The dynamics of a reacting polymer attached to a surface.

Scaling arguments are presented for end-to-wall reaction and end-to-end reactions of grafted chains for non-self-avoiding and self-avoiding chains with and without hydrodynamic interaction. The most realistic minimal model for the experiments of Kim and Lee (J Phys Chem Lett 12:4576, 2021. https://doi.

Electrochemical Investigation of the Oxidation of Phenolic Compounds Using Hypervalent Iodine Oxidants.

The chemical oxidation of simple phenolic compounds by the hypervalent iodine reagent [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene (HTIB) was investigated using electrochemical and spectroscopic methods. HTIB oxidized phenol and benzenediol isomers hydroquinone (HQ), catechol, and resorcinol to form various quinone structures. HQ and catechol, two compounds that show reversible electrochemical behavior, exhibited simple oxidative chemistry to their respective quinone structures that could be electrochemically reduced at a glassy carbon electrode.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress alters myelin associated protein expression and extracellular vesicle composition in human oligodendrocytes.

Myelination of the central nervous system is mediated by specialized glial cells called oligodendrocytes (OLs). Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by loss of myelination and subsequent clinical symptoms that can severely impact the quality of life and mobility of those affected by the disease. The major protein components of myelin sheaths are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and ER stress has been observed in patients with MS.

The Role of Personality, Just World Beliefs, and Rape Myth Acceptance on Sexual Violence Bystander Intentions.

Socioecological models of bystander intervention suggest that a complex decision-making process is required for a prosocial bystander to intervene, starting with intrapersonal variables of cognition and personality. This study investigates how rape myth acceptance, personality, and just world beliefs impact the frequency of positive bystander intention. The study's sample size consisted of 139 college students.

Velagliflozin, a once-daily, liquid, oral SGLT2 inhibitor, is effective as a stand-alone therapy for feline diabetes mellitus: the SENSATION study.

Objective: To investigate safety and effectiveness of velagliflozin oral solution as sole therapy in naïve and previously insulin-treated diabetic cats.

Animals: 252 client-owned cats receiving ≥ 2 doses of velagliflozin; 214 (85%) naïve diabetics and 38 (15%) insulin-treated diabetics.

Procedures: Prospective, baseline-controlled, open-label clinical field trial.

Development and Characterization of Polyethylenimine-Infiltrated Mesoporous Silica Foam Pellets for CO Capture.

Polyethylenimine (PEI) has been shown to be promising for direct air capture (DAC) of carbon dioxide and has potential for commercial scale-up globally. Laboratory scale processes include multiple steps, such as mixing, solvent extraction, vacuum application, sonication, and various flushes and activation steps. It is critical to properly control these operating parameters to achieve higher capture capacity as a result of the optimized material configuration.

Online Search Strategies and Results From a Crowdsourced Survey on Asymptomatic Bacteriuria.

Importance: Despite the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB), what proportion of the population is aware of this condition and the quality of internet resources are currently unknown.

Objective: This study aimed to use an online crowdsourcing platform to explore general knowledge and internet search strategies, along with the quality of information, on ASB.

Study Design: An online survey was administered through a crowdsourcing platform to women 50 years or older via Qualtrics, which is a sophisticated online survey tool.

A meta-analysis of technology acceptance in healthcare from the consumer's perspective.

Consumer-oriented health care technologies are increasingly available and transforming global health delivery systems. However, there is a paucity of research that systematically investigates health care technology acceptance from the consumer's perspective. This study conducts a literature review and meta-analysis to examine consumers' adoption intentions toward health care technologies.

Unidimensional versus multidimensional: A bifactor factor structure of the Self-Stigma Scale-Short (SSS-S) among U.S. adults with psychiatric disabilities.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the English version of the Self-Stigma Scale-Short (SSS-S), a nine-item self-report self-stigma measurement, among U.S. adults with psychiatric disabilities.

Confirmatory factor analysis of the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS-2.0) within the clubhouse model of psychosocial rehabilitation for serious mental illness.

Objective: The Clubhouse model (CM) for serious mental illness is a recovery-oriented and member-driven program that aims to facilitate functional recovery. Efficacy evaluation of the CM is limited by lack of uniform functional disability assessment. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.

Toward a human brain extracellular vesicle atlas: Characteristics of extracellular vesicles from different brain regions, including small RNA and protein profiles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released from different cell types in the central nervous system (CNS) and play roles in regulating physiological and pathological functions. Although brain-derived EVs (bdEVs) have been successfully collected from brain tissue, there is not yet a "bdEV Atlas" of EVs from different brain regions. To address this gap, we separated EVs from eight anatomical brain regions of a single individual and subsequently characterized them by count, size, morphology, and protein and RNA content.

Evaluation of -alkyl isatins and indoles as acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors.

Two series of -alkyl isatins and -alkyl indoles varying in size of the alkyl group were synthesised and evaluated for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Among the -alkyl isatins -, the addition of the -alkyl group improved inhibition potency towards AChE and BChE compared to isatin. Selectivity towards inhibition of BChE was observed, and the increase in size of the -alkyl group positively correlated to improved inhibition potency.

The impact of single-dose trazodone administration on plasma endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone and serum cortisol concentrations in healthy dogs.

Background: Conditions affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are common in dogs. Testing the function of the HPA axis includes measurement of endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (eACTH) and performance of an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test. Trazodone is commonly administered to dogs to decrease stress.

Impact of Imaging Biomarkers and AI on Breast Cancer Management: A Brief Review.

Breast cancer stands out as the most frequently identified malignancy, ranking as the fifth leading cause of global cancer-related deaths. The American College of Radiology (ACR) introduced the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) as a standard terminology facilitating communication between radiologists and clinicians; however, an update is now imperative to encompass the latest imaging modalities developed subsequent to the 5th edition of BI-RADS. Within this review article, we provide a concise history of BI-RADS, delve into advanced mammography techniques, ultrasonography (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), PET/CT images, and microwave breast imaging, and subsequently furnish comprehensive, updated insights into Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI), diagnostic imaging biomarkers, and the assessment of treatment responses.

Psychometric evaluation of the Symptom-Checklist-K-9 among U.S. working-age adults with psychiatric disabilities.

Purpose: The Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R; Derogatis, 1992) is a widely used self-report measure of psychiatric symptoms (Prinz et al., 2013), but it is longer than many screening measures used in certain settings. Recently, a nine-item form of the SCL-90-R, the Symptom-Checklist-K-9 (SCL-K-9), has been gaining traction despite the limited research examining its psychometric properties in the United States.

Avoidance behavior of Hyalella azteca in response to three common-use insecticides.

Non-target organisms in aquatic environments may experience lethal or sublethal effects following exposure to contaminants. Most protocols and regulations, however, are designed to provide protection from lethal effects and are thus based on conventional estimates of population lethality. The relative lack of reliable behavioral endpoints makes it challenging to implement regulations that are similarly protective against sublethal toxicity.

Growth inhibition and tissue accumulation of palladium in the ubiquitous macrofungus Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).

The growth effects and tissue accumulation of palladium (Pd) in the ubiquitous white-rot macrofungus Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) are reported. Submerged cultures of P. ostreatus were exposed to Pd (as NaPdCl) at concentrations of 0, 6.

A personalized classification of behavioral severity of autism spectrum disorder using a comprehensive machine learning framework.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized as a neurodevelopmental disorder with a heterogeneous nature, influenced by genetics and exhibiting diverse clinical presentations. In this study, we dissect Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) into its behavioral components, mirroring the diagnostic process used in clinical settings. Morphological features are extracted from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, found in the publicly available dataset ABIDE II, identifying the most discriminative features that differentiate ASD within various behavioral domains.