Metabolite concentrations and the expression profiles of the corresponding metabolic pathway genes in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) fruits of contrasting colors.

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) ranks fifth in importance among vegetable crops of the Solanaceae family, in part due to the high antioxidant properties and polyphenol content of the fruit. Along with the popular purple-fruited varieties of S.

N-linked glycosylation affects catalytic parameters and fluctuation of the active center of Aspergillus awamori exo-inulinase.

Heterogeneous expression of enzymes allows large-scale production with reduced costs. Changes in glycosylation often occur due to changes in the expression host. In the study, the catalytic and biochemical properties of Aspergillus awamori exo-inulinase 1 are compared for A.

A New Method for Obtaining Monospecies and Binary Cultures of Staphylococcus spp. in Alginate Gel and the Study of the Action of Active Compounds on These Cultures on the Example of Catecholamines.

A simple and efficient method for obtaining monospecies and binary Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis cultures in sodium alginate gel matrix mimicking the natural microenvironment of the nasal cavity was proposed. The cultures were used for studying the effect of norepinephrine on monospecies and binary communities of two types of bacteria, S. aureus (invasive strain) and S.

Isolation and complete genome sequence of bacteriophage Gekk3-15.

Bacteria of the genus , especially and are recognized as important fish pathogens that cause significant economic losses in aquaculture. Environmentally friendly bacteriophage-based solutions for the treatment of fish and for the reduction of colonization by pathogenic bacteria in production facilities are currently in high demand. The bacteriophage Gekk3-15 was isolated during a search for novel phage strains potentially suitable for biocontrol applications.

Dynamic features of virus protein 1 and substitutions in the 3-phenyl ring determine the potency and broad-spectrum activity of capsid-binding pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines against rhinoviruses.

Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines represent one potent class of well tolerated and highly active rhinovirus (RV) inhibitors that act as capsid binders. The lead compound OBR-5-340 inhibits a broad-spectrum of RVs. Aiming to improve lead activity, we evaluated the impact of structural modifications in the 3-phenyl ring of OBR-5-340 on its potency and spectrum of anti-RV activity vitro.

Structural Basis for Evasion of New SARS-CoV-2 Variants from the Potent Virus-Neutralizing Nanobody Targeting the S-Protein Receptor-Binding Domain.

COVID-19 has caused millions of deaths and many times more infections worldwide, emphasizing the unpreparedness of the global health system in the face of new infections and the key role for vaccines and therapeutics, including virus-neutralizing antibodies, in prevention and containment of the disease. Continuous evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has been causing its new variants to evade the action of the immune system, which highlighted the importance of detailed knowledge of the epitopes of already selected potent virus-neutralizing antibodies. A single-chain antibody ("nanobody") targeting the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD), clone P2C5, had exhibited robust virus-neutralizing activity against all SARS-CoV-2 variants and, being a major component of the anti-COVID-19 formulation "GamCoviMab", had successfully passed Phase I of clinical trials.

Circadian Regulation of Expression of Carotenoid Metabolism Genes (PSY2, LCYE, CrtRB1, and NCED1) in Leaves of Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L.

The circadian dynamics of the expression of key genes of carotenoid metabolism (PSY2, LCYE, CrtRB1, and NCED1) in the photosynthetic tissue of tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. (cultivar Korneevsky) plants was characterized. An in silico analysis of the gene expression pattern was carried out and a high level of their transcripts was detected in the leaf tissue.

Molecular mechanism of thiocyanate dehydrogenase at atomic resolution.

Some sulfur-oxidizing bacteria playing an important role in global geochemical cycles utilize thiocyanate as the sole source of energy and nitrogen. In these bacteria the process of thiocyanate into cyanate conversion is mediated by thiocyanate dehydrogenases - a recently discovered family of copper-containing enzymes with the three‑copper active site unique among the other copper proteins. To get a deeper insight into the structure and molecular mechanism of action of thiocyanate dehydrogenases we isolated, purified, and comprehensively characterized an enzyme from the bacterium Pelomicrobium methylotrophicum.

Photoinactivation of and by Near-Infrared Radiation Using a Trehalose-Conjugated Heptamethine Cyanine.

The spread of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium strains requires the development of new approaches to combat diseases caused by these pathogens. For that, photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a promising approach. In this study, a tricarbocyanine (TCC) is used for the first time as a near-infrared (740 nm) activatable PDI photosensitizer to kill mycobacteria with deep light penetration.

Molecular Basis of Influence of A501X Mutations in Penicillin-Binding Protein 2 of Strain 35/02 on Ceftriaxone Resistance.

The increase in the resistance of mutant strains of to the antibiotic ceftriaxone is pronounced in the decrease in the second-order acylation rate constant, k/K, by penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2). These changes can be caused by both the decrease in the acylation rate constant, k, and the weakening of the binding affinity, i.e.

The novel drug candidate VOMG kills Mycobacterium abscessus and other pathogens by inhibiting cell division.

Aims: The incidence of lung infections is increasing worldwide in individuals suffering from cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mycobacterium abscessus is associated with chronic lung deterioration in these populations. The intrinsic resistance of M.

Saturation Mutagenesis and Molecular Modeling: The Impact of Methionine 182 Substitutions on the Stability of β-Lactamase TEM-1.

Serine β-lactamase TEM-1 is the first β-lactamase discovered and is still common in Gram-negative pathogens resistant to β-lactam antibiotics. It hydrolyzes penicillins and cephalosporins of early generations. Some of the emerging TEM-1 variants with one or several amino acid substitutions have even broader substrate specificity and resistance to known covalent inhibitors.

A critical appraisal of ferroptosis in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease: new insights into emerging mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

Neurodegenerative diseases represent a pressing global health challenge, and the identification of novel mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis is of utmost importance. Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This review delves into the discovery of ferroptosis, the critical players involved, and their intricate role in the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration, with an emphasis on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

Polyamines putrescine and spermidine as modulators of protein aggregation rate: The effect on DTT-induced aggregation of α-lactalbumin.

Protein aggregation is undesirable for cells due to its possible toxicity, and is also undesirable in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. Polyamines are known to be capable of both suppressing and stimulating protein aggregation. In the present work polyamines (spermidine, putrescine) have been shown to alter the pathway of α-lactalbumin aggregation induced by dithiothreitol, leading to the formation of larger protein particles during the initial stages of aggregation and promoting the later stage of sticking of aggregates.

Single-point substitution F97M leads to in cellulo crystallization of the biphotochromic protein moxSAASoti.

To enhance the photoconversion performance of biphotochromic moxSAASoti protein, a substitution F97 M was introduced. In addition to enhancing the target properties, this substitution also resulted in the crystallization of the recombinant protein within living HeLa cells (also referred to as in cellulo crystallization). The phenomenon of protein crystallization in living cells is not unique, yet the mechanisms and application of in cellulo crystallization remain significant for further research.

Mass Spectrometry of Collagen-Containing Allogeneic Human Bone Tissue Material.

The current paper highlights the active development of tissue engineering in the field of the biofabrication of living tissue analogues through 3D-bioprinting technology. The implementation of the latter is impossible without important products such as bioinks and their basic components, namely, hydrogels. In this regard, tissue engineers are searching for biomaterials to produce hydrogels with specified properties both in terms of their physical, mechanical and chemical properties and in terms of local biological effects following implantation into an organism.

A highly specific aptamer for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from the authentic strain.

DNA aptamers are oligonucleotides that specifically bind to target molecules, similar to how antibodies bind to antigens. We identified an aptamer named MEZ that is highly specific to the receptor-binding domain, RBD, of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain. The SELEX procedure was utilized to enrich the initial 31-mer oligonucleotide library with the target aptamer.

Metagenomic evidence of a novel anammox community in a cold aquifer with high nitrogen pollution.

The process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation by nitrite (anammox) is a globally essential part of N cycle. To date, 8 Candidatus genera and more than 22 species of anammox bacteria have been discovered in various anthropogenic and natural habitats, including nitrogen-polluted aquifers. In this work, anammox bacteria were detected for the first time in the groundwater ecosystem with high anthropogenic nitrogen pollution (up to 1760 mg NO-N/L and 280 mg NH-N/L) and low year-round temperature (7-8 °C) in the zone of a uranium sludge repository.

Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of biofilms and planktonic cultures in presence of epinephrine.

Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis were performed on 72 h biofilms of the acneic strain and planktonic cultures in the presence of epinephrine. Epinephrine predominantly downregulated genes associated with various transporter proteins. No correlation was found between proteomic and transcriptomic profiles.

Enhanced thermophilic high-solids anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste with spatial separation from conductive materials in a single reactor volume.

Despite benefits such as lower water and working volume requirements, thermophilic high solids anaerobic digestion (THSAD) often fails due to the rapid build-up of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and the associated drop in pH. Use of conductive materials (CM) can promote THSAD through stimulation of direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET), while the need for their constant dosing due to poor separation from effluent impairs economic feasibility. This study used an approach of spatially separating magnetite and granular activated carbon (GAC) from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) in a single reactor for THSAD.

Efficacy of macozinone in mice with genetically diverse susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Host heterogeneity in pulmonary tuberculosis leads to varied responses to infection and drug treatment. The present portfolio of anti-TB drugs needs to be boosted with new drugs and drug regimens. Macozinone, a clinical-stage molecule targeting the essential enzyme, DprE1, represents an attractive option.

Modulating mycobacterial envelope integrity for antibiotic synergy with benzothiazoles.

Developing effective tuberculosis drugs is hindered by mycobacteria's intrinsic antibiotic resistance because of their impermeable cell envelope. Using benzothiazole compounds, we aimed to increase mycobacterial cell envelope permeability and weaken the defenses of , serving as a model for Initial hit, BT-08, significantly boosted ethidium bromide uptake, indicating enhanced membrane permeability. It also demonstrated efficacy in the -zebrafish embryo infection model and -infected macrophages.