Quantitative analysis of the polar cod (Boreogadus saida) hepatic proteome highlights interconnected responses in cellular adaptation and defence mechanisms after dietary benzo[a]pyrene exposure.

Increased industrial offshore activities in northern waters raise the question of impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on key Arctic marine species. One of these is the ecologically important polar cod (Boreogadus saida), which is the primary food source for Arctic marine mammals and seabirds. In the present work, we have conducted the first comprehensive proteomics study with this species by exploring the effects of dietary PAH exposure on the hepatic proteome, using benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) as a PAH model-compound.

Long-term pulse pressure trajectories and risk of incident atrial fibrillation: the Tromsø Study.

Background And Aims: Sex-based differences in the association of long-term trends in pulse pressure with future risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) have been explored using data from the population-based Tromsø Study 1986-2016.

Methods: Women (n = 8331) and men (n = 7638) aged ≥20 years who attended at least two of the three Tromsø Study surveys conducted between 1986 and 2001 (the exposure period) were followed up for incident AF throughout 2016 (the follow-up period). Pulse pressure ≥60 mmHg was considered elevated.

Exploring family profiles in explaining heterogeneity in parenting program engagement and effectiveness.

Parenting programs have proven effective in reducing disruptive child behavior. However, not all families benefit equally, and, to date, we have little insight into who benefits more or less and why. One possible solution is to explore how different potential moderators cluster together in individual families and whether such family profiles predict who benefits more or less from these programs.

Short term complications of conisation and long term effects on fertility related outcomes in Denmark: register based nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To report on complications of conisation and its effects on fertility and stenosis.

Design: Register based nationwide cohort study on routinely collected data using several linked databases.

Setting: Primary and secondary care in Denmark, 2006-18.

Near-Infrared Photothermal Conversion by Isocorrole and Phlorin Derivatives.

Photothermal therapy is a promising strategy for treating tumors and bacterial infections by using light irradiation to locally heat tissues. Metalloisoporphyrinoid materials have been investigated for their use as singlet oxygen photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy but remain underexplored as photothermal agents. Recently, two metallophlorin and two metalloisocorrole materials were found to have strong near-infrared absorbance, with low photoluminescent quantum yields, suggesting high rates of nonradiative decay.

Impulse control and correlation to dopamine agonist serum concentrations in people with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Impaired impulse control is often seen in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients using dopamine agonists.

Methods: We performed a therapeutic drug monitoring study of 100 PD patients using ropinirole or pramipexole extended release. Three blood samples were collected on the same day.

Patch-Wise Deep Learning Method for Intracranial Stenosis and Aneurysm Detection-the Tromsø Study.

Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) and intracranial aneurysms are prevalent conditions in the cerebrovascular system. ICAS causes a narrowing of the arterial lumen, thereby restricting blood flow, while aneurysms involve the ballooning of blood vessels. Both conditions can lead to severe outcomes, such as stroke or vessel rupture, which can be fatal.

Effect of plasma levels of factor VIII according to procoagulant phospholipids on the risk of future venous thromboembolism.

Background: A high level of plasma coagulation factor (F)VIII is an established and likely causal risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Procoagulant phospholipids (PPLs) facilitate FVIII activity in coagulation.

Objectives: To assess the association between plasma levels of FVIII and risk of future VTE according to PPL clotting time (PPL), an inverse surrogate measure of plasma PPL activity.

Potential plant extinctions with the loss of the Pleistocene mammoth steppe.

During the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, the dominant mammoth steppe ecosystem across northern Eurasia vanished, in parallel with megafauna extinctions. However, plant extinction patterns are rarely detected due to lack of identifiable fossil records. Here, we introduce a method for detection of plant taxa loss at regional (extirpation) to potentially global scale (extinction) and their causes, as determined from ancient plant DNA metabarcoding in sediment cores (sedaDNA) from lakes in Siberia and Alaska over the past 28,000 years.

Fracture liaison service (FLS) is associated with lower subsequent fragility fracture risk and mortality: NoFRACT (the Norwegian capture the fracture initiative).

Unlabelled: Subsequent fracture rates and associated mortality were compared before and after the introduction of fracture liaison service (FLS). In 100,198 women and men, FLS was associated with 13% and 10% lower risk of subsequent fragility fractures and 18% and 15% lower mortality. The study suggests that FLS may prevent fractures.

The potential for glacial flour to impact soil fertility, crop yield and nutrition in mountain regions.

Novel sustainable agricultural strategies that enhance soil nutrients and human nutrition are crucial for meeting global food production needs. Here, we evaluate the potential of "glacial flour," a naturally crushed rock produced by glaciers known to be rich in nutrients (P, K, and micronutrients) needed for plant growth. Our proof-of-concept study, investigated soybean ( var.

Physicians' experiences with pharmacists as new members of the interprofessional emergency department team. A qualitative study.

Pharmacists in emergency departments (EDs) can alleviate physicians' workload by handling medication-related tasks and offer valuable contributions in interprofessional teams. We aimed to explore physicians' experiences working with pharmacists in EDs, and their perspectives on future permanent collaboration. We conducted semi-structured interviews with twenty physicians from two EDs and analyzed the data using thematic analysis.

Exploring Tetraselmis chui microbiomes-functional metagenomics for novel catalases and superoxide dismutases.

The focus on microalgae for applications in several fields, e.g. resources for biofuel, the food industry, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, biotechnology, and healthcare, has gained increasing attention over the last decades.

Genetic diversity and intercontinental dispersal of temperate and subarctic populations of Dibothriocephalus dendriticus (Cestoda; Diphyllobothriidea), a causative agent of dibothriocephalosis.

The diphyllobothriid tapeworm Dibothriocephalus dendriticus, one of the causative agents of the fish-borne zoonosis dibothriocephalosis, is mainly distributed in the Arctic/subarctic and temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere (Europe, North America, and Asia), but also in the southern cone region of South America (Patagonia). The genetic structure and gene flow among 589 individuals of D. dendriticus, representing 20 populations, were studied using the mitochondrial cox1 gene as the first choice marker and 10 polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci as a dominant molecular tool.

Effect of Probiotics on C-Reactive Protein Levels in Schizophrenia: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Inflammatory markers play a pivotal role in schizophrenia, as they provide insight into the neuroinflammatory processes occurring in the context of the disorder. Elevated levels of these markers, particularly C-reactive protein (CRP), can indicate an underlying immune system dysregulation, potentially influencing symptom severity and progression. Recognizing these markers has led to investigate the use of probiotics as an adjuvant to improve the treatment of schizophrenia.

Challenges and considerations in liposomal hydrogels for the treatment of infection.

Introduction: Liposomal hydrogels are novel drug delivery systems that comprise preformed liposomes incorporated in hydrogels destined for mostly localized drug therapy, herewith antimicrobial therapy. The formulation benefits from versatility of liposomes as lipid-based nanocarriers that enable delivery of various antimicrobials of different lipophilicities, and secondary vehicle, hydrogel, that assures better retention time of formulation at the infection site. Especially in an era of alarming antimicrobial resistance, efficient localized antimicrobial therapy that avoids systemic exposure of antimicrobial and related side effects is crucial.

Toxic metals and other elements in Svalbard reindeer: Establishing baselines and assessing non-invasive sampling for biomonitoring.

Pollutants emitted from all over the world may reach pristine areas, such as the Arctic. The Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) has been the subject of a few studies reporting toxic metal concentrations. However, these studies either date back a few decades or exclusively used non-invasive samples (e.

Development of a PROM to measure patient-centredness in chronic care consultations in primary care.

Introduction: Validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are crucial for assessing patients' experiences in the healthcare system. Both clinically and theoretically, patient-centered consultations are essential in patient-care, and are often suggested as the optimal strategy in caring for patients with multimorbidity.

Aim: To either identify or develop and validate a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) to assess patient-centredness in consultations for patients with multimorbidity in general practice.

Patients' Use of e-Consultations as an Alternative to Other General Practitioner Services: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background: e-Consultations, defined as asynchronous text-based messaging, have transformed how patients interact with their general practitioner (GP). While e-consultations can improve patient access to GP care, concerns about increased workload for GPs are raised.

Objective: This study aimed to address three research questions: (1) For what purpose and with what expectations do patients initiate e-consultations? (2) If e-consultations had not been available, what alternative actions would the patient have taken? and (3) How are the alternative actions associated with patient and e-consultation characteristics?

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through a web-based survey on Helsenorge.

Surgeon Recommendation and Outcomes of Decompression With vs Without Fusion in Patients With Degenerative Spondylolisthesis.

Importance: The ability of surgeons to choose the right patient for fusion in addition to decompression when operating for degenerative spondylolisthesis with symptomatic spinal stenosis is debated. The addition of fusion increases risk, morbidity, and costs but has been claimed to give better results for selected patients.

Objective: To investigate whether following surgeons' opinions regarding fusion was associated with clinical outcomes.

Structural engineering of flagellin as vaccine adjuvant: quest for the minimal domain of flagellin for TLR5 activation.

Flagellin stimulates Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), triggering both innate and adaptive immune responses, making it a potential vaccine adjuvant. On mucosal surfaces, flagellin induces a strong release of cytokines, chemokines, and immunoglobulins. When used in its free monomeric form, flagellin has been shown to enhance immune responses when combined with vaccine antigens.

Promotion of beta cell proliferation through DYRK kinase inhibition using the marine natural product breitfussin C.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines, like interleukin-1 beta and interferon gamma, are known to activate signalling pathways causing pancreatic beta cell death and dysfunction, contributing to the onset of diabetes. Targeting cytokine signalling pathways offers a potential strategy to slow or even halt disease progression, reducing reliance on exogenous insulin and improving glucose regulation. This study explores the protective and proliferative effects of breitfussin C (BfC), a natural compound isolated from the Arctic marine hydrozoan Thuiaria breitfussi, on pancreatic beta cells exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Risk factors for all-cause mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period in an adult population of Arkhangelsk, Russia.

We investigated and compared mortality rates and risk factors for pre-pandemic and pandemic all-cause mortality in a population-based cohort of men and women in Arkhangelsk, Russia. A prospective cohort study enrolled 2,324 participants aged 35 to 69 years between 2015 and 2017. All participants were followed up for all-cause deaths using the mortality registry.

'Stuck or unstable': partnerships between GPs and patients with complex chronic conditions. A qualitative study.

Background: In chronic care, patient-GP collaboration is essential, but might be challenging if patients have complex health problems due to multimorbidity, psychosocial predicaments and addiction problems. To understand and manage these challenges, it is important to explore how patients' and GPs' attempt to collaborate, to maintain and achieve an alliance in order to gain good quality of care.

Aim: To explore how dyads of GPs and patients that GPs deem have complex health problems and difficulties following treatment perceive and manage challenges in their chronic care partnership.