Capecitabine or Capecitabine Plus Oxaliplatin Versus Fluorouracil Plus Cisplatin in Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CRTCOESC): A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 3 Trial.

Purpose: This phase 3 trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of capecitabine or capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) with those of fluorouracil plus cisplatin (PF) in definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (DCRT) for inoperable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to receive two cycles of capecitabine, XELOX, or PF along with concurrent intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Patients in each arm were again randomly assigned to receive two cycles of consolidation chemotherapy or not.

Efficacy and safety of zimberelimab (GLS-010) monotherapy in patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: a multicenter, single-arm, phase II study.

Objective: There is an unmet need to improve clinical outcomes for patients with recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer. Checkpoint inhibitors represent a promising treatment strategy. We evaluated the safety and anti-tumor activity of zimberelimab, an anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibody, in patients with previously treated, recurrent, metastatic cervical cancer.

DTL is a Novel Downstream Gene of E2F1 that Promotes the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the world's most prevalent malignancies, accounts for 90% of primary liver cancer cases. Recent studies have shown an increased expression of denticles E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog (DTL) in several different tumor types, but its function and regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the expressions of the Cullin4 (CUL4) complex in HCC and elucidate the roles of DTL in HCC cells.

Integrated bioinformatics analysis to identify the key gene associated with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a leading cause of death. The purpose of this research was to investigate the key gene in ccRCC tumor metastasis. Three microarray datasets (GSE22541, GSE85258, and GSE105261), which included primary and metastatic ccRCC tissues, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

deletion enhances the efficiency of immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Immunotherapy significantly improves the prognosis of advanced lung cancer. It has become an important treatment option for advanced lung cancer. However, there remain many limitations in clinical treatment, and only a small portion of patients can benefit from immunotherapy.

Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Signature of TMC Family of Genes as a Promising Biomarker for Prognosis and Immunotherapeutic Response.

Transmembrane Channel-like (TMC) genes are critical in the carcinogenesis, proliferation, and cell cycle of human cancers. However, the multi-omics features of TMCs and their role in the prognosis and immunotherapeutic response of human cancer have not been explored. We discovered that TMCs 4-8 were commonly deregulated and correlated with patient survival in a variety of cancers.

Methylation multiplicity and its clinical values in cancer.

Methylation at DNA, RNA and protein levels plays critical roles in many cellular processes and is associated with diverse differentiation events, physiological activities and human diseases. To aid in the diagnostic and therapeutic design for cancer treatment utilising methylation, this review provides a boutique yet comprehensive overview on methylation at different levels including the mechanisms, cross-talking and clinical implications with a particular focus on cancers. We conclude that DNA methylation is the sole type of methylation that has been largely translated into clinics and used for, mostly, early diagnosis.

MicroRNA‑192 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human breast cancer by targeting caveolin 1.

It has been demonstrated that microRNA‑192 (miR‑192) serves important roles in different cancer types, including breast cancer, prostate cancer and colorectal cancer. However, its biological role and function in breast cancer remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to determine the role of miR‑192 in breast cancer.

[Effects of Balance Acupuncture Combined with Motor Relearning for Lower Limb Motor Function of Stroke Patients with Hemiplegia].

Objective: To investigate the effect of balance acupuncture combined with motor relearning training on lower limb motor function in stroke patients with hemiplegia.

Methods: Eighty stroke patients were randomly assigned to motor relearning training group and balance acupuncture plus motor relearning group (＝40 cases in each). The motor relearning training program consisting of upper-limb functional training, lying supine, bedside sitting, sitting-balancing, standing up and down, standing-balancing, walking, orofacial functional training, etc.

Surgical significance and efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with primary lung adenosquamous carcinoma.

Background: Primary adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the lung is a rare and aggressive disease. The accurate diagnosis of ASC based on small biopsies is challenging because of the mixed components within the tumor, and this may lead to suboptimal treatment. Furthermore, information about the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in lung ASC is limited.

LRH1 enhances cell resistance to chemotherapy by transcriptionally activating MDC1 expression and attenuating DNA damage in human breast cancer.

Liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH1) has been shown to promote tumor proliferation and development. However, the functions of LRH1 in mediating cancer cells chemoresistance are still not clear. Here, we found LRH1 levels were significantly elevated in primary breast cancer tissues in patients who developed early recurrence.

Clinical outcomes of surgically resected combined small cell lung cancer: a two-institutional experience.

Background: The combined small cell lung cancer (c-SCLC) was rare and its clinicopathological characteristics had not been thoroughly described. The aim of this study was to determine prognostic factors and survival in c-SCLC patients.

Methods: Clinical records of patients with c-SCLC who underwent surgery between January 2009 and December 2013 in two institutions were retrospectively reviewed.

CQ synergistically sensitizes human colorectal cancer cells to SN-38/CPT-11 through lysosomal and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via p53-ROS cross-talk.

Autophagy plays a key role in supporting cell survival against chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. In this study, we found the chemotherapy agent SN-38 induced autophagy in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. However, inhibition of autophagy using a small molecular inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and ATG5 siRNA did not increase SN-38-induced cytotoxicity in CRC cells.

Inhibition of SRC-3 enhances sensitivity of human cancer cells to histone deacetylase inhibitors.

SRC-3 is widely expressed in multiple tumor types and involved in cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are promising antitumor drugs. However, the poor efficacy of HDAC inhibitors in solid tumors has restricted its further clinical application.

FOXM1 promotes invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells partially dependent on HSPA5 transactivation.

In this study, to investigate whether endoplastic reticulum (ER) stress correlated with FOXM1 in colorectal cancer, we analysed the mRNA levels of FOXM1 and ER stress markers HSPA5 and spliced XBP1 by qRT-PCR. FOXM1 mRNA levels were found to positively correlate with HSPA5 in colorectal cancer. However, no significant correlation between FOXM1 and spliced XBP1 mRNA levels was found.

Synergistic induction of apoptosis by salinomycin and gefitinib through lysosomal and mitochondrial dependent pathway overcomes gefitinib resistance in colorectal cancer.

Here, we showed the antibiotic salinomycin (SAL) combined with GEF exerted synergistic cytotoxicity effects in colorectal cancer cells irrespective of their EGFR and KRAS status, with a relatively low toxicity to normal cells. Additionally, combination of the two drugs overcame Ras-induced resistance and the acquired resistance to GEF. Further, we identified a new potential mechanism of this cooperative interaction by showing that GEF and SAL acted together to enhance production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and lysosomal membrane potential (LMP).

Overexpression of forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) plays a critical role in colorectal cancer.

Background: The forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), an important regulator of cell differentiation and proliferation, is overexpressed in a number of aggressive human carcinomas. However, the clinical significance of FOXM1 signaling in human colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of FOXM1 in CRC tumorigenesis.

Suppression of KLF8 induces cell differentiation and sensitizes colorectal cancer to 5-fluorouracil.

KLF8 is a member of the KLF transcription factor family that plays an important role in oncogenesis. However, the role of KLF8 in colorectal cancer remains unknown. The aims of the present study were to examine KLF8 expression in colorectal cancers, to determine the role of KLF8 in cell differentiation and to investigate the antiproliferative effect of KLF8 silencing.

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis-associated factor l (XAFl) enhances the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to cisplatin.

The purpose of present study was to investigate the roles of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis-associated factor l (XAFl) in regulation apoptosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells after treatment with cisplatin (DDP). A total of ten paired cancerous and non-cancerous tissues were collected from patients with CRC after surgery. The levels of XAFl protein were detected by Western blot.

Combination of gefitinib and DNA methylation inhibitor decitabine exerts synergistic anti-cancer activity in colon cancer cells.

Despite recent advances in the treatment of human colon cancer, the chemotherapy efficacy against colon cancer is still unsatisfactory. In the present study, effects of concomitant inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and DNA methyltransferase were examined in human colon cancer cells. We demonstrated that decitabine (a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor) synergized with gefitinib (an EGFR inhibitor) to reduce cell viability and colony formation in SW1116 and LOVO cells.