Prediction of EGFR mutation status and its subtypes in non-small cell lung cancer based on 18F-FDG PET/CT radiological features.

Purpose: Prediction of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status and subtypes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) radiomics features.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 201 NSCLC patients with 18F-FDG PET/CT and EGFR genetic testing was carried out. Radiomics features and clinical factors were used to construct a combined model for identifying EGFR mutation status.

COVID-19 Vaccination and Transient Increase in CD4/CD8 Cell Counts in People with HIV: Evidence from China.

: Accumulating evidence has confirmed the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on immuno-virological parameters in people with HIV (PWH) is uncertain. : A total of 372 PWH treated at Beijing Ditan Hospital were included.

Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

Obesity-induced activation of NADPH oxidase 2 prolongs cardiac repolarization via inhibiting K+ currents.

Obesity is associated with abnormal repolarization manifested by QT interval prolongation, and oxidative stress is an important link between obesity and arrhythmias. However, the underlying electrophysiological and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of obesity in potassium current in ventricular myocytes and the potential mechanism of NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2).

Decoding ferroptosis: transforming orthopedic disease management.

As a mechanism of cell death, ferroptosis has gained popularity since 2012. The process is distinguished by iron toxicity and phospholipid accumulation, in contrast to autophagy, apoptosis, and other cell death mechanisms. It is implicated in the advancement of multiple diseases across the body.

Leveraging computer-aided design and artificial intelligence to develop a next-generation multi-epitope tuberculosis vaccine candidate.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health challenge. The existing Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine has limited efficacy in preventing adult pulmonary TB, necessitating the development of new vaccines with improved protective effects.

Methods: Computer-aided design and artificial intelligence technologies, combined with bioinformatics and immunoinformatics approaches, were used to design a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) against TB.

Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH)-Based Nanotripod for High-Entropydynamic Therapy Associated with Metabolism Homeostasis.

Multielemental transition metal compounds represent a class of promising candidates for the biomedical field due to their unique structure and biomedical application potential. However, their synthesis process remains challenging, which was subject to the high-temperature treatment of the multimetallic elements integrated within one system. Herein, for the first time, we have fabricated the nanotripod, , (FeCoNiCuZnAl)O (denoted as HEO) agent, via the structural topotactic transformation of layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursors with the tunable disorder degree, for highly efficient high-entropydynamic therapy associated with metabolism homeostasis.

Bioinformatics Analysis and Immunogenicity Assessment of the Novel Multi-Stage DNA Vaccine W541 Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.

Background: Vaccination is one of the effective measures to prevent latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from developing into active tuberculosis (TB). Applying bioinformatics methods to pre-evaluate the biological characteristics and immunogenicity of vaccines can improve the efficiency of vaccine development.

Objectives: To evaluate the immunogenicity of TB vaccine W541 and to explore the application of bioinformatics technology in TB vaccine research.

Development of a Nomogram Based on Transcriptional Signatures, IFN-γ Response and Neutrophils for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health threat and its diagnosis remains challenging. This study aimed to develop a nomogram that incorporated peripheral blood transcriptional signatures and other blood tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Patients And Methods: Patients with TB, patients with other definite pulmonary diseases (OPD), individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and healthy controls (HC) were retrospectively enrolled between May 2017 and April 2018.

Safety of local thermal ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with cirrhosis and severe thrombocytopenia.

Generally, invasive treatment is contraindication for patients with severe thrombocytopenia, because it may increase risk of bleeding. However, many early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with cirrhosis have platelet counts (PC) less than 50 × 10/L due to hypersplenism. These patients are often accompanied by hepatic insufficiency, which makes hepatectomy impossible, and local thermal ablation (LTA) has become a major treatment.

[Pathogenesis of comorbidity between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer].

Pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer are both common clinical diseases and serious public health problems. These two diseases can form a comorbidity by promoting each other under the influence of multiple factors during their occurrence and development. In recent years, some progress has been made in understanding the mechanism and exploring the diagnosis and treatment of comorbidity.

Impact of diabetes mellitus on tuberculosis prevention, diagnosis, and treatment from an immunologic perspective.

The coexistence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) presents a significant global burden, with DM being recognized as a major risk factor for TB. This review comprehensively analyzes the immunological aspects of DM-TB comorbidity, shedding light on the impact of DM on TB pathogenesis and immune responses. It reveals that high blood glucose levels in TB patients contribute to reduced innate immune cell count, compromised phagocytic function, and delayed antigen presentation.

Materialism in Chinese college students during 2007-2020: The influence of social change on the inclining trend.

Materialism is fundamental to the human value or goal system; therefore, an understanding of its level among Chinese college students and its changes over time is of great value. In the present study, a cross-temporal meta-analysis was performed by reviewing studies that conducted Material Values Scale-based assessment of the materialism level among Chinese university students from 2007 to 2020. Moreover, a time lag analysis was performed to clarify whether variations in materialism level are interpretable with macro-social indicators.

Transcriptomics-based anti-tuberculous mechanism of traditional Chinese polyherbal preparation NiuBeiXiaoHe intermediates.

Background: Integrated traditional Chinese medicine and biomedicine is an effective method to treat tuberculosis (TB). In our previous research, traditional Chinese medicine preparation NiuBeiXiaoHe (NBXH) achieved obvious anti-TB effects in animal experiments and clinical practice. However, the action mechanism of NBXH has not been elucidated.

The Progress and Promise of Lineage Reprogramming Strategies for Liver Regeneration.

The liver exhibits remarkable regenerative capacity. However, the limited ability of primary human hepatocytes to proliferate in vitro, combined with a compromised regenerative capacity induced by pathological conditions in vivo, presents significant obstacles to effective liver regeneration following liver injuries and diseases. Developing strategies to compensate for the loss of endogenous hepatocytes is crucial for overcoming these challenges, and this remains an active area of investigation.

Clinical characteristics and complication risks in data-driven clusters among Chinese community diabetes populations.

Background: Novel diabetes phenotypes were proposed by the Europeans through cluster analysis, but Chinese community diabetes populations might exhibit different characteristics. This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of novel diabetes subgroups under data-driven analysis in Chinese community diabetes populations.

Methods: We used K-means cluster analysis in 6369 newly diagnosed diabetic patients from eight centers of the REACTION (Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals) study.

[Systemic disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with normal immune function: a case report].

Nocardiosis, characterized by poor prognosis and high mortality, is a local or systemic suppurative or granulomatous disease caused by that is common in immunosuppressed individuals but rare in populations with normal immune function. This paper described one case of disseminated infection in a patient with normal immune function by outlining the process of treatment, conducting literature review and by outlining the clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria and standardized treatments of nocardia disease, in the hope of providing reference for subsequent treatment of rare subspecies infections.

ASGR1 is a promising target for lipid reduction in pigs with PON2 as its inhibitor.

Although the role of asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1) in lowering lipid levels is well established, recent studies indicate that ASGR1 inhibition can cause unexpected liver damage in pigs, raising a serious issue about whether ASGR1 can be a good target for treating ASCVD. Here, we utilized the CRISPR-Cas9 system to regenerate ASGR1-knockout pigs, who displayed decreased lipid profiles without observable liver damage. This was confirmed by the lower levels of serum ALT and AST, reduced expression of inflammation markers, and normal histological morphology.

Disseminated tuberculosis is associated with impaired T cell immunity mediated by non-canonical NF-κB pathway.

Objectives: The mechanism that leads to disseminated tuberculosis in HIV-negative patients is still largely unknown. T cell subsets and signaling pathways that were associated with disseminated tuberculosis were investigated.

Methods: Single-cell profiling of whole T cells was performed to identify T cell subsets and enriched signaling pathways that were associated with disseminated tuberculosis.

Identification of ferroptosis-related gene signature for tuberculosis diagnosis and therapy efficacy.

Diagnosis of tuberculosis remains a challenge when microbiological tests are negative. Immune cell atlas of patients with tuberculosis and healthy controls were established by single-cell transcriptome. Through integrated analysis of scRNA-seq with microarray and bulk RNA sequencing data, a ferroptosis-related gene signature containing ACSL4, CTSB, and TLR4 genes that were associated with tuberculosis disease was identified.

Evaluafion of the efficacy of wall shear stress in carotid artery stenting.

Objective: To characterize the value of carotid wall shear stress (WSS) following carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients with carotid stenosis.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients with carotid stenosis treated with CAS between March 2021 to May 2022 in the eighth medical center of the PLA General Hospital were selected for our study. Carotid ultrasound was performed before the operation, one week post-operation, and six months post-operation.