Korean Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases: Part 3. Idiopathic Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia.

Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) is one of the varieties of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Diagnosis of idiopathic NSIP can be done via multidisciplinary approach in which the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings were discussed together and exclude other causes. Clinical manifestations include subacute or chronic dyspnea and cough that last an average of 6 months, most of which occur in non-smoking, middle-aged women.

A Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Tenodesis Technique for Surgical Treatment of Finger PIP Joint Volar Plate Chronic Avulsion.

Chronic, post-traumatic, avulsion of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint volar plate represents a disabling lesion. The purpose of this report is to describe a flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tenodesis using a mini-bone anchor inserted into the proximal phalanx, and its clinical outcome. 15 patients with chronic post-traumatic hyperextension instability of the PIP joint were treated surgically.

Differences in Antibiotic Resistance of MRSA Infections in Patients with Various Types of Otitis Media.

Objectives: We investigated the epidemiological and antibiotic resistance differences in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in patients with otitis media with effusion (OME), acute otitis media (AOM), chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), and chronic cholesteatomatous otitis media (CCOM).

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with newly identified MRSA infections from January 2009 through January 2017. Overall, 3,522 patients from 10 tertiary referral hospitals were included in the study.

Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis in a 13-Year-Old Female: A 24-Month Clinical Follow-Up.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disorder manifesting as seizures, movement disorders, and psychiatric changes. However, there have been few case reports concerning this disorder in South Korean children. The current case report describes a pediatric patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Transient and Persistent No Reflow Phenomena following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background And Objectives: There is limited information on the transient or persistent no reflow phenomenon in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Subjects And Methods: The study analyzed 4329 patients with AMI from a Korean multicenter registry who underwent PCI using coronary stents (2668 ST-elevation and 1661 non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction [MI] patients): 4071 patients without any no reflow, 213 with transient no reflow (no reflow with final thrombolysis in myocardial infarction [TIMI] flow grade 3), and 45 with persistent no reflow (no reflow with final TIMI flow grade≤2). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality during 3-year follow-up.

Extracellular stimulation of VSIG4/complement receptor Ig suppresses intracellular bacterial infection by inducing autophagy.

VSIG4/CRIg (V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 4) is a transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed specifically on macrophages and mature dendritic cells. VSIG4 signaling accelerates phagocytosis of C3-opsonized bacteria, thereby efficiently clearing pathogens within macrophages. We found that VSIG4 signaling triggered by C3-opsonized Listeria (opLM) or by agonistic anti-VSIG4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) induced macrophages to form autophagosomes.

Improvement of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Carnitine-Orotate Complex in Type 2 Diabetes (CORONA): A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of carnitine-orotate complex in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: Eight hospitals in Korea participated in this randomized, controlled, double-blind trial of patients with diabetes and NAFLD. Seventy-eight patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carnitine-orotate complex (824 mg, three times daily) or matching placebo.

A rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test based on single-cell morphological analysis.

A rapid antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) is desperately needed in clinical settings for fast and appropriate antibiotic administration. Traditional ASTs, which rely on cell culture, are not suitable for urgent cases of bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance owing to their relatively long test times. We describe a novel AST called single-cell morphological analysis (SCMA) that can determine antimicrobial susceptibility by automatically analyzing and categorizing morphological changes in single bacterial cells under various antimicrobial conditions.

A modified spica-splint in postoperative early-motion management of skier's thumb lesion: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Rupture of ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb (UCL) represents a frequent injury of the hand. Surgical repair is considered the gold standard but postoperative immobilization causes partial stiffness in a percentage of cases.

Aim: The aim of this paper was to assess the effectiveness of a postoperative functional hand-based splint for the thumb which allows immediate postoperative motion.

Durable response after just one cycle of belotecan-based chemotherapy in a patient with relapsed primary peritoneal serous carcinoma.

The efficacy of second-line chemotherapy for relapsed primary peritoneal serous carcinoma has been numerously reported, but reports on durable response after second-line therapy have been rare. We report the case of a 66-year-old woman with relapsed primary peritoneal serous carcinoma who showed durable response after just one cycle of second-line belotecan-based therapy. The response might be a complete pathologic remission.

Persistence of abnormal electrophysiological findings after carpal tunnel release.

Practitioners may refer to experienced hand surgeons to differentiate a recurrence in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) from a failed carpal tunnel release. The patient may complain about the reappearance of symptoms, whatever is the cause. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) are often required by the practitioner to assist the final diagnosis.

Combining an external fixator and an artificial nerve-guide for the treatment of a complex digital injury.

A complex digital injury, with tendon, nerve and bone losses, may pose the problem of which structure deserves the highest priority. Authors were able to treat tendon, nerve and bone lesions with the same level of priority thanks to the combined use of an external fixator and a nerve-guide.

Abductor pollicis longus hemitendon looping around the first intermetacarpal ligament as interposition following trapeziectomy: a one-year follow-up study.

Background: Trapeziectomy and ligament reconstructions are favoured by surgeons concerned that telescoping of the thumb may reduce its function. However, theoretically ligamentoplasties are at risk to develop tendinosis or tendon rupture or trigger a complex regional pain syndrome type 1.

Hypothesis: Authors tested the looping of a slip from the abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendon around the first intermetacarpal ligament.

In vivo study of ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate applied in direct contact with nerves regenerating in a novel nerve-guide.

Stitch suture is still the most recommended method to hold a nerve-guide in place but stitch suture is a well known cause of local inflammatory response. Glues of several kinds have been proposed as an alternative but they are not easy to apply in a real surgical setting. In 2006 authors developed a new concept of nerve-guide termed "NeuroBox" which is double-halved, not-degradable and rigid, and allows the use of cyanoacrylic glues.

Bladder tumor markers: a review of the literature.

Bladder cancer is among the top eight most frequent cancers. Its natural history is related to a combination of factors that impact on its aggressiveness. Cystoscopy and urine cytology are the currently used techniques for the diagnosis and surveillance of non-invasive bladder tumors.

Antiplatelet drugs: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition).

This article about currently available antiplatelet drugs is part of the Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). It describes the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of aspirin, reversible cyclooxygenase inhibitors, thienopyridines, and integrin alphaIIbbeta3 receptor antagonists. The relationships among dose, efficacy, and safety are thoroughly discussed, with a mechanistic overview of randomized clinical trials.

Hypothalamic derangement in traumatized patients: growth hormone (GH) and prolactin response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone and GH-releasing hormone.

Objective: To study the impact of severe head injury on both basal pituitary hormone secretion and the response to exogenous synthetic hypothalamic releasing factors (TRH and GHRH) in order to evaluate sequential changes in the central control of hypophyseal secretion in the days following head injury.

Design: Prospective clinical study

Patients: 21 comatose male patients with head injuries, each intubated and ventilated, intensively monitored and having no previous endocrine problems.

Measurements: AND RESULTS The GH and PRL responses to TRH (200 microg iv), and the GH and PRL responses to GHRH (50 microg iv) were evaluated, respectively, on the days 1 and 16 and on days 2, 7and 15 after admission.

Plasma prolactin response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone during benzodiazepine treatment.

Previously we observed that prolactin (PRL) is secreted in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in normal women during the periovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle. Because sedative drugs affect the neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of PRL secretion, we investigated PRL responsiveness to GnRH in pre- and postmenopausal female subjects during prolonged treatment with benzodiazepines (six-60 months). In both pre-and postmenopausal patients who were not on benzodiazepine treatment, GnRH infusion (0.