Comparison of Blue and Infrared Light Transmission Through Dental Tissues and Restorative Materials.

Objectives: The depth of cure using blue-light photocuring units (BL) is limited by tooth structure and qualities of the restorative material through which the activating wavelength must pass. Recent developments incorporate an infrared (IR) activated upconversion (UC) fluorescence of a lining agent filled with nanocrystals of NaYF4 and doped with YB+3 and Tm+3 that emit both blue and violet light locally at the interface of the liner and restorative resin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the BL and 975 nm infrared (IR) light power transmission through dental tissues and restorative materials.

High-Performance Dental Resins Containing a Starburst Monomer.

Dimethacrylate-based chemistries feature extensively as resin monomers in dental resin-based materials due to their distinguished overall performance. However, challenges endure, encompassing inadequate mechanical attributes, volumetric shrinkage, and estrogenicity. Herein, we first synthesized a novel resin monomer, 9-armed starburst polyurethane acrylate (NPUA), via the grafting-onto approach.

Effect of Ceramic Thickness on the Bond Strength to Resin-Luting Agents before and after Thermal Cycling.

This study investigated microshear bond strength (µSBS) of two (2) dual-cured resin-luting agents (RelyX™ Ultimate and RelyX™ U200) when photoactivated through varying thicknesses of lithium disilicate, with or without thermal cycling. Discs of IPS e.max Press of 0.

The future of faculty recruitment: Inspiring students into an academic career.

The dilemma surrounding faculty shortages within dental education continues to present significant challenges for the dental profession. There remains a tremendous need to create an effective and sustainable pathway for the recruitment of faculty into dental academia, with an emphasis on the establishment of a more diverse and representative faculty composition. This perspective paper proposes a blueprint to nurture and inspire dental students into academia.

Bacteria-mediated resistance of neutrophil extracellular traps to enzymatic degradation drives the formation of dental calculi.

Dental calculi can cause gingival bleeding and periodontitis, yet the mechanism underlying the formation of such mineral build-ups, and in particular the role of the local microenvironment, are unclear. Here we show that the formation of dental calculi involves bacteria in local mature biofilms converting the DNA in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) from being degradable by the enzyme DNase I to being degradation resistant, promoting the nucleation and growth of apatite. DNase I inhibited NET-induced mineralization in vitro and ex vivo, yet plasma DNases were ineffective at inhibiting ectopic mineralization in the oral cavity in rodents.

The paradigm change from reactive medical services to 3PM in ischemic stroke: a holistic approach utilising tear fluid multi-omics, mitochondria as a vital biosensor and AI-based multi-professional data interpretation.

Worldwide stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of death and disability combined. The estimated global economic burden by stroke is over US$891 billion per year. Within three decades (1990-2019), the incidence increased by 70%, deaths by 43%, prevalence by 102%, and DALYs by 143%.

Clear aligner therapy versus conventional brackets: Oral impacts over time.

Background: The objective is to compare the impact of clear aligner treatment (CAT) versus conventional fixed appliance treatment (FAT) on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among adults at five-time points: pretreatment (T0), 1 week (T1), 1 month after (T2), and 6 months after (T3) treatment initiation, and in the long-term follow-up (T4).

Materials And Methods: Search terms were based on Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and non-MeSH. Potentially eligible studies compared OHRQoL in clear aligner (CA) and fixed appliance (FA) patients.

Helicobacter pylori-Toxoplasma gondii interplay with a possible role of IL-10.

Parasites are known for their modulatory effects on the immune response. The impact of toxoplasmosis on the immune response towards H. pylori is being studied in terms of IL-10 levels.

Interorgan communication in neurogenic heterotopic ossification: the role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles.

Brain-derived extracellular vesicles participate in interorgan communication after traumatic brain injury by transporting pathogens to initiate secondary injury. Inflammasome-related proteins encapsulated in brain-derived extracellular vesicles can cross the blood‒brain barrier to reach distal tissues. These proteins initiate inflammatory dysfunction, such as neurogenic heterotopic ossification.

The dynamics of bacterial proliferation, viability, and extracellular polymeric substances in oral biofilm development.

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between bacterial growth, viability, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) formation in biofilms, particularly regarding resistance development. It also examined the impact of chemical factors on the EPS matrix and bacterial proliferation in oral biofilms.

Methods: Three multi-species oral biofilms were incubated in anaerobic conditions.

Effect of Nisin-based pretreatment solution on dentin bond strength, antibacterial property, and MMP activity of the adhesive interface.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a Nisin-based dentin pretreatment solution on microtensile bond strength, antibacterial activity, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity of the adhesive interface.

Materials And Methods: 100 human molars were sectioned to expose dentin. The teeth were assigned to five groups (n = 20), according to the dentin pretreatment: 0.

Evaluation of accuracy of deep learning and conventional neural network algorithms in detection of dental implant type using intraoral radiographic images: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: With the growing importance of implant brand detection in clinical practice, the accuracy of machine learning algorithms in implant brand detection has become a subject of research interest. Recent studies have shown promising results for the use of machine learning in implant brand detection. However, despite these promising findings, a comprehensive evaluation of the accuracy of machine learning in implant brand detection is needed.

Lysosomal destabilization: A missing link between pathological calcification and osteoarthritis.

Calcification of cartilage by hydroxyapatite is a hallmark of osteoarthritis and its deposition strongly correlates with the severity of osteoarthritis. However, no effective strategies are available to date on the prevention of hydroxyapatite deposition within the osteoarthritic cartilage and its role in the pathogenesis of this degenerative condition is still controversial. Therefore, the present work aims at uncovering the pathogenic mechanism of intra-cartilaginous hydroxyapatite in osteoarthritis and developing feasible strategies to counter its detrimental effects.

Fibrocyte: A missing piece in the pathogenesis of fibrous epulis.

Objectives: To explore the role of fibrocytes in the recurrence and calcification of fibrous epulides.

Methods: Different subtypes of fibrous epulides and normal gingival tissue specimens were first collected for histological and immunofluorescence analyses to see if fibrocytes were present and whether they differentiated into myofibroblasts and osteoblasts upon stimulated by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Electron microscopy and elemental analysis were used to characterize the extracellular microenvironment in different subtypes of fibrous epulides.

A glycol chitosan derivative with extrafibrillar demineralization potential for self-etch dentin bonding.

Objectives: Extrafibrillar demineralization is an etching technique that removes only minerals from around the collagen fibrils for resin infiltration. The intrafibrillar minerals are left intact to avoid their replacement by water that is hard for adhesive resin monomers to displace. The present work reported the synthesis of a water-soluble methacryloyloxy glycol chitosan-EDTA conjugate (GCE-MA) and evaluated its potential as an extrafibrillar demineralization agent for self-etch dentin bonding.

Expression profiles of glucocorticoid-inducible proteins in human papilloma virus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus virus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV-OPSCC) comprises a significant portion of head and neck cancers. Several glucocorticoid-inducible proteins play important roles in pathogenesis of some cancers but their status and roles in HPV-OPSCC remain elusive; these include the glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), Annexin-A1 and serum glucocorticoid-regulated kinase-1 (SGK-1).

Methods: We determined expression profiles of these proteins, using immunohistochemistry, in archived biopsy samples of patients diagnosed with HPV-OPSCC; samples of non-cancer oral lesions (e.

Enhanced Bonding to Caries-Affected Dentin Using an Isocyanate-Based Primer.

Dental caries is the most common oral disease and the most common cause of resin restorations. In minimally invasive dentistry, the principle behind cavity preparation is to remove external caries-infected dentin (CID) and preserve internal caries-affected dentin (CAD) and sound dentin (SD). The cavity floor is mainly composed of CAD, but the poor bonding performance of CAD has become a widespread concern.

Effect of 3 different disinfection methods on the image quality of photostimulable phosphor plates.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 3 disinfection protocols on the quality of images acquired with a photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plate system.

Study Design: Thirty DIGORA Optime PSP plates were divided into 3 groups of 10. Group 1 was disinfected with 95% ethanol.

Bacteria debridement efficacy of two sonic root canal irrigant activation systems.

Objective: To evaluate the bacteria debridement efficacy of two generations of sonic root canal irrigant activation systems: EndoActivator (Dentsply Sirona), the first generation, and SmartLite Pro EndoActivator, the second generation.

Methods: Instrumented, autoclaved, single-rooted human premolars were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC-29212) for 21 days. The bacteria biofilm-containing teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups (N=8): Group 1: Syringe-side-vented needle (S-N) delivery of saline for 1 min; Group 2: S-N delivery of 2% NaOCl for 1 min; Group 3: S-N delivery of 2% NaOCl for 5 min; Group 4: EndoActivator activation of 2% NaOCl for 1 min; Group 5: SmartLite Pro EndoActivator activation of 2% NaOCl for 1 min.

The effects of heating on the physicochemical properties of tricalcium silicate root canal sealers.

This study evaluated the effect of heating on the physicochemical properties and surface changes of tricalcium silicate sealers. Three tricalcium silicate root canal sealers (Bio-C Sealer, BioRoot-RCS, EndoSequence BC Sealer), and one epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus; control) were tested. The effect of heating on setting time (ST) and flowability were assessed according to ANSI/ADA 57 and ISO 6876 standards.