Altered cerebral gray matter volume and functional connectivity in patients with residual dizziness of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Aim: To provide a theoretical basis for the study of the pathogenesis of residual dizziness (RD) from the perspective of imaging.

Materials And Methods: The general clinical data of the RD group and healthy control (HC) group were statistically analysed by two independent sample t tests, rank sum tests or chi-square tests. The imaging data of the two groups of people were preprocessed and statistically analysed by using the data processing and analysis for brain imaging (DPABI) software package.

The relationship between cardiometabolic Index and diabetic kidney disease in people with diabetes.

Introduction: Studies have shown a strong correlation between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and health issues such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, and decreased renal function. Nevertheless, the correlation between CMI and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains ambiguous. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between CMI and DKD in patients with diabetes in the United States.

Abnormal insulin metabolism and decreased levels of mindfulness in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Disorders of insulin metabolism are strongly associated with a variety of psychological problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in mindfulness levels among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients categorized based on their insulin resistance and β-cell function.

Methods: A total of 157 T2DM patients were included in this study and divided into four groups according to their levels of insulin resistance and β-cell function.

[Application of elbow skin fold extension line in extreme elbow flexion in ulnar Kirschner wire insertion of extended supracondylar humeral fractures in children].

Objective: To discuss the elbow skin fold extension line in Kirschner wire internal fixation of extended supracondylar humeral fractures in children.

Methods: The clinical data of 58 children with extended supracondylar fractures of the humerus who met the selection criteria between August 2021 and July 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. In 28 cases, needle placement of medial epicondyle of humerus was performed with the assistance of the elbow skin fold extension line (study group), and 30 cases were assisted by routine touch of the medial epicondyle of the humerus (control group).

Directional Freeze-Casting Cryogel Loaded with Quaternized Chitosan Modified Gallium Metal-Organic Frameworks to Capture and Eradicate the Resistant Bacteria for Guided Regeneration in Infected Bone Defects.

Antimicrobial resistance and impaired bone regeneration are the great challenges in treating infected bone defects. Its recurrent and resistant nature, high incidence rate, long-term hospitalization, and high medical costs have driven the efforts of the scientific community to develop new therapies to improve the situation. Considering the complex microenvironment and persistent mechanisms mediated by resistant bacteria, it is crucial to develop an implant with enhanced osseointegration and sustained and effective infection clearance effects.

A novel peptide encoded by circSRCAP confers resistance to enzalutamide by inhibiting the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of AR-V7 in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: The sustained activation of androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) is a key factor in the resistance of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) to second-generation anti-androgens such as enzalutamide (ENZ). The AR/AR-V7 protein is regulated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1 and a complex involving HSP70, but the precise mechanism remains unclear.

Methods: High-throughput RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) in ENZ-resistant and control CRPC cells.

First-line cadonilimab plus chemotherapy in HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy have been the standard of care in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma; however, the survival benefits are modest in patients with low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Here we investigated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) bispecific antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. The prespecified interim analysis is reported here.

Regulation of macrophage-mediated osteogenesis by kaempferol liposomes in trauma-induced heterotopic ossification.

Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is characterized by abnormal bone formation outside the skeleton following injury or inherited disease, leading to limb dysfunction and neurological deficits. Current treatment options for HO are largely ineffective.

Methods: A network pharmacological analysis was conducted to identify the active ingredients and protein targets in Astragalus and Cinnamon Twig Five-Substance Decoction (ACTFSD) on HO.

LILRB4 as a novel immunotherapeutic target for multiple diseases.

Immune checkpoints are critical for maintaining autoimmune homeostasis and are implicated in various autoimmune diseases, with their significance increasingly recognized. Investigating the functions and mechanisms of these checkpoints is essential for the development of more effective treatments. Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 4 (LILRB4) stands out as a unique immune checkpoint, with limited expression in most normal tissues but prominent presence in various hematological and solid tumors.

Rescue-like behavior in a bystander mouse toward anesthetized conspecifics promotes arousal via a tongue-brain connection.

Prosocial behaviors are advantageous to social species, but the neural mechanism(s) through which others receive benefit remain unknown. Here, we found that bystander mice display rescue-like behavior (tongue dragging) toward anesthetized cagemates and found that this tongue dragging promotes arousal from anesthesia through a direct tongue-brain circuit. We found that a direct circuit from the tongue → glutamatergic neurons in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN) → noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) drives rapid arousal in the anesthetized mice that receive the rescue-like behavior from bystanders.

Comparison of upper airway volume and hyoid position after camouflage orthodontic or orthodontic-orthognathic treatment in patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion with normal-angle vertical pattern.

Objectives: This study aims to compare the effects of two orthodontic treatment modalities for skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion on specific changes in airway volume, morphology, palatal angle, mandibular rotation, and bone displacement. Results provide scientific evidence for the selection of orthodontic treatment plans and reduce the risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

Methods: Thirty-six patients diagnosed with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion at the Department of Orthodontics, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2018 to December 2023 were divided into two groups: orthodontic-orthognathic treatment group (18 patients) and camouflage orthodontic treatment group (18 patients).

Targeting MAPK14 by Lobeline Upregulates Slurp1-Mediated Inhibition of Alternative Activation of TAM and Retards Colorectal Cancer Growth.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) usually creates an immunosuppressive microenvironment, thereby hindering immunotherapy response. Effective treatment options remain elusive. Using scRNA-seq analysis in a tumor-bearing murine model, it is found that lobeline, an alkaloid from the herbal medicine lobelia, promotes polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward M1-like TAMs while inhibiting their polarization toward M2-like TAMs.

Huoxiang Zhengqi dropping pills alleviate exertional heat stroke-induced multiple organ injury through sustaining intestinal homeostasis via regulating MAPK/NF-κB pathway and gut microbiota in rats.

Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a life-threatening condition characterized by hyperthermia and multi-organ dysfunction, often associated with intestinal barrier disruption. This study evaluated the protective effects of Huoxiang Zhengqi Dropping Pills (HXZQD) against EHS in a rat model. HXZQD was administered via oral gavage at low, medium, and high doses, followed by EHS induction through exercise under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions.

Hepatotoxicity of statins: a real-world study based on the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database.

Background: Statins, as an important class of lipid-lowering drugs, play a key role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, with their widespread use in clinical practice, some adverse events have gradually emerged. In particular, the hepatotoxicity associated with statins use has become one of the clinical concerns that require sufficient attention.

The effect of zopiclone co-administration on sertraline initial dosage optimization in pediatric major depressive disorder patients based on model-informed precision dosing.

Objective: The present study aims to explore the initial dosage optimization of sertraline in pediatric major depressive disorder (MDD) patients based on model-informed precision dosing (MIPD).

Methods: A total of 111 pediatric MDD patients treated with sertraline were included for analysis using MIPD. Sertraline concentration levels, physiological and biochemical indexes of pediatric MDD patients, combined drug information were included in the construction of model.

Disparities in cancer-related financial toxicity across economically diverse provinces in China: A multi-center cross-sectional study.

Objective: China's diverse economic landscape across its regions may contribute to disparities in cancer-related financial toxicity (FT), but empirical evidence is lacking. This study examined regional disparities in cancer-related FT across economically diverse provinces in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients with cancer from six tertiary and six secondary hospitals across three Chinese provinces with varying economic statuses (high-, middle-, and low-income).

Application of Multifunctional Metal Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Glioma.

Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with a poor survival rate. It is characterized by diffuse and invasive growth and heterogeneity, which limits tumor identification and complete resection. Therefore, the precise detection and postoperative adjuvant therapy of gliomas have become increasingly important and urgent.

Engineering EVs-Mediated mRNA Delivery Regulates Microglia Function and Alleviates Depressive-Like Behaviors.

The development of new non-neurotransmitter drugs is an important supplement to the clinical treatment of major depressive disorder. The latest development of mRNA therapy provides the possibility for the treatment of some major diseases. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria constitute a highly interconnected set of fundamental organelles within cells.

Construction of a prognostic prediction model for colorectal cancer based on 5-year clinical follow-up data.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignant tumor that presents significant challenges to both public health and healthcare systems. The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning model based on five years of clinical follow-up data from CRC patients to accurately identify individuals at risk of poor prognosis. This study included 411 CRC patients who underwent surgery at Yixing Hospital and completed the follow-up process.

S-ketamine alleviates morphine-induced hyperalgesia via decreasing the gut Enterobacteriaceae levels: Comparison with R-ketamine.

Background: Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) is a serious complication during the pain treatment. Ketamine has been commonly reported to treat OIH, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Gut microbiota is recently recognized as one of the important mechanisms underlying the occurrence and treatment of OIH.

Regulation and therapy: the role of ferroptosis in DLBCL.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), up to 30%-40% of patients will relapse and 10%-15% of patients have primary refractory disease, so exploring new treatment options is necessary. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death mode discovered in recent years. Its occurrence pathway plays an essential impact on the therapeutic effect of tumors.

A bibliometric analysis of 30 years of research on transarterial radioembolization (TARE) for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have very limited treatment options, among which transarterial radioembolization (TARE) receives increasing attention, relying on its promising efficacy and fewer side effect. However, a bibliometric analysis of TARE for HCC is still lacking. This study employed bibliometric methods to analyze the related articles over the past three decades, and aimed to identify trends in clinical research comparing TARE to other treatments.

Exploring the causal role of plasma metabolites and metabolite ratios in prostate cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa), the most prevalent malignant neoplasm in males, involves complex biological mechanisms and risk factors, many of which remain unidentified. By employing a novel two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, this study aims to elucidate the causal relationships between the circulating metabolome and PCa risk, utilizing comprehensive data on genetically determined plasma metabolites and metabolite ratios.

Methods: For the MR analysis, we utilized data from the GWAS Catalog database to analyze 1,091 plasma metabolites and 309 ratios in relation to PCa outcomes within two independent GWAS datasets.

The role of phospholipid transfer protein in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.

Background: Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), a glycoprotein widely expressed in the body, is primarily involved in plasma lipoprotein metabolism. Previous research has demonstrated that PLTP can exert anti-inflammatory effects and improve individual survival in patients with sepsis and endotoxemia by neutralizing LPS and facilitating LPS clearance. However, the role of PLTP in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) and the specific mechanism of its protective effects are unclear.

Association between fasting blood glucose and psychotic symptoms in Chinese patients with first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder.

Introduction: Psychotic depression (PD) is a highly debilitating disorder characterized by hallucinations and/or delusions accompanied by depression. A variety of neurotransmitters, hormones and corresponding receptors in the endocrine system are involved in the onset and progression of depression, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) can be an important indicator for monitoring the stability of the endocrine system. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between FBG and PD in a Chinese population with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) major depressive disorder (MDD).