Mutation of lysine-specific demethylase 5 is associated with enhanced tumor immunity and favorable outcomes in pan-cancer immune checkpoint blockade.

The lysine-specific demethylase 5 (KDM5) family, a key post-translational modification of chromatin, can shape tumor immune microenvironment. Here, we performed an extensive clinical and bioinformatic analysis to explore the association between KDM5 mutation and tumor immunity and its impact on the outcomes in pan-cancer immunotherapy. In 2943 patients across 12 tumor types treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, KDM5-mutant tumors were associated with favorable overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.

Knockdown of RASD1 improves MASLD progression by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Background: There is still no reliable therapeutic targets and effective pharmacotherapy for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). RASD1 is short for Ras-related dexamethasone-induced 1, a pivotal factor in various metabolism processes of Human. However, the role of RASD1 remains poorly illustrated in MASLD.

Association between the geriatric nutritional risk index and postoperative delirium in gastric surgery patients: an analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: This study explores the correlation between nutritional status, as determined by the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) in patients undergoing gastric surgery.

Methods: Data were obtained from the MIMIC-IV 2.2 database for patients aged 18 years or older who underwent gastric surgery.

Association of triglyceride glucose-body mass index and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with IgA nephropathy: a retrospective study.

Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most prevalent forms of glomerulonephritis worldwide, particularly affecting 40-50% of the East Asian population. Cardiovascular mortality represents a leading cause of death in patients with IgAN. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) serves as a predictor of heart failure and cardiovascular mortality.

Clinical effectiveness of unilateral single-armed vasoepididymostomy in obstructive azoospermia: a single-center experience.

Background: Vasoepididymostomy (VE) is an important surgical treatment to achieve natural conception for patients with obstructive azoospermia (OA), and only unilateral VE can be performed under certain conditions, such as OA patients with congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens (CUAVD) and some acquired OA. There is a lack of relevant reports assessing the clinical outcomes of unilateral VE in OA patients with different causes. This study is aimed to describe the clinical features and evaluate treatments and outcomes of unilateral single-armed VE in OA patients.

Model based on ultrasound and clinicopathological characteristics for early prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

Background: Accurate assessment of pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer (BC) is crucial for mitigating chemotherapy-related toxicity in patients who do not respond to the treatment. Conventional ultrasound (US) has become a pivotal method for evaluating treatment response due to its cost-effectiveness, convenience, and absence of ionizing radiation. The objective of this study was to develop a model combining US and clinicopathological characteristics at baseline, as well as US features after one cycle of NAC, to predict the pCR to NAC in BC.

Deep learning-based low count whole-body positron emission tomography denoising incorporating computed tomography priors.

Background: Deep-learning-based denoising improves image quality and quantification accuracy for low count (LC) positron emission tomography (PET). Conventional deep-learning-based denoising methods only require single LC PET image input. This study aims to propose a deep-learning-based LC PET denoising method incorporating computed tomography (CT) priors to further reduce the dose level.

Hepatocyte HIF-2α Aggravates NAFLD by Inducing Ferroptosis through Increasing Extracellular Iron.

Recent research has illuminated the pivotal role of the hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) / peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) pathway in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression. Meanwhile, HIF-2α was reported that involved in iron regulation, and aberrant iron distribution derived liver lipogenesis. Therefore, we hypothesize that HIF-2a exacerbates fatty liver by affecting iron distribution.

The influence between plaque rupture and non-plaque rupture on clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Coronary atherosclerosis can lead to acute clinical events upon atherosclerotic plaque rupture (PR) or erosion and arterial thrombus formation. Identifying the effect of distinct plaque characteristics on clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is critical for clinical therapy. Our goal was to ascertain the correlation between clinical outcome, long-term prognosis, and morphological plaque characteristics in STEMI.

Endothelial Metabolic Insulin Resistance, A Descriptive Review.

Cardiovascular complications are a primary focus in the clinical management of type 2 diabetes, as they are the leading causes of disability and mortality in individuals with diabetes. Insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction commonly coexist in diabetic patients. An increasing body of research indicates a reciprocal and interconnected association between endothelial function and insulin resistance.

Gut Microbiota, Circulating Metabolites and Risk of Endometriosis: A Two-Step Mendelian Randomization Study.

Epidemiological studies and animal models have suggested a possible link between gut microbiota (GM), circulating metabolites, and endometriosis (EMs) pathogenesis. However, whether these associations are causal or merely due to confounding factors remains unclear. We conducted a two-sample and two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) study to elucidate the potential causal relationship between GM and EMs, and the mediating role of circulating metabolites.

FFA intervention on LO2 cells mediates SNX-10 synthesis and regulates MMP9 secretion in LX2 cells via TGF-β1.

Background: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a public health concern. Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) plays an important regulatory role in multiple MAFLD stages, as it can promote the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and promote liver fibrosis. Sorting nexin protein-10 (SNX-10) may be involved in the occurrence and development of fatty liver disease.

High frequency of melanoma in /.

Melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer characterized by high therapy resistance, has undergone extensive investigation through the utilization of BRAF-driven melanoma animal models. However, there exists a paucity of animal models for the rare hereditary melanoma resulting from germline mutations. Here, employing CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated on a knockout background to model human germline mutation-induced hereditary melanoma.

The causality between gut microbiota and endometriosis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies and animal experiments had suggested a potential relationship between gut microbiota abundance and pathogenesis of endometriosis (EMs), but the relevance of this relationship remains to be clarified.

Methods: We perform a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore whether there is a causal correlation between the abundance of the gut microbiota and EMs and the direction of causality. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data ukb-d-N80, finn-b-N14-EM, and MiBinGen were selected.

PGAM5 promotes RIPK1-PANoptosome activity by phosphorylating and activating RIPK1 to mediate PANoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.

Neuronal death plays a crucial role in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). PANoptosis is a programmed form of cell death regulated by the PANoptosome, which possesses key characteristics of pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis. Phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 (PGAM5) has specific phosphatase activity that phosphorylates or dephosphorylates serine and threonine residues on bound proteins such as receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), which are involved in programmed cell death.

Higher Expression of Ku80 and Ku70 Indicates Hotter Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Better CTL-Centered Immunotherapy.

Purpose: Both Ku80 and Ku70 are promising drug targets for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and crucial for immune regulation. However, their correlation with HCC immune signatures has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between Ku80, Ku70, and immune signatures in HCC and validate their significance in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) immunotherapy.

Disulfiram-loaded nanovesicles hydrogel promotes healing of diabetic wound.

Background: Traditional methods for treating diabetic wounds are limited in effectiveness because of their long healing times, the risk of immune rejection, and susceptibility to infection. Suppressing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is an effective strategy for reducing persistent inflammation in diabetic wounds. Although disulfiram (DSF) can inhibit the significant increase of NETs in diabetic wounds, oral DSF suffers from rapid and harmful metabolism in the liver.

Stress hyperglycemia is associated with early neurologic deterioration in patients with acute ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis without hemorrhagic transformation.

Background: This aimed to elucidate the impact of stress hyperglycemia on early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute non-cardiogenic cerebral infarction who did not experience hemorrhagic transformation following intravenous thrombolysis to identify risk factors associated with END.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study analyzed data from consecutive patients who received intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) without hemorrhagic transformation at the Stroke Center of The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to February 2023. END was defined as an increase of more than 2 points on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) within 7 days of admission.

Clinical and Genomic Phenotype of Brain Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Brain metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rare but poor prognosis clinical problem. This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics and identify the genomic profiling of nasopharyngeal carcinoma brain metastasis. Patients with a diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma who visited at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University since January 2013 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected.

Efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in symptomatic intracranial and vertebral artery stenosis: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aims to present the first comprehensive meta-analysis assessing the effectiveness and safety of drug-eluting stents (DES) versus bare-metal stents (BMS) in treating intracranial and vertebral artery stenosis.

Methods: A comprehensive examination was undertaken to compare the effectiveness and safety of DES and BMS in individuals experiencing symptomatic stenosis in the intracranial and vertebral arteries through an in-depth analysis of clinical research. We conducted an extensive search across multiple databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to September 2024.

Ultrasonic renal length as an indicator of renal fibrosis severity in non-diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Debate continues regarding the potential of the ultrasonic renal length to serve as an indicator for evaluating the advancement of renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study investigates the independent association between renal length and renal fibrosis in non-diabetic CKD patients and assesses its diagnostic performance.

Methods: From April 2019 to December 2021, 144 non-diabetic patients diagnosed with CKD who underwent a renal ultrasound examination and kidney biopsy were prospectively enrolled.

Lactylation and Ischemic Stroke: Research Progress and Potential Relationship.

Ischemic stroke is caused by interrupted cerebral blood flow and is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Significant advancements have been achieved in comprehending the pathophysiology of stroke and the fundamental mechanisms responsible for ischemic damage. Lactylation, as a newly discovered post-translational modification, has been reported to participate in several physiological and pathological processes.