The therapeutic role of naringenin nanoparticles on hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Naringenin, a flavonoid compound found in citrus fruits, possesses valuable anticancer properties. However, its potential application in cancer treatment is limited by poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetics at tumor sites. To address this, Naringenin nanoparticles (NARNPs) were prepared using the emulsion diffusion technique and their anticancer effects were investigated in HepG2 cells.

De-escalation of surgical and radiation treatment in elderly luminal breast cancer patients, single institution report and review of the evidence.

Background: De-intensification of anti-cancer therapy without significantly affecting outcomes is an important goal. Omission of axillary surgery or breast radiation is considered a reasonable option in elderly patients with early-stage breast cancer and good prognostic factors. Data on avoidance of both axillary surgery and radiation therapy (RT) is scarce and inconclusive.

Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an ACT and compassion-based intervention for women with breast cancer: study protocol of two randomised controlled trials {1}.

Background: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and carries a considerable psychosocial burden. Interventions based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and compassion-based approaches show promise in improving adjustment and quality of life in people with cancer. The Mind programme is an integrative ACT and compassion-based intervention tailored for women with breast cancer, which aims to prepare women for survivorship by promoting psychological flexibility and self-compassion.

Potential role of P4HB in the tumor microenvironment and its clinical prognostic value: a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis and experimental validation with a focus on KIRC.

Background: Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in tumor growth and metastasis. Exploring biomarkers that are significantly associated with TME can help guide individualized treatment of patients.

Methods: We analyzed the expression and survival of P4HB in pan-cancer through the TCGA database, and verified the protein level of P4HB by the HPA database.

Personalized, autologous neoantigen-specific T cell therapy in metastatic melanoma: a phase 1 trial.

New treatment approaches are warranted for patients with advanced melanoma refractory to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) or BRAF-targeted therapy. We designed BNT221, a personalized, neoantigen-specific autologous T cell product derived from peripheral blood, and tested this in a 3 + 3 dose-finding study with two dose levels (DLs) in patients with locally advanced or metastatic melanoma, disease progression after ICB, measurable disease (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1) and, where appropriate, BRAF-targeted therapy.

Clinicogenomic landscape of pancreatic adenocarcinoma identifies KRAS mutant dosage as prognostic of overall survival.

Nearly all pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAC) are genomically characterized by KRAS exon 2 mutations. Most patients with PDAC present with advanced disease and are treated with cytotoxic therapy. Genomic biomarkers prognostic of disease outcomes have been challenging to identify.

Sustained virologic suppression of multidrug-resistant HIV in an individual treated with anti-CD4 domain 1 antibody and lenacapavir.

The clinical management of people with multidrug-resistant (MDR) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains challenging despite continued development of antiretroviral agents. A 58-year-old male individual with MDR HIV and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) was treated with a new antiretroviral regimen consisting of anti-CD4 domain 1 antibody UB-421 and capsid inhibitor lenacapavir. The individual experienced delayed but sustained suppression of plasma viremia and a substantial increase in the CD4 T cell count.

Role of the Microbiome and Diet for Response to Cancer Checkpoint Immunotherapy: A Narrative Review of Clinical Trials.

Purpose Of Review: The advent of checkpoint immunotherapy has dramatically changed the outcomes for patients with cancer. However, a considerable number of patients have little or no response to therapy. We review recent findings on the connection between the gut microbiota and the immune system, exploring whether this link could enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy.

AND-gated protease-activated nanosensors for programmable detection of anti-tumour immunity.

The forward design of biosensors that implement Boolean logic to improve detection precision primarily relies on programming genetic components to control transcriptional responses. However, cell- and gene-free nanomaterials programmed with logical functions may present lower barriers for clinical translation. Here we report the design of activity-based nanosensors that implement AND-gate logic without genetic parts via bi-labile cyclic peptides.

Circulating tumor cell plasticity determines breast cancer therapy resistance via neuregulin 1-HER3 signaling.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) drive metastasis, the leading cause of death in individuals with breast cancer. Due to their low abundance in the circulation, robust CTC expansion protocols are urgently needed to effectively study disease progression and therapy responses. Here we present the establishment of long-term CTC-derived organoids from female individuals with metastatic breast cancer.

Non-inferiority of minimally invasive rotational cutting in granulomatous mastitis treatment: a comparative trial.

Granulomatous mastitis (GM) poses challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its similarities with other breast diseases like cancer. The comparative study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a vacuum-assisted biopsy device with minimally invasive excisions compared to traditional wide local excisions. The vacuum-assisted biopsy device technique offers benefits such as precise tissue removal, reduced damage to healthy tissue, shorter surgery and recovery times, and lower postoperative complication risks.

Influence of Postmastectomy Radiotherapy on Overall Survival in Patients With Clinical Prognostic Stage I-III Breast Cancer With Positive Responses and Achieving YPN0 Following Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Propensity Score Matching Based on the SEER Database.

Introduction: The role of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in clinical prognostic stage I-III breast cancer patients with positive responses and achieving ypN0 after Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is controversial.

Methods: 3557 patients with TNM clinical prognostic stage (AJCC 8th Edition) I-III breast cancer with positive responses and achieving ypN0 following neoadjuvant therapy were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and followed through the end of 2020. COX proportional hazards models were employed to examine the associations between clinical or pathological parameters and OS.

Low- and High-Volume Disease in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: From CHAARTED to PSMA PET-An International Multicenter Retrospective Study.

High-volume disease (HVD) and low-volume disease (LVD) definitions in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients are based on conventional imaging (CI) (CT/MRI with bone scan [BS]) according to CHAARTED criteria. HVD and LVD definitions are associated with overall survival and are used for treatment decisions. It remains unknown how these definitions transfer to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET imaging.

Construction of exosome non-coding RNA feature for non-invasive, early detection of gastric cancer patients by machine learning: a multi-cohort study.

Background And Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a prevalent and preventable disease, yet accurate early diagnostic methods are lacking. Exosome non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), a type of liquid biopsy, have emerged as promising diagnostic biomarkers for various tumours. This study aimed to identify a serum exosome ncRNA feature for enhancing GC diagnosis.

Screening Criteria Evaluation for Expansion in Pulmonary Neoplasias (SCREEN) II.

Background: There is a need to expand eligibility criteria for lung cancer screening beyond age and smoking history. In this study, we sought to assess whether light-or-never-smokers and heavy smokers differ in molecular and immunologic markers based on conventional lung cancer screening criteria.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of lung cancer cases from 2005 to 2018 at a tertiary Canadian institution.

Describing quality of life trajectories in young Hispanic women with breast cancer: 5-year results from a large prospective cohort.

Introduction: Cancer treatments have a detrimental impact on the quality of life (QoL) of young women with breast cancer (YWBC). Research exploring QoL trajectories has been mostly centered on postmenopausal women. Here we report longitudinal changes across all QoL domains and associated factors in YWBC.

Fluorescent Nanobodies for enhanced guidance in digestive tumors and liver metastasis surgery.

Background: Fluorescence molecular imaging, a potent and non-invasive technique, has become indispensable in medicine for visualizing molecular processes. In surgical oncology, it aids treatment by allowing visualization of tumor cells during fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS). Targeting the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), overexpressed during tissue remodeling and inflammation, holds promise for advancing FGS by specifically highlighting tumors.

A self-assembled fluorescent nanoprobe recognized by FA1 site for specifically selecting HSA: Its applications in hemin detection, cell imaging and fluorescent tracing drug delivery.

As naturally essential biomacromolecule, HSA has become diagnostic indicators for various diseases and universal carriers for anticancer drug delivery, therefore, fluorescence detection and labeling for HSA possess significant application value in the biomedical field. In this paper, hydrazide Schiff base fluorescent probe NDQC was designed and synthesized, which self-assembled into nanoparticles in aqueous solution system and demonstrated excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards HSA. Through displacement assay and molecular docking simulation, the binding of NDQC with HSA in FA1 site was demonstrated, thereby no obvious fluorescence signal presented for homologous protein BSA due to their structural differences in binding site.

Impact of reactive sclerosis on outcome of MR-HIFU for osteoid osteomas.

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of clinical and procedural factors, particularly the thickness of reactive sclerosis, on clinical outcome of MR-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) for the treatment of symptomatic osteoid osteomas (OO) of the extremities.

Materials And Methods: 18 consecutive patients (median age 19.5y) with symptomatic OO of the extremities eligible for MR-HIFU were enrolled in this ongoing prospective study (German Clinical Trials Register; nr.

N6-methyladenosine modification of 3'tRF-AlaAGC impairs PD-1 blockade efficacy by promoting lactic acid accumulation in the tumor microenvironment of gastric carcinoma.

The balance between CD8 T cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy in gastric carcinoma (GC). However, related factors leading to the disturbance of TME and resistance to ICI therapy remain unknown. In this study, we applied N6-methyladenosine (m6A) small RNA Epitranscriptomic Microarray and screened out 3'tRF-AlaAGC based on its highest differential expression level and lowest inter-group variance.

Effectiveness of pharmacist-managed oncology ambulatory care for patients with non-small cell lung cancer in Taiwan.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is commonly treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, adverse events from such treatment can lead to treatment discontinuation and additional medical expenditures. Ambulatory care from oncology pharmacists in patient education and symptom management can benefit patients with NSCLC.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab with chemotherapy for metastatic nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer in Taiwan.

This study was aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab with chemotherapy (pembrolizumab combination therapy) and compare it with standard-of-care platinum-based chemotherapy (chemotherapy alone) as a first-line treatment for metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC from the perspective of Taiwan's third-party-payer public health-care system. We used a partitioned survival model with an estimated time horizon of 10 years. The partitioned survival model uses Kaplan-Meier estimates of progression-free and overall survival from the KEYNOTE-189 clinical trial.

LRP1 involvement in FHIT-regulated HER2 signaling in non-small cell lung cancer.

The tumor suppressor fragile histidine triad (FHIT) is frequently lost in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We previously showed that a down-regulation of FHIT causes an up-regulation of the activity of HER2 associated to an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and that lung tumor cells harboring a FHIT/pHER2 phenotype are sensitive to anti-HER2 drugs. Here, we sought to decipher the FHIT-regulated HER2 signaling pathway in NSCLC.

Aidi injection inhibits the migration and invasion of gefitinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating the PLAT/FAK/AKT pathway.

Background: With extended gefitinib treatment, the therapeutic effect in some non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients declined with the development of drug resistance. Aidi injection (ADI) is utilized in various cancers as a traditional Chinese medicine prescription. This study explores the molecular mechanism by which ADI, when combined with gefitinib, attenuates gefitinib resistance in PC9GR NSCLC cells.

Anlotinib in combination with metronomic chemotherapy in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: an observational and retrospective study.

Anti-angiogenesis offers an important treatment strategy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) provides antiangiogenic effects without increased toxicities, making it good partner for antiangiogenic therapy. We conducted the present retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus MCT for HER2 negative MBC.