Rest-Activity Rhythm, Pain, and Motor Activity in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Although the relationships among physical disability, mood disorders, and pain are well described in multiple sclerosis (MS), little is known about whether those symptoms are associated with sleep disturbances.

Methods: Forty-six patients with MS experiencing pain participated. Sleep was indirectly measured by assessing rest-activity rhythm via actigraphy: interdaily stability, intradaily variability, and relative amplitude.

Living with Polyneuropathy Organomegaly Endocrinopathy Monoclonal gammopathy Skin changes (POEMS) syndrome: a case study of healthcare experiences and quality of life.

Aim: Polyneuropathy Organomegaly Endocrinopathy Monoclonal gammopathy Skin changes (POEMS) Syndrome is a rare condition with an estimated prevalence rate of 0.3 per 100,000 people. Patient perspectives on healthcare experiences and quality of life have not yet been studied in depth.

Liraglutide Reduces CNS Activation in Response to Visual Food Cues Only After Short-term Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are associated with reduced appetite and body weight. We investigated whether these effects could be mediated by the central nervous system (CNS).

Research Design And Methods: We performed a randomized crossover study in obese patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 20, mean age 59.

The Unique and Combined Effects of Reinforcement and Methylphenidate on Temporal Information Processing in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Temporal information processing and reward sensitivity are neurocognitive impairments key to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aim of this study was to examine the unique and combined impact of reinforcement and methylphenidate (MPH) on temporal information processing in children with ADHD. We predicted that both monetary reinforcement and MPH would ameliorate temporal information processing deficits in ADHD, and we expected that the combined effect of reinforcement and MPH would be most beneficial.

Brain Correlates of the Interaction Between 5-HTTLPR and Psychosocial Stress Mediating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Severity.

Objective: The serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR genotype has been found to moderate the effect of stress on severity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with stronger effects of stress in carriers of the short allele than in individuals homozygous for the long allele. The underlying neurobiological mechanism of this gene-environment interaction in ADHD is unknown. The authors aimed to determine whether 5-HTTLPR moderates the effect of stress on brain gray matter volume and, if so, which brain regions mediate the effect of this gene-environment interaction on ADHD severity.

Transcranial Doppler blood flow assessment in patients with mild heart failure: correlates with neuroimaging and cognitive performance.

Cardiac output and cerebral perfusion are reduced in patients with advanced stages of heart failure. Our aim was to determine whether cerebral blood flow velocity measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography was reduced in outpatients with mild heart failure in comparison to controls and, if so, whether this reduction was related to cognitive performance and abnormalities of the brain diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.

Time reproduction in children with ADHD and their nonaffected siblings.

Objective: Time reproduction is deficient in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Whether this deficit is familial and could therefore serve as a candidate endophenotype has not been previously investigated. It is unknown whether timing deficits are also measurable in adolescent children with ADHD and nonaffected siblings.