 eyes) with myopic CNV were included in this single-center study. Patients received intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) or aflibercept (IVA) following a pro re nata regimen (PRN).

Ciliary body thickness changes after preoperative anti-inflammatory treatment in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by choroidal detachment.

Background: The literature is scant on the state of the ciliary body, its role in the development of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) complicated by choroidal detachment (CD), and on ciliary body changes following the treatment aimed at resolving concomitant inflammation and choroidal attachment. This study assesses the anatomical position and thickness of the ciliary body and investigates the ciliary body changes after anti-inflammatory pre-vitrectomy treatment in RRD complicated by CD.

Methods: Forty-nine patients (49 eyes) with RRD complicated by CD underwent standard ophthalmological examination (including visual acuity assessment, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, and ocular tonometry) and ultrasound biomicroscopy of the ciliary body, choroid, and retina both before and following anti-inflammatory pre-vitrectomy treatment.

Intravitreal aflibercept for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization associated with pathologic myopia: a pilot study.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept injections for the treatment of patients with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with pathologic myopia.

Methods: In this uncontrolled, prospective cohort study, 31 eyes of 30 consecutive patients affected by CNV associated with pathologic myopia were treated with intravitreal aflibercept (2 mg) as needed following two initial monthly doses and observed over a 12-month follow-up period. The primary endpoint was change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at month 12, while central retinal thickness (CRT) on optical coherence tomography (OCT), neovascularization activity on fluorescein angiography, the number of aflibercept injections administered, and safety were examined as secondary endpoints.

Hyperelastic Nanocellulose-Reinforced Hydrogel of High Water Content for Ophthalmic Applications.

A nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel material of exceptionally high water content for ophthalmic applications is presented (>90 wt %), which also features a hitherto unprecedented combination of optical, mechanical, viscoelastic, oxygen permeability, and biocompatibility properties. The hydrogel combines the desired softness with remarkable strain-dependent mechanical strength and thereby demonstrates hyperelastic, rubber-like mechanical properties. The observed unusual mechanical behavior is due to both high water content and the combination of relatively stiff cellulose nanowhiskers entangled in a soft polymer matrix of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), thus mimicking the structural characteristics of the cornea's main constituents, i.

PECULIARITIES OF VITRECTOMY AND MORPHOLOGIC CHANGES IN THE EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE AFTER INTRAVITREAL AFLIBERCEPT IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY.

Purpose: To examine the peculiarities of vitrectomy and morphologic changes in the epiretinal membrane after intravitreal aflibercept in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Prospective study of 21 consecutive cases with proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated by vascularized epiretinal membrane forming tractional retinal detachment that underwent pars plana vitrectomy 4 days after intravitreal injection of aflibercept. After removal, the epiretinal membranes were taken for histologic examination using light microscopy.