Adjunctive PCSK9 Inhibitor Evolocumab in the Prevention of Early Neurological Deterioration in Non-cardiogenic Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label, Clinical Trial.

Background: Early neurological deterioration (END) is associated with a poor prognosis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Effectively lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) can improve the stability of atherosclerotic plaque and reduce post-stroke inflammation, which may be an effective means to lower the incidence of END. The objective of this study was to determine the preventive effects of evolocumab on END in patients with non-cardiogenic AIS.

Genetic Causal Association Between Skin Microbiota and Biological Aging: Evidence From a Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background: The skin microbiota, a complex community of microorganisms residing on the skin, plays a crucial role in maintaining skin health and overall homeostasis. Recent research has suggested that alterations in the composition and function of the skin microbiota may influence the aging process. However, the causal relationships between specific skin microbiota and biological aging remain unclear.

The efficacy and safety of a taxane-based chemotherapy regimen combined with a PD-1 inhibitor in HNSCC: a multicenter real-world study.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of a taxane-based chemotherapy in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors regimen in patients diagnosed with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods: We retrospectively collected clinical data from 154 patients who received at least two cycles of PD-1 inhibitors in combination with a taxane-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment in seven hospitals in Hunan Province, between December 2018 and December 2023. These patients were subjected to long-term follow-up.

Optimization of the Use of APRI and FIB-4 for Ruling Out Liver Cirrhosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Normal Alanine Aminotransferase.

The exclusion of cirrhosis is important in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT). We aimed to optimise the performance of the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis score based on four factors (FIB-4) to exclude cirrhosis in these patients. Five hundred and eighty four patients with normal ALT who underwent liver biopsy were included in the study.

MRI imaging characteristics of brainstem and midbrain aqueduct in patients with iNPH.

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is frequently difficult to diagnose due to the absence of specific symptoms, yet early detection and surgical intervention are essential for preventing sequela such as irreversible dementia. This study explores the specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the brainstem and mesencephalic aqueduct in patients with iNPH. Head MRI data of 50 iNPH patients and 30 healthy matched controls were compared for mesencephalic aqueduct length, diameter, and angle, structural features of the brainstem at the sagittal plane, brainstem component volume ratios, angle between the brainstem and spinal cord, and the area and morphology of the pontine cisterns.

Clinical Significance of Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Short Chain and Its Anti-tumor Role in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inhibiting Canonical Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway.

Background: The pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) emphasizes metabolic disorders. HCC patients showed abnormally low expression of Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase short chain (ACADS).

Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the clinical significance and mechanistic role of ACADS in HCC.

Rapid quantitative PCR on tongue swabs for pulmonary tuberculosis in adults: a prospective multicentre study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of infectious disease mortality globally, with significant underdiagnosis perpetuating transmission. Tongue swab analysis has emerged as a promising non-invasive method for pulmonary TB diagnosis. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of the TB-EASY quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay using tongue swab specimens.

Overview of current research on traditional Chinese medicine in skin disease treatment: a bibliometric analysis from 2014 to 2024.

Context: Recent research has revealed significant advancements in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for skin diseases. However, there is a lack of visualization analysis within this research domain.

Objective: To analyze the research directions and advancements in TCM research in skin diseases.

The effect of calf muscular vein thrombosis on the prognosis within one year postoperatively of geriatric hip fracture patients: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Introduction: Calf muscular vein thrombosis (CMVT) is a type of distal deep vein thrombosis, which is common in geriatric hip fracture patients. However, studies focusing on whether the orthopedic operation has an impact on the prognosis of geriatric hip fracture patients with CMVT are very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore whether geriatric hip fractures with CMVT affect the mortality of patients within one year postoperatively.

High Incidence of syphilis seroconversion among people living with HIV in Hainan, south China.

Globally, people living with HIV (PLHIV) are at a high risk of syphilis transmission, and Hainan Province has one of the highest syphilis rates in China. However, there is no targeted syphilis screening for HIV patients in Hainan, highlighting the need for data to guide public health interventions. This study aims to assess the incidence of seropositive syphilis and its associated factors among PLHIV.

The performance of a novel diagnostic criteria for neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients.

Diagnosing neurosyphilis in clinical settings poses significant challenges due to the absence of highly efficient diagnostic criteria. Our objective was to enhance the existing diagnostic criteria and assess their sensitivity and specificity for identifying neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients. We conducted a retrospective review of patient records from a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2019 and May 2023.

Urinary Circular RNA Panels to Detect HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter, Large-Scale, Case-Control Study.

Purpose: More than 60% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) do not receive curative therapeutics due to late clinical manifestations and diagnosis. The 5-year survival rate for advanced HCC is approximately 2%. However, curative therapies for HCC detected early can improve the 5-year survival rate to >70%.

Comparison of Self-repair Disparities in Articular Cartilage Defect Models With Various Load-bearing Sites.

This study aimed to explore the construction of experimental animal models replicating cartilage defects across diverse load-bearing sites, compare self-repair conditions, and examine the role of mechanical stimulation in cartilage self-repair. Experimental animal models were established in rabbits to simulate full-thickness cartilage defects without penetrating the subchondral bone, at various load-bearing sites, including the posterior femoral condyle, anterior femoral condyle and femoral trochlear of knee joint, and the humerus of the shoulder joint. The successful exposure and construction of cartilage defects at the anterior femoral condyle, femoral trochlear, and posterior femoral condyle through the medial extension of surgical incision.

Etiology and Prognostic Criteria for Liver Failure in Southeast China: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Between 2018 and 2020.

The prognosis of patients with liver failure (LF) depends significantly on the etiology and clinical indicators. This analysis of these basic indicators can help provide a basis for the study of predictive outcome indicators. We collected the data from multiple centers in Southeast China, including subclasses of acute liver failure (ALF), subacute liver failure (SLF), acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), subacute-on-chronic liver failure (SALF), and chronic liver failure (CLF).

Discovery and optimization of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as novel ferroptosis inhibitors.

Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid ROS accumulation, which is associated with various diseases, including acute organ injury, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis has great potential for the treatment of these diseases. However, the clinical translation of many ferroptosis inhibitors is hindered by their inadequate activity or suboptimal pharmacokinetic profiles.

Joint Analysis of Multiple Omics to Describe the Biological Characteristics of Resistant Hypertension.

Resistant hypertension (RH) may cause severe target organ damage and poses significant challenges in the field of hypertension prevention and treatment. Mining biological characteristics is crucial for exploring the pathogenesis of RH and for early diagnosis and treatment. Although several single-omics studies have been conducted on RH, its complex pathogenesis has only been partially elucidated.

Programmed cell death pathways in lung adenocarcinoma: illuminating tumor drug resistance and therapeutic opportunities through single-cell analysis.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major contributor to cancer-related deaths, distinguished by its pronounced tumor heterogeneity and persistent challenges in overcoming drug resistance. In this study, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to dissect the roles of programmed cell death (PCD) pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, in shaping LUAD heterogeneity, immune infiltration, and prognosis. Among these, ferroptosis and pyroptosis were most significantly associated with favorable survival outcomes, highlighting their potential roles in enhancing anti-tumor immunity.

Densely distributed Co onto carbon-layer-coated flower-like Ni/AlO and its tailored integration into a stirrer for multiple catalytic degradation and solar-powered water evaporation.

Multiple functional tailored materials have shown great potential for both pollutant degradation and freshwater recovery. In this study, we synthesized densely distributed Co onto carbon-layer-coated Ni/AlO hydrangea composites (Ni/AlO@Co) the polymerization of dopamine under a controlled graphitized process. The characterization results revealed that Ni/AlO@Co, with abundant exposed bimetallic Co-Ni species on the surface of AlO, could afford accessible catalytic sites for persulphate activation and subsequent pollutant degradation.

AIRE mutation in an elderly Caroli's patient with cholangitis and sepsis: a case report.

Background: Caroli's disease, an autosomal recessive, hereditary-related disorder, is a rare disease, in which the diagnosis is based primarily on medical imaging and pathophysiological examinations. It is characterized by intrahepatic cystic dilation or cysts. Hepatic resection of diseased lobes can cure or avoid the risk of malignancy.

3-Acetyldeoxynivalenol induces pyroptosis in leydig cells via METTL3-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification of NLRP3.

3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), an acetylated derivative of deoxynivalenol, is a prevalent contaminant found in food products contaminated with mycotoxins. While the toxicological effects of 3-ADON on human and animal health are well-documented, its specific impact on the reproductive system remains underexplored. In this study, we comprehensively examined the toxicological effects of 3-ADON on TM3 Leydig cells through both in vivo and in vitro experimental models.

[Influence analysis of glenohumeral bone structure on anterior shoulder instability].

Objective: To investigate the effect of glenohumeral bone structure on anterior shoulder instability by three-dimensional CT reconstruction.

Methods: The clinical data of 48 patients with unilateral anterior shoulder dislocation (instability group) and 46 patients without shoulder joint disease (control group) admitted between February 2012 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. There was no significant difference in gender and side between the two groups ( >0.

DYNLL1 ubiquitinated and degraded by E3 ligase PRKN regulates cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

This study was intended to investigate the role of DYNLL1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and reveal the relevant molecular mechanism. To this end, we manipulated the expression of DYNLL1 and PRKN with shRNA and/or overexpression to assess their effects on A549 cell phenotypes including cell proliferation, cycle arrest and apoptosis using CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, TUNEL and western blot. DYNLL1 is a carcinogenic factor in LUAD since it is highly expressed and DYNLL1 upregulation is associated with the low overall survival rate of LUAD patients.

Breviane Spiroditerpenoids with Anti-inflammatory and Antiviral Activities from Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus sp. F59.

Twelve new breviane spiroditerpenoids, namely, chrysobreviones A-L (-), together with seven structurally related analogues (-) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the fermented cultures of deep-sea-derived fungus sp. F59. These structures including absolute configurations were resolved on the basis of extensive analysis of NMR spectroscopic data and HRESIMS, in association with experimental and calculated ECD data as well as the modified Mosher's method.

Management and prognostic prediction of pyogenic liver abscess in a Chinese tertiary hospital: Percutaneous needle aspiration vs catheter drainage.

Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a serious infectious disease with high mortality. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy of percutaneous needle aspiration (PNA) and percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) for PLA and to assess risk factors for unfavorable prognosis. This retrospective study was performed between 2017 to 2019 in a Chinese tertiary care hospital.

Enhancing image reconstruction in photoacoustic imaging using spatial coherence mean-to-standard-deviation factor beamforming.

In photoacoustic imaging (PAI), a delay-and-sum (DAS) beamforming reconstruction algorithm is widely used due to its ease of implementation and fast execution. However, it is plagued by issues such as high sidelobe artifacts and low contrast, that significantly hinder the ability to differentiate various structures in the reconstructed images. In this study, we propose an adaptive weighting factor called spatial coherence mean-to-standard deviation factor (scMSF) in DAS, which is extended into the spatial frequency domain.