Surgical management of sternal tumours-a decade of experience from a tertiary care centre in India.

Tumours of the sternum can be either primary or secondary with malignancy being the most common etiology. Wide local excision of these tumours results in a midline defect which pose a unique challenge for reconstruction. As limited data on the management of these tumours exists in the literature, we hereby report 14 consecutive patients who were treated at our institute between January 2009 to December 2020.

Primary idiopathic chylopericardium managed by uniportal VATS.

Chylopericardium is very rarely encountered in clinical practice. The common causes are post cardiac or thoracic surgery and neoplasms of the mediastinum. Most of the time, no cause is attributed and it is labelled as primary idiopathic chylopericardium.

An overview on the principles of management of haemoptysis.

Haemoptysis is a frequently encountered presentation in thoracic surgery practice. Most of the patients present with chronic haemoptysis while 5% of them will present with life-threatening acute haemoptysis. Emergency surgery used to be the first-line management in acute life-threatening haemoptysis which resulted in significant morbidity and mortality.

Left middle lobectomy in a patient with Kartagener's syndrome.

The middle lobe is usually a part of the right lung as it is tri-lobar in normal anatomy. In patients with Kartagener's syndrome, the middle lobe belongs to the left lung due to situs inversus. They are prone to develop bronchiectasis due to ciliary dyskinesia and bronchial anatomy of the middle lobe.

A natural systemic to pulmonary artery shunt.

Isolation of the left subclavian artery is a rare anomaly associated with right aortic arch. We report a case in which this subclavian artery was supplying the pulmonary circulation in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) which effectively acted as a natural systemic to pulmonary artery shunt. The patient had good room air saturation and no features of vertebrobasilar insufficiency or left upper limb ischemia.

Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve in an adult.

Absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS) is seen in around 3 to 6% of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients. They present in the neonatal or infantile period with respiratory compromise, cardiac failure, or cyanosis. They rarely survive into adulthood with only few reports published in literature so far.

Rib malignancies masquerading as benign mediastinal tumours.

Mediastinal tumours are commonly encountered in general thoracic surgery practice. Benign tumours like thymoma and teratoma often need direct surgical resection if resectable. Pre-operative biopsy is not recommended.

Left common pulmonary venous trunk-better be careful than sorry.

Pulmonary vein abnormalities are very commonly encountered in general thoracic surgical practice. While performing a lobectomy, ideally all the pulmonary veins should be identified before ligating the corresponding vein. Failing to recognize a common pulmonary vein may lead to an unwarranted pneumonectomy which may end up morbid for the patient.

Aspergilloma in a hydatid cavity.

Fungal colonization by aspergillus usually occurs in pre-existing lung cavities mostly due to post-tubercular sequelae. Colonization of a hydatid cavity is very rare. We hereby report this unusual co-infection in a 55 years old diabetic male patient who was diagnosed pre-operatively and was managed with surgery, anti-fungal agents, and anthelminthics.

Factors associated with the opposition to COVID-19 vaccination certificates: A multi-country observational study from Asia.

Background: There are ongoing calls to harmonise and increase the use of COVID-19 vaccination certificates (CVCs) in Asia. Identifying groups in Asian societies who oppose CVCs and understanding their reasons can help formulate an effective CVCs policy in the region. However, no formal studies have explored this issue in Asia.

Complications of trans-catheter closure of atrial septal defects.

Trans-catheter device closure of atrial septal defects (ASD) is considered to be safe with minimal complications. But, there are certain complications that arise after these device closures which might require urgent or late surgical intervention. We have retrospectively analysed our experience.

Does tuberculosis affect surgical outcomes following pericardiectomy for chronic constrictive pericarditis? Twelve years' experience from a tertiary care center in India.

Introduction And Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is the commonest cause of chronic constrictive pericarditis (CCP) in India, unlike in the western countries. Pericardiectomy is the treatment of choice for CCP. Surgery in TB CCP is considerably more difficult than it is for other etiologies.

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma-a case series.

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare and interesting pulmonary tumour that presents a diagnostic challenge to the surgeon due to its bland symptomatology, indolent course, non-specific radiological features and ambiguous histopathological findings, which could lead to errors in management and prognostication. Herein, we present a series of 4 patients with PSP who were managed in our institution over a period of 8 years and briefly discuss relevant literature.

Thoracic hydatid cysts: an analysis of surgical management in a tertiary care centre in India.

Introduction And Purpose: Though hydatidosis is a ubiquitous zoonosis endemic to India, there is a dearth of literature regarding the management of thoracic hydatid disease (THD) in India. There are no surgical guidelines available. The aim of this study is to analyse the details of THD operated upon in a tertiary care hospital in India and propose a protocol for its management.

Giant cystic pulmonary hamartoma-images.

Hamartoma is the commonest benign tumor of the lung. They usually present as an asymptomatic solitary solid nodule of varying size, located peripherally in the lung parenchyma and picked up incidentally in a chest X-ray. Rarely, they may be intra-bronchial in location.

Pulmonary mucormycosis-a case series.

Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is a rare disease. Literature about the surgical management of PM in India is sparse. Recently, there has been a surge in the number of cases of mucormycosis in association with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, igniting the interest in PM.

Surgical management of pulmonary aspergilloma-12 years' experience from a tertiary care centre in India.

Introduction And Purpose: Pulmonary aspergilloma is the formation of saprophytic colonies of fungus in pre-existing pulmonary cavities. They may cause life-threatening haemoptysis. As medical treatment often fails, surgery is the mainstay of treatment in symptomatic patients.

Surgical management of empyema thoracis - experience of a decade in a tertiary care centre in India.

Introduction And Purpose: Empyema thoracis (ET) is defined as the accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity. Early stages of ET are treated medically and the late stages surgically. Decortication, thoracoplasty, window procedure (Eloesser flap procedure) and rib resections are the open surgical procedures executed.

costochondritis following coronary artery bypass grafting: a case report and a brief review of literature.

Bacterial sternal wound infections following cardiac surgery are not uncommon. However, sternal wound infection by a fungus is a rarity, and it warrants a correct diagnosis followed by specific treatment. We report a case of sternal wound infection with costochondritis following cardiac surgery, and briefly review the relevant literature.

Clinical and Radiologic Findings of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in Young Adults.

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy after an acute febrile illness, although initially described exclusively in the pediatric age group, has been recently shown to have an adult onset as well. In this study, we describe 10 patients (16 years of age or older) with acute necrotizing encephalopathy. In our study, bilateral thalamic involvement with the trilaminar pattern of diffusion restriction on MR imaging was the predominant finding seen in all of the patients reviewed.

Myositis ossificans-a rare tumor of the chest wall.

Myositis ossificans (MO) is the abnormal formation of benign heterotopic bone tissue in soft tissues or muscles, mostly in sites of trauma. Though it has been described in most parts of the body, less than a dozen cases involving the chest wall have been reported. It is known to resolve spontaneously and various medical treatments have been suggested to hasten its resolution.