Conditions of Nursing Practice in Hospitals and Nursing Homes Before COVID-19: Implications for Policy Action.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated interest in potential policy solutions to improve working conditions in hospitals and nursing homes. Policy action in the pandemic recovery period must be informed by pre-pandemic conditions.

Purpose: To describe registered nurses' (RNs') working conditions, job outcomes, and measures of patient safety and care quality in hospitals and nursing homes just before the pandemic.

A blueprint for leadership during COVID-19.

Minimizing burnout and moral distress among the nursing workforce.

Association of Clinical Nursing Work Environment with Quality and Safety in Maternity Care in the United States.

Purpose: Maternal outcomes in the United States are the poorest of any high-income country. Efforts to improve the quality and safety of maternity care are frequently reported by individual hospitals, limiting generalizability. The purpose of this study is to describe maternity care quality and safety in hospitals in four states.

Factors Nurses in the Intensive Care Unit Consider When Making Decisions About Patient Mobility.

Background: Early mobility interventions in the intensive care unit can improve patients' outcomes, yet they are not routinely implemented in many intensive care units. In an effort to identify opportunities to implement and sustain evidence-based practice, prior work has demonstrated that understanding the decision-making process of health professionals is critical for identifying opportunities to improve program implementation. Nurses are often responsible for mobilizing patients, but how they overcome barriers and make decisions to mobilize patients in the intensive care unit is not understood.

In Hospitals With More Nurses Who Have Baccalaureate Degrees, Better Outcomes For Patients After Cardiac Arrest.

In 2010, prompted by compelling evidence that demonstrated better patient outcomes in hospitals with higher percentages of nurses with a bachelor of science in nursing (BSN), the Institute of Medicine recommended that 80 percent of the nurse workforce be qualified at that level or higher by 2020. Using data from the American Heart Association's Get With the Guidelines-Resuscitation registry (for 2013-18), RN4CAST-US hospital nurse surveys (2015-16), and the American Hospital Association (2015), we found that each 10-percentage-point increase in the hospital share of nurses with a BSN was associated with 24 percent greater odds of surviving to discharge with good cerebral performance among patients who experienced in-hospital cardiac arrest. Lower patient-to-nurse ratios on general medical and surgical units were also associated with significantly greater odds of surviving with good cerebral performance.

Nurses' And Patients' Appraisals Show Patient Safety In Hospitals Remains A Concern.

The Institute of Medicine concluded in To Err Is Human in 1999 that transformation of nurse work environments was needed to reduce patient harm. We studied 535 hospitals in four large states at two points in time between 2005 and 2016 to determine the extent to which their work environments improved, and whether positive changes were associated with greater progress in patient safety. Survey data from thousands of nurses and patients showed that patient safety remains a serious concern.

Readiness for change and short-term outcomes of female adolescents in residential treatment for anorexia nervosa.

Objective: To determine if readiness for change (RFC) at admission predicted length of stay (LOS) and short-term outcomes among female adolescents in residential treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN).

Method: Using a prospective cohort design to collect data from participants (N = 65) at admission and discharge, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression tested whether RFC on admission predicted time in LOS to a favorable short-term outcome--a composite endpoint based on minimum criteria for weight gain, drive for thinness, depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Results: Participants with low RFC had a mean survival time to a favorable short-term outcome of 59.

Core data elements tracking elder sexual abuse.

Sexual abuse in the older adult population is an understudied vector of violent crimes with significant physical and psychological consequences for victims and families. Research requires a theoretical framework that delineates core elements using a standardized instrument. To develop a conceptual framework and identify core data elements specific to the older adult population, clinical, administrative, and criminal experts were consulted using a nominal group method to revise an existing sexual assault instrument.