Challenges in management of microbial keratitis during COVID-19 pandemic related lockdown: a comparative analysis with pre pandemic data.

Purpose: To study the challenges of managing microbial keratitis(MK) during the COVID19 pandemic related lockdown and assess the outcomes of treatment at a tertiary cornea service.

Methods: Retrospective, non comparative study of electronic medical records of MK presenting to a network of four tertiary care cornea services. The medical history, presenting clinical features, microbiology work up and treatment outcomes were analyzed.

Repeatability, reproducibility and agreement between three different diagnostic imaging platforms for tear film evaluation of normal and dry eye disease.

Purpose: To assess the repeatability and reliability of different commercially available diagnostic platforms in the objective assessment of tear film parameters and if there exists any agreement between them.

Methods: Thirty healthy individuals (N = 60 eyes) and fifteen DED patients (N = 30 eyes) had their tear film parameters (Lipid layer thickness (LLT), Tear meniscus height (TMH), Non-invasive tear break up time (NIBUT)) assessed using three instruments - LipiView® II, IDRA ocular surface analyser (IDRA-OSA) and Oculus keratograph 5 M (K5M). Bland-Altman analysis and linear mixed effects modelling & Generalized Linear Hypothesis Test were used for analysis and coefficient of variation (CoV).

Characteristics of Corneal Endothelium in Axenfeld Rieger Spectrum.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the corneal endothelial characteristics in Axenfeld anomaly (AXA), Rieger anomaly (RGA), and Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly/syndrome with age-matched healthy controls.

Methods: This is a retrospective, comparative case-control study of 52 eyes of 30 patients with AXA/RGA and AXA/S and 36 controls.

Results: Median age at endothelial imaging was 21.

Selective Endothelialectomy in Peters Anomaly: A Novel Surgical Technique and Its Clinical Outcomes in Children.

Purpose: This study describes the surgical outcomes of selective endothelialectomy in Peters anomaly (SEPA), a relatively new technique to manage Peters anomaly (PA).

Methods: This study included 34 eyes of 28 children who had a visually significant posterior corneal defect due to PA and underwent SEPA between 2012 and 2019. A selective endothelialectomy from the posterior corneal defect was performed while preserving Descemet membrane.

Assessment of genotypes, endosymbionts and clinical characteristics of Acanthamoeba recovered from ocular infection.

Introduction: Acanthamoeba is an emerging pathogen, infamous for its resilience against antiprotozoal compounds, disinfectants and harsh environments. It is known to cause keratitis, a sight-threatening, painful and difficult to treat corneal infection which is often reported among contact lens wearers and patients with ocular trauma. Acanthamoeba comprises over 24 species and currently 23 genotypes (T1-T23) have been identified.

In Vitro Expansion of Corneal Endothelial Cells for Clinical Application: Current Update.

Endothelial dysfunction is one of the leading causes of corneal blindness and one of the common indications for keratoplasty. At present, the standard of treatment involves the replacement of the dysfunctional endothelium with healthy tissue taken from a donor. Because there is a paucity of healthy donor tissues, research on the corneal endothelium has focused primarily on expanding these cells in the laboratory for transplantation in an attempt to reduce the gap between the demand and supply of donor tissues for transplantation.

Giant jelly bump deposits on therapeutic contact lens: an unusual finding following ptosis surgery.

The authors report two cases of unusually large deposits on their therapeutic bandage contact lens (BCL) following uneventful surgery for congenital ptosis. The first case presented at 6 weeks with decreased vision, large jelly-bump deposits over the contact lens and sterile corneal infiltrates. The infiltrates rapidly resolved with restoration of vision following contact lens removal and topical antibiotics.

Early treatment of corneal abrasions and ulcers-estimating clinical and economic outcomes.

Background: In low-and-middle income countries, corneal abrasions and ulcers are common and not always well managed. Previous studies showed better clinical outcomes with early presentation and treatment of minor abrasions, however, there have been no formal studies estimating the financial impact of early treatment of abrasions and ulcers compared to delayed treatment.

Methods: We used the LV Prasad Eye Institute's (LVPEI's) electronic health record system (eyeSmart) to estimate the impact of early presentation on clinical outcomes associated with abrasions and ulcers.

keratitis: Review of literature of 5 years' clinical experience at a tertiary eye care center.

Background: is an important cause of infectious keratitis from tropical and sub-tropical countries. Due to its closely mimicking clinical and microbiological features with fungus, it remained unidentified and managed as fungal keratitis for a long time. Previously all patients had poor outcomes with antifungal therapy and needed surgical treatment with higher rates of recurrences of infection leading to loss of an eye.

Impact of teleconsultation on visual and refractive outcomes in patients undergoing laser refractive surgery during COVID-19.

Purpose: To assess the role of remote teleconsultation (TC) follow-up care following a successful and uneventful laser vision correction.

Methods: The study is a retrospective, comparative analysis of patients undergoing laser vision correction at tertiary care eye hospital in Southern India. The patients were divided into two groups.

Clinical profile and demographic distribution of ophthalmia nodosa: An electronic medical record-driven big data analytics from a multitier eye care network.

Purpose: To describe the demographics and clinical profile of ophthalmia nodosa in patients presenting to a multitier ophthalmology hospital network in India.

Methods: This cross-sectional, hospital-based study included 3,082,727 new patients presenting between August 2010 and December 2021. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of ophthalmia nodosa in at least one eye were included as cases.

The role of Tenonplasty in the management of limbal and scleral ischemia due to acute ocular chemical burns.

Of the various manifestations of ocular chemical burns (OCBs), ischemia of the limbus and the peri-limbal sclera indicates poor prognosis and in severe cases threaten the integrity of the globe. Tenonplasty is a surgical procedure which involves advancing the Tenon's capsule over the ischemic areas to provide a vascular supply and to enable migration of the conjunctival epithelium. This review aims to provide an overview of the diagnosis of limbal ischemia and its management with Tenonplasty.

Cataract surgery in Keratoconus revisited - An update on preoperative and intraoperative considerations and postoperative outcomes.

Purpose: This review aims to evaluate and simplify the recent literature on preoperative surgical planning, intraoperative considerations, postoperative surprises, and their management in patients with keratoconus undergoing cataract surgery.

Methods: A review of the literature was done to analyze all the pertinent articles on Keratoconus and cataract surgery.

Results: The surgical planning of cataracts in eyes with keratoconus needs a multifaceted approach.

Role of anterior segment optical coherence tomography in scleral diseases: A review.

Background: Scleritis and episcleritis are an overlapping spectrum of diseases and accurate diagnosis is of utmost importance as the treatment and prognosis are vastly different. Predominantly a clinical diagnosis, the challenge lies in those cases with equivocal clinical features. Furthermore, clinical grading of scleritis is subjective and hence is neither very reliable nor reproducible.

Understanding and Optimizing Ocular Biometry for Cataract Surgery in Dry Eye Disease: A Review.

Purpose: To understand the impact of dry eye disease (DED) on the components of ocular biometry and ways to optimize the visual outcomes of cataract surgery in eyes with DED.

Methodology: A thorough literature review of the components pertaining to this review was undertaken using the databases, PubMed (from the year 2000), MEDLINE, CENTRAL (including Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register; Cochrane Library: Issue 12 of 12 December 2019), metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) (www.controlled-trials.

Management of an unresponsive case of HSV keratouveitis with trabeculectomy and DSAEK: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: This case demonstrates an unusual presentation of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) ocular infection and the challenges faced during the management of its complications.

Presentation Of The Case: A thirty year-old lady, a steroid responder with HSV keratouveitis, was referred for non-response to treatment with the prophylactic dose of oral acyclovir and acetazolamide. She presented with large epithelial bullae, anterior chamber reaction, and raised intraocular pressure in her right eye.

'Infolded' LASIK flap: an unusual variant of early postoperative flap dislocation.

Flap displacement is a rare but vision-threatening complication of laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). A young male patient underwent uneventful microkeratome-assisted LASIK. One-week postoperatively, flap displacement was noted in his right eye with its lower edge folded inwards, macrostria at the superior edge and the epithelium covering the bare stroma and into the interface.

Clinical and Microbiological Spectra and Therapeutic Outcomes of Polymicrobial Keratitis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors, microbiology, and treatment outcomes of polymicrobial keratitis (PMK).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 65 patients diagnosed with PMK between 2016 and 2019. The clinical and microbiological characteristics and outcomes were evaluated.

Salivary gland transplantation for dry eye disease: Indications, techniques, and outcomes.

The transplantation of salivary glands to the eye serves as a substitute for restoring tear volume in patients with severe dry eye disease. The lacrimal gland and salivary glands share similar acinar-ductal organization with some differences in the nature of secretions. This review summarizes the comparative anatomy of salivary and lacrimal glands, various salivary gland transplantation techniques, their indications, outcomes and complications along with future perspectives.

Trends in the Microbiological Spectrum of Nonviral Keratitis at a Single Tertiary Care Ophthalmic Hospital in India: A Review of 30 years.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to assess the trends in microorganisms from patients with infectious keratitis and to assess their antibiogram patterns at a tertiary eye care center in India.

Methods: In this retrospective observational case series, microbiological records of all corneal ulcers were reviewed from 1991 to 2020 and assessed for trends in keratitis and antibiotic susceptibility using the χ 2 test.

Results: Of the total of 51,747 patients, 51.

An experimental study to evaluate the effect of polymixin E (Colistin) alone or in combination with gentamicin in McCarey-Kaufman corneal preservation medium on various drug resistant bacterial and fungal isolates.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of the addition of polymyxin E (colistin) in the McCarey-Kaufman (MK) corneal storage solution against multi-drug resistant strains of Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida spp.

Methods: A standard micro broth dilution test and a checkerboard assay were performed for five multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical strains of P. aeruginosa and five clinical strains of methicillin-resistant S.

Deep anterior lamellar limbo-keratoplasty for bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency with corneal scarring in chemical injury sequelae: Two case reports.

Introduction And Importance: This report describes a new technique of deep anterior lamellar limbo-keratoplasty for the management of bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) with corneal scarring.

Presentation Of Cases: A 45-year-old male presented with chronic sequelae of ocular chemical injury and had bilateral total LSCD with corneal scarring. The visual acuity (VA) in the right eye was counting fingers.