Identification of biomarkers and immune microenvironment associated with pterygium through bioinformatics and machine learning.

Background: Pterygium is a complex ocular surface disease characterized by the abnormal proliferation and growth of conjunctival and fibrovascular tissues at the corneal-scleral margin. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of pterygium is crucial for developing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Methods: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of pterygium, we conducted a differential gene expression analysis between pterygium and normal conjunctival tissues using high-throughput RNA sequencing.

Aconitine promotes ROS-activated P38/MAPK/Nrf2 pathway to inhibit autophagy and promote myocardial injury.

Background: Aconitine has cardiotoxicity, but the mechanism of cardiotoxicity induced by aconitine is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of myocardial injury induced by aconitine.

Methods: Using aconitine, ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine(NAC), the autophagy activitor Rapamycin (Rap) or the P38/MAPK pathway activitor Dehydrocorydaline treats H9C2 cells.

Effects of mixed exposure to PFAS on adolescent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Integrating evidence from human cohorts, toxicogenomics, and animal models to uncover mechanisms and potential target sites.

Extensive evidence suggests a correlation between environmental pollutants, specifically perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aims to investigate the association and underlying mechanisms of PFAS-induced NAFLD in adolescents by employing a comprehensive approach of population-based studies, toxicogenomics, and animal models. A total of 2014 freshmen from Dali University were recruited for this study, with 1694 participants undergoing serum testing for PFAS exposure.

Multi-omics analysis reveals indicator features of microbe-host interactions during colonization and subsequent infection.

Introduction: gastrointestinal (GI) colonization is crucial for the onset of invasive disease. This research encompassed 31 patients diagnosed with spp. bloodstream infections during their admission to a university hospital in China.

The correlation between Diabetes and age-related degeneration and the static and dynamic 3D mechanical distribution of different plantar regions.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the distribution of plantar pressure and anterior-posterior (AP) or medial-lateral (ML) shear forces in healthy younger (HY) people, healthy older (HO) people, and diabetic patients, both in static standing and during gait.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 HY adults, 16 HO adults and 15 diabetic patients were included. The static mechanical distribution measurements included: static horizontal, AP slope plane, and left/right slope standing.

Neuroprotective Role of Transchalcone in Parkinson's Disease through AMP-activated Protein Kinase-mediated Signaling Pathway.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a gradually worsening neurodegenerative condition marked by the deterioration of dopaminergic neurons, motor dysfunction, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Trans-chalcone, a natural flavonoid, has shown promise in various disease models because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features. This study investigates the neuroprotective effects of transchalcone in a rat model of PD, focusing on its impact on the activation levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) proteins, and mitochondrial-inflammatory responses.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel highly potent FXR agonists bearing piperidine scaffold.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has become a serious threat to human health, which exhibited an increasing prevalence globally. Recently, the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has been identified as a promising strategy for the treatment of MASH by regulating multiple pathogenesis. In this study, a new series of FXR agonists bearing piperidine scaffold was designed to reduce the high lipophilicity of the existing FXR agonists.

LINC00261 triggers DNA damage via the miR-23a-3p/CELF2 axis to mitigate the malignant characteristics of I-resistant papillary thyroid carcinoma cells.

Background: Long-chain non-coding RNA (LINC00261) in the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with I is still unknown despite its proven anti-tumour effect in thyroid cancer (TC) and other types of cancer.

Methods: The database and RT-qPCR were used to analyze the expression level of LINC00261 in PTC and cell lines. PTC cells resistant to I (TPC-1/R) were created through ongoing exposure to a lethal dose of I, and a subcutaneous xenotransplantation model was developed using PTC mice.

Strategy Optimization for a Combined Procedure in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The COMBINATION Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The optimal strategy of combining left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) with catheter ablation (CA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during a single procedure remains unclear.

Objective: To determine the effects of ablation-first vs occlusion-first strategies on long-term clinical outcomes among patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing a combined LAAO and CA procedure.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The prospective, multicenter COMBINATION randomized clinical trial was conducted in 14 high-volume centers in China.

Thoracoscopic minimally invasive surgical treatment with the same incisions in a patient with uremia complicated with large thymoma and right upper lobe lung cancer: a case report.

A 41 year old female with stage 5 chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis was admitted to the hospital. Chest CT scan revealed a large mass lesion of approximately 6.0 × 3.

Investigations of associations between TNF-α promoter polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study in Chinese Han population.

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterised by insulin resistance and a relative shortage of insulin secretion. Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays an important role in insulin resistance by impairing insulin signal transduction. The variants of the TNF-α promoter region are considered to influence its transcription and are associated with the TNF-α level.

In Situ Synthesis and Characterizations of a Strontium-Substituted Dicalcium Phosphate Anhydrous/Hydroxyapatite Biphasic Whisker and Its Properties Evaluation.

Dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) presents good biomineralization ability, the strontium element is known for superior bone affinity, and a whisker possesses good mechanical strength; all these are beneficial for improving the drawbacks of hydroxyapatite (HAP) like weaker mechanical properties, poor biomineralization, and slower degradation/absorption. Therefore, a homogeneous precipitation was adopted to synthesize Sr-substituted and DCPA and HAP coexisting whiskers. The composition, structure, and morphology based on urea dosage and substitution content were characterized, and the roles of DCPA, Sr, and whisker shape were investigated.

The shared molecular mechanism of spinal cord injury and sarcopenia: a comprehensive genomics analysis.

Introduction: The occurrence of Spinal cord injury (SCI) brings economic burden and social burden to individuals, families and society, and the complications after SCI greatly affect the rehabilitation and treatment of patients in the later stage.This study focused on the potential biomarkers that co-exist in SCI and sarcopenia, with the expectation to diagnose and prognose patients in the acute phase and rehabilitation phase using comprehensive data analysis.

Methods: The datasets used in this study were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Pulmonary Embolism Risk Assessment in Acute Isolated Distal Deep Venous Thrombosis.

The clinical risk factors and risk of developing pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with acute isolated distal deep venous thrombosis (IDDVT) were assessed using single complete-duplex ultrasound (CDUS) imaging to reduce over-testing and over-treatment. This observational study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2022. Retrospective analysis was performed on CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA), blood coagulation markers, myocardial injury markers, blood gas analysis, and CDUS imaging of the lower extremity blood vessels of 146 patients with newly diagnosed IDDVT.

The changes of tPA/PAI-1 system are associated with the ratio of BDNF/proBDNF in major depressive disorder and SSRIs antidepressant treatment.

Increasing evidence demonstrates that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can be regarded as a biomarker for major depression. Our previous work found that the ratio of mature BDNF (mBDNF) to precursor-BDNF (proBDNF) was a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). But the mechanism behind the ratio is still obscure.

Five Undescribed Sesquiterpenes with Anti-Inflammasome Activity Isolated from Saussurea Laniceps.

Five previously undescribed guaialactone-type sesquiterpenes (1-5), called Lanicepsmines A-E, along with eleven know compounds (6-16), were isolated from the whole plant of Saussurea laniceps. NMR spectroscopic data analysis and MASS permitted the definition of their structures. The stereochemistry of the compounds was confirmed by ECD calculations.

Caveolin-1 protects retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma by reducing TLR4 and activating the Akt/PTEN signaling pathway.

Glaucoma is a degenerative disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and visual impairment caused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Elevated IOP can activate microglia, which participate in ganglion cell injury. Based on the study of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in glaucoma, we aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of Cav-1 on RGC apoptosis in mice with acute ocular hypertension (AOH).

Mycobacterium marseillense bloodstream infection combined with skin fungal infection: a case report and literature review.

Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are present widely in the natural environment and can invade the human body through the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Immunocompromised patients are particularly prone to infection, which primarily affects multiple organs, including the lungs, lymph nodes, and skin. However, cases of NTM bloodstream infections are rare.

Machine learning and experimental validation of novel biomarkers for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and cancers.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a hereditary cardiac disorder marked by anomalous thickening of the myocardium, representing a significant contributor to mortality. While the involvement of immune inflammation in the development of cardiac ailments is well-documented, its specific impact on HCM pathogenesis remains uncertain. Five distinct machine learning algorithms, namely LASSO, SVM, RF, Boruta and XGBoost, were utilized to discover new biomarkers associated with HCM.

Combined maternal KIR2DL4 and fetal HLA-G polymorphisms were associated with preeclampsia in a Han Chinese population.

Preeclampsia is the main cause of maternal and infant mortality and morbidity during pregnancy. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL4 (KIR2DL4) and human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) play crucial roles in immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface. In this case‒control study, 154 maternal-fetal pairs were recruited, including 74 pairs with preeclampsia (56 of 74 pairs from family triads) and 80 pairs with a normal pregnancy (78 of 80 pairs from family triads).