Chinese expert consensus on sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2024 edition).

Up to half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which effective treatment options are lacking, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over the past few years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy has proven highly efficacious in treating advanced HCC, significantly extending patients' survival and providing a potential for sequential curative surgery. After sequential curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation following conversion therapy, patients can receive long-term survival benefits.

Unraveling the Heterogeneity of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by SingleCell RNA Sequencing and its Implications for Prognosis and Therapeutic Response.

Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) has become a new hotspot in cancer research over the past few years. Tumor immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is especially intriguing as HCC is reported to be highly heterogeneous by previous genomic and cytological studies. It is also closely related to patient prognosis and therapeutic outcome.

Developing Single-Atomic Manganese Nanozymes for Synergistic Mild Photothermal/Multienzymatic Therapy.

Synergistic mild photothermal/nanozyme therapy with outstanding hyperthermia performance and excellent multienzyme properties is highly needed for osteosarcoma treatment. Herein, we have developed efficient single-atom nanozymes (SANs) consisting of Mn sites atomically dispersed on nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets (denoted as Mn-SANs) for synergistic mild photothermal/multienzymatic therapy against osteosarcoma. Benefiting from their black N-doped carbon nanosheet matrices, Mn-SANs showed an excellent NIR-II-triggered photothermal effect.

The ryanodine receptor mutational characteristics and its indication for cancer prognosis.

Ca signaling is altered substantially in many cancers. The ryanodine receptors (RYRs) are among the key ion channels in Ca signaling. This study aimed to establish the mutational profile of RYR in cancers and investigate the correlation between RYR alterations and cancer phenotypes.

Comprehensive characterization of CRC with germline mutations reveals a distinct somatic mutational landscape and elevated cancer risk in the Chinese population.

Objective: Hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for approximately 5%-10% of all CRC cases. The full profile of CRC-related germline mutations and the corresponding somatic mutational profile have not been fully determined in the Chinese population.

Methods: We performed the first population study investigating the germline mutation status in more than 1,000 ( = 1,923) Chinese patients with CRC and examined their relationship with the somatic mutational landscape.

Intra-Tumor Heterogeneity of Colorectal Cancer Necessitates the Multi-Regional Sequencing for Comprehensive Mutational Profiling.

Background: The panorama and details of quantitative intratumor heterogeneity have not been fully investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with solitary lesion without distal metastasis, and its influences on sequencing interpretation and therapeutic strategies have not been explored.

Methods: Cancer tissues and matched blood from 70 sporadic CRC patients were collected and were divided into two cohorts. Four individual tissue biopsies were obtained from each of the 47 patients (multi-sample cohort).

Response Stratification in the First-Line Combined Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma at Genomic, Transcriptional and Immune Repertoire Levels.

Background: Immunotherapy combined with VEGF inhibitor has become the new first-line therapy for advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the biomarkers for response and prognosis stratification of HCC first-line combined immunotherapy have not been clarified.

Methods: Here, we obtained the genomic alteration data from pre-therapeutic samples of 103 HCC patients using a 605-gene NGS test, and obtained the transcriptional and T cell receptor (TCR) diversity data from 18 patients who underwent the first-line combined immunotherapy using RNAseq and TCR sequencing, respectively.

Comprehensive methylation profile of CSF cfDNA revealed pathogenesis and diagnostic markers for early-onset Parkinson's disease.

Early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) is one uncommon Parkinson's disease subtype with characteristic clinicopathological features. The full epigenomic profile of EOPD is largely unknown. We performed the first study to investigate the EOPD full methylation profile of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from 26 EOPD patients and 10 control patients.

Psychological Responses of the Patients in Cabin Hospital to the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Comparative Epidemiologic Analysis.

The building of cabin hospitals in Wuhan has been proven to be clinically successful in curing mild-symptom COVID-19 patients shortly after the outbreak of COVID-19 in late 2019. At the same time, the psychological effect of patients being treated in cabin hospitals and the features of the psychological status of the whole society remained ambiguous. This study adopted a self-administrated questionnaire to investigate the stress, depression, and anxiety status of patients in cabin hospitals ( = 212) and healthy participants outside of Hubei province ( = 221) in a population level from February 29 to March 01, 2020.

Mutational Profile Evaluates Response and Survival to First-Line Chemotherapy in Lung Cancer.

Evaluating the therapeutic response and survival of lung cancer patients receiving first-line chemotherapy has always been difficult. Limited biomarkers for evaluation exist and as a result histology represents an empiric tool to guide therapeutic decision making. In this study, molecular signatures associated with response and long-term survival of lung cancer patients receiving first-line chemotherapy are discovered.

Establishment of Criteria for Molecular Differential Diagnosis of MPLC and IPM.

Backgrounds: Differential diagnosis of multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) and intrapulmonary metastasis (IPM) is one difficulty in lung cancer diagnosis, and crucial for establishment of treatment strategies and prognosis prediction. This study aims to establish the criteria for molecular differential diagnosis of synchronous MPLC and IPM by the next-generation sequencing (NGS) method.

Methods: Training cohort included 30 synchronous MPLC (67 samples) patients and 5 synchronous IPM (13 samples) patients with adenocarcinoma.

The mutational landscape and prognostic indicators of pseudomyxoma peritonei originating from the ovary.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disorder with unique pathological and genetic changes. Although several studies have reported the clinical features and mutational changes of PMP that originates from the appendix, few studies on PMP originating from the ovary have been reported due to its extreme rarity. In order to characterize the somatic mutational landscape and to investigate the prognosis predicting factors of ovary-originating PMP, we examined 830 cases of PMP and identified 16 patients with PMP that originated from the ovary.

Opportunistic screening and survival prediction of digestive cancers by the combination of blood with protein markers.

Background: The early detection of digestive cancers and precancerous diseases remains a significant challenge. This study aimed to investigate the performance of the blood methylated () assay, and the combination of this assay with serum protein markers, in hospital-based opportunistic screening strategies for digestive cancers.

Methods: Opportunistic screening was performed in the participating hospitals on outpatients and inpatients who met specific inclusion criteria.

ctDNA Concentration, MIKI67 Mutations and Hyper-Progressive Disease Related Gene Mutations Are Prognostic Markers for Camrelizumab and Apatinib Combined Multiline Treatment in Advanced NSCLC.

Immunotherapy by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has showed outstanding efficacy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The combination of immunotherapy with anti-angiogenic therapy exhibited enhanced efficacy in multiline treatment. However, the potential biomarkers for predicting and monitoring the therapeutic response of the combined therapy remain undefined.

The contribution of hereditary cancer-related germline mutations to lung cancer susceptibility.

Background: Germline variations may contribute to lung cancer susceptibility besides environmental factors. The influence of germline mutations on lung cancer susceptibility and their correlation with somatic mutations has not been systematically investigated.

Methods: In this study, germline mutations from 1,026 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were analyzed with a 58-gene next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel containing known hereditary cancer-related genes, and were categorized based on American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines in pathogenicity, and the corresponding somatic mutations were analyzed using a 605-gene NGS panel containing known cancer-related genes.

Identification of a novel germline frameshift mutation p.D300fs of PMS1 in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: PMS1 is one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes with potential crucial roles in carcinogenesis. Very few reports have been identified on germline PMS1 mutations with definite disease phenotype. Here we report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a novel potential pathogenic germline PMS1 mutation.

Comprehensive analysis of POLE and POLD1 Gene Variations identifies cancer patients potentially benefit from immunotherapy in Chinese population.

POLE/POLD1 gene variants have been suggested as potential markers for immunotherapy due to their significant association with the tumor mutational burden (TMB), an effective indicator for response prediction in immunotherapy. However, the correlation of POLE/POLD1 variants with MSI, MMR, TMB, MMR-related and key driver gene mutations needs to be defined to support patient recruitment and therapeutic effect assessment in immunotherapy. 1,392 Chinese cancer patients were recruited, and the correlation of POLE/POLD1 variants with existing immunotherapeutic markers and cancer pathways was investigated.

Local and abscopal responses in advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with low TMB, MSS, pMMR and negative PD-L1 expression following combined therapy of SBRT with PD-1 blockade.

Background: Late-stage or recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients exhibit poor prognosis due to limited sensitivity to chemotherapy or radiotherapy and coexistence of multiple lesions. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade provides a therapeutic opportunity for patients with high tumor mutation burden (TMB), high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) and/or positive programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. However, it is currently believed that patients with low TMB, microsatellite stable (MSS), proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) or negative PD-L1 expression are less likely to benefit from PD-1 blockade.

The is capable of assessing the therapeutic effect and predicting the prognosis of stage IV lung cancer.

Background: Instant monitoring of the therapeutic effect of systematic therapy in late-stage lung cancer is crucial for response assessment and strategy adjustment. Previous study found that specific plasma methylation markers may be applied to therapeutic effect assessment. In order to investigate the performance of plasma in assessing the therapeutic effect and predicting the prognosis of stage IV lung cancer, we performed the study focusing on patients underwent chemotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-based targeted therapy.

[Design and application of a medical bed and its bedside angle measuring device].

Patient position management is an important work in clinical treatment. In clinic, it is necessary to adjust the corresponding patient's position according to the characteristics of the patient's condition. The appropriate patient's position plays an important role in treating the disease, alleviating the severity of symptoms and preventing the complications in the critical patients.

[Design and application of a pulmonary function exercise bottle].

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a severe respiratory disease characterized by airway obstruction with high mortality and rate of recurrence. Rehabilitation exercise can lessen the possibility of the progressive exacerbation of the patient's condition, exerting an active role in improving their lung function and the quality of the patients' life. Therefore, we have designed a lung function exercise bottle, which is capable of adjusting the pressure according to the patient's needs.