Missed opportunities for oral cancer screening in Australia.

Objectives: Most patients with oral cancer lack early symptoms, therefore most present with advanced stage of disease. Early detection of oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) in the asymptomatic phase via an opportunistic oral cancer screening examination is important as survival rates are significantly improved if the disease is treated at an earlier stage. The objective is to identify opportunities to achieve early stage diagnosis of oral cancer in Australian patients.

The economic burden of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Australia.

Objectives: The financial burden of treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma in Australia has never been reported, and there is a paucity of international data. Here, we report the direct costs of treatment of surgically resectable oral cancer in a tertiary public hospital in Australia over a 15-year period.

Materials And Methods: Pathology department records, records of hospital attendance and hospital finance department records were interrogated to determine the direct costs of inpatient and outpatient treatment.

The role of cyclin-dependent kinases in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major global health problem with a relatively low-moderate 5-year survival rate. OSCC is often preceded by lesions and conditions known as oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) that have an increased risk of malignant transformation. Despite advances in diagnostic technology and cancer research, the prognosis of OSCC remains poor as it is frequently detected a late stage.

CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1 and Notch1 immunocytochemical expression of oral brush liquid-based cytology for the diagnosis of oral leukoplakia and oral cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using oral liquid-based brush cytology (OLBC) coupled with immunocytochemistry as a minimally invasive approach to stratify the cancer risk in patients with oral leukoplakia.

Methods: Fifty-five patients diagnosed with either oral leukoplakia (OLK) or oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were recruited. All patients underwent oral brush biopsy followed by surgical biopsy.

Oral lichenoid dysplasia and not oral lichen planus undergoes malignant transformation at high rates.

Objectives: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) include a variety of mucosal lesions such as oral lichen planus (OLP), oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) and oral lichenoid dysplasia (OLD). Their rate of malignant transformation ranges from 0% to 34% and is dependent on OPMD type, lesion site and a range of risk factors. This study seeks to determine the proportion of oral lichenoid conditions that transform into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in an Australian population.

Quality of life in patients with oral leukoplakia.

Background: Oral leukoplakia (OL) is the most common oral potentially malignant disorder, yet despite its chronic and potentially disabling nature, the literature concerning impacts of OL on quality of life (QoL) is limited. This study aimed to evaluate QoL in subjects with OL compared to controls using QoL questionnaires.

Methods: Fifty individuals with OL and 50 controls matched for age, gender, smoking, and alcohol use were administered the Short Generic Health Questionnaire (SF-12) and the discipline-specific Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder Questionnaire (OPMDQ).

Usefulness of optical fluorescence imaging in identification and triaging of oral potentially malignant disorders: A study of VELscope in the LESIONS programme.

Background: Optical fluorescence imaging (OFI) has been shown to enhance the detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), by providing additional information about the nature of these lesions, with loss of autofluorescence (LAF) signifying potential underlying oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) or malignancy. This study aims to assess the usefulness of OFI in identification and triaging of OPMDs by primary oral health practitioners, in a community setting.

Methodology: Participants were recruited from the LESIONS programme in South-East Queensland, Australia.

Malignant transformation rate of oral leukoplakia in an Australian population.

Objectives: Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is one of the most common oral potentially malignant lesions (OPMD) and is reported to undergo malignant transformation (MT) to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) at rates of between 0.13% and 34%. This study seeks to determine the proportion of OLK lesions that develop into OSCC in an Australian population and assess the risk factors associated with this transformation.

Western Osteoporosis Alliance Clinical Practice Series: Treat-to-Target for Osteoporosis.

Patients often start treatment to reduce fracture risk because of a bone mineral density T-score consistent with osteoporosis (≤ -2.5). Others with a T-score above -2.

World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Prognostic biomarkers in oral leukoplakia: A systematic review of longitudinal studies.

Objective: To identify the prognostic biomarker candidates for stratification and long-term surveillance of oral leukoplakia progressing to cancer via a systematic literature review.

Materials And Methods: Systematic searches with no date restrictions were conducted on March 29, 2018, targeting the databases PubMed (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), EBM (Ovid), and Web of Science (ISI). Bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool.

World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Clinical evidence of differential expression of lncRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A scoping review.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in regulating gene expression pertaining to cell proliferation, survival, migration and genomic stability. Dysregulated expression of lncRNAs is implicated in cancer initiation, progression and metastasis.

Objectives: To explore, map and summarize the extent of evidence from clinical studies investigating the differential expression of lncRNAs in oral/tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Functional pathways involving differentially expressed lncRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) modulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and are involved in tumorigenesis. They can form complex secondary and tertiary structures and have been shown to act as precursors, enhancers, reservoirs and decoys in the complex endogenous RNA network. They were first reported in relation to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in 2013.

The importance of developing therapies targeting the biological spectrum of metastatic disease.

Great progress has been made in cancer therapeutics. However, metastasis remains the predominant cause of death from cancer. Importantly, metastasis can manifest many years after initial treatment of the primary cancer.

Depth-resolved birefringence imaging of collagen fiber organization in the human oral mucosa .

Stromal collagen organization has been identified as a potential prognostic indicator in a variety of cancers and other diseases accompanied by fibrosis. Changes in the connective tissue are increasingly considered for grading dysplasia and progress of oral squamous cell carcinoma, investigated mainly by histopathology. In this study, polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) with local phase retardation imaging is used for the first time to visualize depth-resolved (i.

Phase I open-label trial of intraperitoneal paclitaxel in combination with intravenous cisplatin and oral capecitabine in patients with advanced gastric cancer and peritoneal metastases (IPGP study): study protocol.

Introduction: Gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis has a poor outcome. Only a few studies have specifically investigated this group of patients. Japanese researchers have shown that chemotherapy with intraperitoneal paclitaxel (IPP) and oral S-1 (tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil) is active and well tolerated.

Optical fluorescence imaging in oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review.

Objectives: This study aimed to systematically review the efficacy of direct optical fluorescence imaging as an adjunct to comprehensive oral examination in the clinical evaluation, risk assessment and surgical management of oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders.

Methods: Studies adopting autofluorescence devices, evaluating the efficacy of comprehensive oral examination and optical fluorescence imaging in detection, visualisation or management of oral squamous cell carcinoma or oral potentially malignant disorders, as well as discriminating oral epithelial dysplasia from other mucosal lesions, were included in the literature search across bibliographic databases until October 2018.

Results: Twenty-seven studies were found to be eligible for inclusion in qualitative analysis.

Depth of invasion alone as an indication for postoperative radiotherapy in small oral squamous cell carcinomas: An International Collaborative Study.

Background: We aimed to investigate whether depth of invasion (DOI) should be an independent indication for postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in small oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of DOI (<5, 5 to <10, ≥10 mm) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in a multi-institutional international cohort of 1409 patients with oral SCC ≤4 cm in size treated between 1990-2011.

Results: In patients without other adverse factors (nodal metastases; close [<5 mm] or involved margins), there was no association between DOI and DSS, with an excellent prognosis irrespective of depth.

A randomized controlled feasibility trial of paracetamol during febrile neutropenia in hemato-oncology patients.

The efficacy of paracetamol (acetaminophen) as an antipyretic during febrile neutropenia (FN) has not previously been established. We conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled feasibility trial: hemato-oncology patients at high FN risk were randomly assigned to six hourly oral paracetamol (1 g) or placebo during the first 42 hours of FN. Fifty-three participants were screened, thirty-seven enrolled; 22 developed FN and commenced treatment (13 paracetamol; 9 placebo); recruitment rates were below, and retention rates met, pre-defined feasibility criteria.

Rituximab in patients with primary CNS lymphoma (HOVON 105/ALLG NHL 24): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 intergroup study.

Background: The prognosis for primary CNS lymphoma has improved with the use of high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy, but patient outcomes remain poor. Rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 cell surface protein, has substantial activity in systemic CD20-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, but its efficacy in primary CNS lymphoma is unknown and low penetration of the large rituximab molecule through the blood-brain barrier could limit its effect. We aimed to investigate the addition of rituximab to a high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy regimen in patients with newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma.

Electronic nicotine delivery systems: Oral health implications and oral cancer risk.

There is a paucity of evidence surrounding the potential detrimental effects of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) for both systemic and oral health. The effects of conventional cigarettes on the development of oral cancer are well known; however, the role of ENDS in oral carcinogenesis is yet to be elucidated. Furthermore, the exponential rise of the use of ENDS by the general public means that dental healthcare providers are more likely to encounter questions on their safety in the oral cavity, and on their effectiveness as a smoking cessation aid.

Phase 2 study of all-oral ixazomib, cyclophosphamide and low-dose dexamethasone for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

There is a need for efficacious, convenient treatments with long-term tolerability for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). This phase 2 study evaluated the all-oral combination of ixazomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (ICd). Patients with RRMM received ixazomib 4 mg and cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m on days 1, 8 and 15, and dexamethasone 40 mg on days 1, 8, 15 and 22 in 28-day cycles.

Anticariogenic efficacy of a saliva biomimetic in head-and-neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of treatment with the saliva biomimetic, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and SnF /NaF compared with SnF /NaF alone on coronal surface caries progression in head-and-neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods: Twenty-four participants were randomized into two groups. Both groups used 0.