Associations Between Serum Selenium and Bone Mineral Density in 8-19-year-old children and adolescents: NHANES 2013-2018.

The peak bone mass (PBM) in puberty has been proven to be a critical determinant of osteoporosis and brittle fractures in the elderly. Selenium is an essential trace element that could influence bone metabolism in our bodies. However, no study has investigated the impact of selenium status on bone mineral density (BMD) among children and adolescents.

The impact of multidisciplinary team nutrition management on nutritional and toxicity status in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the impact of multidisciplinary team (MDT) nutrition management on the nutritional and toxicity status of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: A total of 104 patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma admitted to our hospital from July 2018 to February 2021 were retrospectively enrolled, including who received conventional nutrition management (the routine group,  ​= ​52) and who received MDT nutrition management (the experimental group,  ​= ​52). Nutritional indicators (dietary intake, body mass index, serum albumin, serum prealbumin, hemoglobin, total lymphocyte count, serum transferrin [TRF]), the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) score and acute toxicity level were recorded before, during, and after chemoradiotherapy.

Associations between socioeconomic status and stroke in American adults: A population-based study.

Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease that can lead to disability and death. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and stroke. SES was evaluated by two variables: poverty to income ratio (PIR) and education level.

CRISPR screen identifies GATAD1 as a synthetic lethal target with CDK4/6 inhibitors in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Estrogen receptor-positive (ER) breast cancer represents approximately two-thirds of all breast cancers and has a sustained risk of late disease recurrence. Combining cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors with anti-estrogen therapies significantly improves ER advanced breast cancer clinical outcomes. Despite promising clinical outcomes, intrinsic or acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors has limited their success.

Target delivery of a PD-1-TREM2 scFv by CAR-T cells enhances anti-tumor efficacy in colorectal cancer.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) -T cell therapy is an efficient therapeutic strategy for specific hematologic malignancies. However, positive outcomes of this novel therapy in treating solid tumors are curtailed by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), wherein signaling of the checkpoint programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 directly inhibits T-cell responses. Although checkpoint-targeted immunotherapy succeeds in increasing the number of T cells produced to control tumor growth, the desired effect is mitigated by the action of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the TME.

Consistency of transesophageal echocardiography and angiography in grading paravalvular regurgitation during transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Background: The Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 (VARC-3) standardizes the classification criteria and Doppler parameters for paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) by echocardiography. However, the consistency between transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and angiography in grading (using the VARC-3 criteria) of PVR during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is unclear.

Methods: Forty-six patients who underwent TEE and angiography during TAVR were retrospectively included.

Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of an anti-LAG-3 antibody SHR-1802 in patients with advanced solid tumors: a phase I dose-escalation and dose-expansion study.

Background: Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), a checkpoint molecule contributing to immune suppressive microenvironment, is regarded as a promising target in cancer treatment. SHR-1802 is a novel anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibody.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity of SHR-1802.

WBP2 restrains the lysosomal degradation of GPX4 to inhibit ferroptosis in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.

Cisplatin is one of the major causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in clinical practice, and ferroptosis is an essential form of cell death in cisplatin-induced AKI (CP-AKI). WW domain binding protein-2 (WBP2), a molecular chaperon, is involved in the progression of various malignancies, but its role in renal injuries has not been investigated. Our present study employed bioinformatics analysis to identify WBP2 as a potential modulator of AKI and ferroptosis.

Smad3 Mediates Diabetic Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver in db/db Mice by Targeting PPARδ.

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad3 signaling has been shown to play important roles in fibrotic and inflammatory diseases. However, the role of Smad3 in dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in type 2 diabetes remains unclear, and whether targeting Smad3 has a therapeutic effect on these metabolic abnormalities remains unexplored. These topics were investigated in this study in Smad3 knockout (KO)- mice and by treating mice with a Smad3-specific inhibitor SIS3.

TREM-2 Drives Development of Multiple Sclerosis by Promoting Pathogenic Th17 Polarization.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory demyelinating disease, mediated by pathogenic T helper 17 (Th17) cells. However, the therapeutic effect is accompanied by the fluctuation of the proportion and function of Th17 cells, which prompted us to find the key regulator of Th17 differentiation in MS. Here, we demonstrated that the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2), a modulator of pattern recognition receptors on innate immune cells, was highly expressed on pathogenic CD4-positive T lymphocyte (CD4 T) cells in both patients with MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse models.

Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate relieves oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via NRF2 signaling pathway.

Cisplatin is an efficient chemotherapeutic agent for various solid tumors, but its usage is restricted by nephrotoxicity. A single dose of cisplatin can cause acute kidney injury (AKI), which is characterized by rapid reduction in kidney function. However, the current therapies, such as hydration, are limited.

Association between urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolites and stroke in American adults: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES, 2009-2014.

This study investigates the potential correlation between urinary caffeine levels and the occurrence of stroke, a serious cerebrovascular disease that can lead to disability or death. The data used in this study was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2009 and 2014. The study analyzed a total of 5,339 individuals, divided into a control group (n = 5,135) and a stroke group (n = 162).

Efficacy of recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor to reduce hemorrhage after cervical loop electrosurgical excision procedure.

Objective: It has been reported that recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rbFGF) may possess possible biological functions in promoting the process of wound healing. Consequently, our study aimed to investigate the hemostatic effect of topically applied rbFGF in patients who underwent a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we meticulously examined clinicopathologic data from a cohort of 90 patients who underwent LEEP at our institution between 2020 and 2021.

Evaluating AI rib fracture detections using follow-up CT scans.

Purpose: This study compares the results of Artificial Intelligence (AI) diagnosis of rib fractures using initial CT and follow-up CT as the final diagnostic criteria, and studies AI-assisted diagnosis in improving the detection rate of rib fractures.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 113 patients who underwent initial and follow-up CT scans due to trauma. The initial and follow-up CT were used as diagnostic criteria, respectively.

DDX24 Is Essential for Cell Cycle Regulation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells During Vascular Development via Binding to FANCA mRNA.

Background: The DEAD-box family is essential for tumorigenesis and embryogenesis. Previously, we linked the malfunction of DDX (DEAD-box RNA helicase)-24 to a special type of vascular malformation. Here, we aim to investigate the function of DDX24 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and embryonic vascular development.

Network pharmacology analysis of Icariside II against bladder cancer.

As a global health threat, bladder cancer (BC) is a common urological disease characterized by a high risk of progression and recurrence. Icariside II (ICA-II), a flavonol glycoside, exhibits antitumor ability in various tumors. However, there is no systematic study exploring the pharmacological mechanism of ICA-II in BC.

A high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of eight anti-tumor drugs in plasma.

Rapidly developing UHPLC-MS/MS bioassays with high throughput and quality are challenging yet desired in routine clinics. METHODS & RESULTS: A high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS bioassay has been built for simultaneously quantifying gefitinib, ruxolitinib, dasatinib, imatinib, ibrutinib, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel. After the protein precipitation with methanol, samples were separated on an Acquity BEH C column following a gradient elution system with methanol and 2 mM ammonium acetate in water at 40 °C with a run time of 3 min (flow rate 0.

The applications and techniques of organoids in head and neck cancer therapy.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is one of the most common cancers on the planet, with approximately 600,000 new cases diagnosed and 300,000 deaths every year. Research into the biological basis of HNC has advanced slowly over the past decades, which has made it difficult to develop new, more effective treatments. The patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are made from patient tumor cells, resembling the features of their tumors, which are high-fidelity models for studying cancer biology and designing new precision medicine therapies.

A pilot study of anlotinib with third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in untreated -mutant patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: In recent years, osimertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), has been recommended as a first-line treatment for -mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A phase III study (AENEAS) to assess the efficacy and safety of aumolertinib, another third-generation EGFR-TKI, gefitinib as a first-line treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC harboring mutations has also achieved positive results. Despite the improvements in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of third- first-generation EGFR-TKIs, combined treatment strategies to postpone drug resistance and further prolong survival benefits remain to be explored.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy in pediatric patients with stage III-IVa nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a real-world propensity score-matched cohort study.

Objectives: To compare neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) to CCRT alone in children and adolescents (age ≤ 18 years) with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CA-LANPC, stage III-IVA).

Materials And Methods: 195 CA-LANPC patients who were treated through CCRT with or without NAC between 2008 and 2018 were enrolled in this study. A matched cohort composed of CCRT patients and NAC-CCRT patients was generated by propensity score matching (PSM) at a 1:2 ratio.

Association between vaginal microbiota and the progression of ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancers, especially high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), are one of the most lethal age-independent gynecologic malignancies. Although pathogenic microorganisms have been demonstrated to participate in the pathogenesis of multiple types of tumors, their potential roles in the development of ovarian cancer remain unclear. To gain an insight into the microbiome-associated pathogenesis of ovarian cancer and identify potential diagnostic biomarkers, we applied different techniques to analyse the microbiome and serum metabolome of different resources.

A lipid metabolism-related gene signature reveals dynamic immune infiltration of the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

Background: Lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) have been reported to be correlated with the immune infiltration of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the immune infiltration characteristics along the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence (ACS) based on LMRGs.

Methods: Gene expression data of colorectal adenoma and carcinoma samples were obtained from the public databases.

Modified Laparoscopic Anatomic Hepatectomy: Two-Surgeon Technique Combined with the Simple Extracorporeal Pringle Maneuver.

Laparoscopic anatomic hepatectomy (LAH) has become increasingly prevalent worldwide in recent years. However, LAH remains a challenging procedure due to the anatomical characteristics of the liver, with intraoperative hemorrhage being a primary concern. Intraoperative blood loss is the leading cause of conversion to open surgery; therefore, effective management of bleeding and hemostasis is crucial for a successful LAH.

Protection of Barrier Function in Cultured Human Corneal Epithelial Cells by Semaphorin 4D.

Purpose: Corneal epithelial barrier function is important to maintain corneal homeostasis and is impaired by inflammation. We aimed to investigate the localization of semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) in the cornea, and its effects on the barrier function of cultured corneal epithelial cells.

Methods: The expressions of semaphorin4 D and its receptor in the murine cornea were examined by immunoblot, immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy observations.

Association between caffeine consumption and bone mineral density in children and adolescent: Observational and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Coffee is the most commonly consumed beverage among children and adolescences. Caffeine was demonstrated to be associated with bone metabolism. However, the relationship between caffeine intake and BMD in children and adolescents remains unclear.