Association of remnant cholesterol with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: mediation analyses from NHANES 1999-2020.

Background: Previous studies have established a correlation between elevated levels of remnant cholesterol (RC) and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) as well as insulin resistance (IR); however, the precise nature of these associations remains incompletely elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between RC and IR, as well as RC and T2D, and to determine the extent to which IR mediated the relationship between RC and T2D.

Methods: This was an observational study that utilized cross-sectional methods to examine the general population in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2020.

[Proportion of adenocarcinoma and the distribution of HPV genotypes in China: a meta-analysis].

To examine the proportion and trends of cervical adenocarcinoma in cervical cancer (ICC), mainly including cervical adenocarcinoma (CADC) and squamous cervical cancer (SCC) in China, and to analyze the distribution of human papilloma virus (HPV) in CADC and SCC. Published studies reporting HPVs distribution in various histological types or relative proportions of CADC in ICC in China were identified manually and searched systematically in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library databases, CNKI and Wanfang since the databases were established until October 2022. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.

Impact of Early Life Famine Exposure on Body Composition and Metabolic Profiles in Adulthood.

The relationship between the famine and metabolic syndrome has been reported, but there is a lack of more detailed changes in metabolic profiles. It is unclear how famine affects body composition. This study included 21,142 participants from the China National Health Survey.

The clinicopathological and molecular features of primary high-grade neuroendocrine tumour in the breast.

Aims: Nottingham grade for breast cancers, rather than gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) grade for neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), is currently applied to primary breast NETs, which need further clarification. High-grade NETs in breast also remain poorly recognised.

Methods And Results: Among 595 breast carcinomas with diffuse synaptophysin (Syn) or chromogranin A (CgA) immunostaining (≥ 90%), 197 eligible cases were selected, including 69 NETs, 123 invasive breast carcinomas of no special type (IBC-NSTs) and five neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs).

Circular RNAs in Viral Infection and Antiviral Treatment.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs that lack the 5'-cap structure and the 3' poly(A) tail. Their distinguishing feature is that the 3' and 5' ends are covalently linked to form a closed circular structure. CircRNAs have a longer half-life and stronger ribonuclease resistance compared with linear RNA.

Thyroid FT4-to-TSH ratio in the first trimester is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in women carrying male fetus: a prospective bi-center cohort study.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy, which increases the risk of other pregnant complications and adverse perinatal outcomes. Thyroid dysfunction is closely with the risk of diabetes mellitus. However, the relationship between euthyroid function in early pregnancy and GDM is still controversial.

Establishment of epidemiological cut-off values of etimicin: a new fourth-generation aminoglycoside, against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus.

Objective: To determine the epidemiological cut-off (ECOFF) values of etimicin against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods: We selected 1500 isolates from five hospitals throughout five cities in China spanning from January 2018 to December 2021 in the study. Minimal inhibit concentrations (MICs) of etimicin were determined using the broth microdilution method.

The necessity of thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression therapy for low-risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma following hemithyroidectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Thyroidectomy, followed by postoperative thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression therapy, is the established therapeutic approach for low-risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Recently, there has been a growing body of research dedicated to postoperative TSH suppression therapy in low-risk DTC. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive literature review concerning the necessity of TSH suppression therapy in DTC after hemithyroidectomy.

Two Cases of Macroglobulinemia with Elevated Serum CA125: Case Reports and Literature Review.

Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a relatively rare hematological malignancy characterized by serum monoclonal IgM gammopathy and bone marrow infiltration of lymphoma cells (small B lymphocytes, plasmacytoid lymphocytes, or plasma cells). Elevated CA125 is most seen in ovarian cancer or some benign diseases such as pelvic inflammatory disease and endometriosis. No cases of WM combined with elevated CA125 have been reported so far.

Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, independent of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, increase thyroid cancer risk: Insights from genetic and clinical evidence.

Purpose: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a prevalent autoimmune disorder and thyroid cancer (TC) is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy. Recent debates have focused on whether HT increases the risk of developing TC. This study combined Mendelian randomization (MR) and observational methods to investigate the potential causal relationship between HT and TC risk.

Epidemiological characteristics of invasive Aspergillus isolates: Morphology, drug susceptibility, and mutations in azole drug targets.

Background: The global epidemiology of aspergillosis varies and is influenced by various factors. To elucidate the disease burden and identify effective control strategies, the epidemiological characteristics of Aspergillus infections have to be investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological characteristics of various Aspergillus species, including their morphological features, species identification, and in vitro susceptibility to nine antifungal agents in a large tertiary hospital in northern China.

Maintenance of Long-Term Effective Humoral Immune Response in Patients with COVID-19 with Homologous or Heterologous Booster Vaccines: A Retrospective Study.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, has led to global efforts in vaccination to mitigate rising morbidity and mortality, with vaccines proving crucial in controlling the pandemic. This study evaluated the humoral responses to the inactivated virus vaccine Sinopharm or Koxing Kerlafor, the protein subunit vaccine ZF001, and the adenoviral vector vaccine Convidecia after 18 months of inactivated virus vaccination by heterologous and homologous booster vaccination in patients with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and healthy individuals. We discovered that patients who had recovered from the infection and then received a third vaccine dose (booster) exhibited durable immunity.

Exploring distinct modes of inter-spike cross-linking for enhanced neutralization by SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its Omicron subvariants drastically amplifies transmissibility, infectivity, and immune escape, mainly due to their resistance to most neutralizing antibodies. Thus, exploring the mechanisms underlying antibody evasion is crucial. Although the full-length native form of antibody, immunoglobulin G (IgG), offers valuable insights into the neutralization, structural investigations primarily focus on the fragment of antigen-binding (Fab).

TRIM4 enhances small-molecule-induced neddylated-degradation of CORO1A for triple negative breast cancer therapy.

As a critical member of the Coronin family, Coronin 1A (CORO1A) plays a crucial role in the progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, CORO1A is typically considered "undruggable" due to its smooth surface and complex protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Molecular glues have emerged as one of the most effective strategies to rapidly degrade such "undruggable" targets.

Oncogenic KRAS Promotes Ferroptosis in Pancreatic Cancer through Regulation of the FOSL1-TFRC Axis.

Mutant KRAS activation occurs in most of pancreatic cancer (PDAC) which induce the sensitivity to ferroptosis of PDAC cells, but the underlying mechanism is still poorly understood. Here, we show how KRAS acts in signaling to activate transcription factor FOSL1, which promotes the expression of the iron uptake receptor TFRC. In PDAC cells, repression of TFRC by KRAS/FOSL1 signaling inhibited intracellular iron levels, thereby restricting the occurrence of ferroptosis.

Triglyceride index as a predictor of mortality after cardiac surgery.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a marker for insulin resistance, has been linked to adverse cardiac outcomes. Its role in predicting mortality following cardiac surgery remains unclear.

Methods: This study analyzed 1,810 cardiac surgery patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, categorized by TyG index levels.

Integrating clinical data and genetic susceptibility to elucidate the relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus and human cytomegalovirus infection.

Background: Viral infections are known to induce the occurrence and pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Previous studies have indicated a possible relationship between SLE and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and have attributed HCMV to be associated with various autoantibodies; however, these studies were constrained by variations in sample size and potential selection bias. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to elucidate the relationship between HCMV and autoantibodies in patients with SLE by integrating clinical data and genetic susceptibility.

Differences in anaesthesiologist-surgeon seniority and patient safety: a single-centre mixed-methods study.

Background: Junior anaesthesiologists often find it difficult to gain the trust of surgeons, possibly because of their limited experience and unfamiliarity with surgeons. Therefore, they can face pressure when navigating disagreements with senior surgeons. We investigated whether and how differences in anaesthesiologist-surgeon seniority might impact patient safety.