Hypoxia-Induced miR-210 Promotes Endothelial Cell Permeability and Angiogenesis via Exosomes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Exosomes have been proven to play important diagnostic, regulatory, or communication roles in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, or metastasis; in recent studies, lots of molecules, including miRNAs, were found to be aberrantly expressed in tumor exosomes and were correlated with tumor development. However, studies about the expression, relationship, or control mechanisms of miRNAs in exosomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are scarce and urgently needed. The aim of this article was to identify and investigate abnormally expressed miRNAs in PDAC exosomes and .

TREM2 activation alleviates neural damage via Akt/CREB/BDNF signalling after traumatic brain injury in mice.

Background: Neuroinflammation is one of the most important processes in secondary injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) has been proven to exert neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases and stroke by modulating neuroinflammation, and promoting phagocytosis and cell survival. However, the role of TREM2 in TBI has not yet been elucidated.

Which Predictor, SctO2 or SstO2, Is more Sensitive for Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Spine Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study?

Objective: Patients undergoing spinal surgery in the prone position may experience venous stasis, often resulting in edema in dependent areas of the body, including the head, and increased postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Not only does POCD present challenges for post-operative care and recovery, it can also cause permanent damage to the patient's brain and increase mortality and social costs. We aimed to clarify the incidence of POCD in patients with hypertension after prone spine surgery and to further determine the association between intraoperative somatic tissue oxygen saturation (SstO2)/cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2) and POCD.

NF1 Gene Novel Splicing Mutations in a Chinese Family with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Case Series.

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common autosomal dominant genetic disorder. NF1 is a multisystemic disease and its pathogenesis involves mutations in the NF1 gene on chromosome 17q11.2 causing RAS overactivation to stimulate abnormal cell proliferation.

Dynamin-Related Protein 1 Is Involved in Mitochondrial Damage, Defective Mitophagy, and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Induced by MSU Crystals.

Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has great impacts on MSU crystal-induced inflammation. Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission is closely associated with mitochondrial ROS levels. However, whether Drp1 signaling contributes to MSU crystal-induced inflammation remains unclear.

Anti-fibrotic effect of extracellular vesicles derived from tea leaves in hepatic stellate cells and liver fibrosis mice.

Background: Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is essential for the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, there is no effective drug used to prevent or reverse the fibrotic process.

Methods: With human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 and mouse model of CCl-induced liver fibrosis, we investigated the anti-fibrotic effect to liver fibrosis of extracellular vesicles (EVs) extracted from tea leaves through cytological tests such as cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell fibrotic marker.

Results: It was found that tea-derived EVs (TEVs) inhibited HSCs activation.

Application of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The morbidity and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rank 6 and 4, respectively, among malignant tumors worldwide. Traditional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) uses the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) obtained by applying the monoexponential model to reflect water molecule diffusion in active tissue; however, the value of ADC is affected by microcirculation perfusion. Using a biexponential model, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-DWI quantitatively measures information related to pure water molecule diffusion and microcirculation perfusion, thus compensating for the shortcomings of DWI.

Timing of Tracheostomy in Patients with Intracerebral Haemorrhage: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Aims: Although early tracheostomy (ET) is recommended for patients with severe stroke, the optimal timing of tracheostomy for patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) remains controversial. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics, risk factors and timing of tracheostomy in patients after tracheal intubation using a propensity-matched analysis.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective database search and assessed 267 consecutive patients who underwent endotracheal intubation (175 of whom underwent tracheostomy) and ICH between July 2017 and June 2021.

CT radiomics combined with clinical variables for predicting the overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after hepatectomy.

Purpose: To establish a model for assessing the overall survival (OS) of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after hepatectomy based on the clinical and radiomics features.

Methods: This study recruited a total of 267 patients with HCC, which were randomly divided into the training (N = 188) and validation (N = 79) cohorts. In the training cohort, radiomic features were selected with the intra-reader and inter-reader correlation coefficient (ICC), Spearman's correlation coefficient, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO).

Application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the treatment of uterine fibroids by high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation: A retrospective study.

Purpose: To determine efficacy and safety of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of uterine fibroids (UFs).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed women undergoing HIFU ablation for UFs between June 2018 and January 2020. Before and after HIFU, patients underwent CEUS and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations.

Targeted delivery of irinotecan to colon cancer cells using epidermal growth factor receptor-conjugated liposomes.

Background: CPT-11 (irinotecan) is one of the most efficient agents used for colorectal cancer chemotherapy. However, as for many other chemotherapeutic drugs, how to minimize the side effects of CPT-11 still needs to be thoroughly described.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop the CPT-11-loaded DSPE-PEG 2000 targeting EGFR liposomal delivery system and characterize its targeting specificity and therapeutic effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in vitro and in vivo.

β-Hydroxybutyrate Attenuates Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Restoration of the Aquaporin-4 Polarity in the Spinal Glymphatic System.

Waste removal is essential for maintaining homeostasis and the normal function of the central nervous system (CNS). The glymphatic system based on aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels on the endfeet of astrocytes is recently discovered as the excretion pathway for metabolic waste products of CNS. In the CNS, α-syntrophin (SNTA1) directly or indirectly anchors AQP4 in astrocyte membranes facing blood vessels.

Effects of etomidate combined with dexmedetomidine on adrenocortical function in elderly patients: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Etomidate has been advocated to be used in anesthesia for the elderly and the critically ill patients due to its faint effect on cardiovascular system. But the dose-dependent suppression of etomidate on adrenal cortex function leads to the limitation of its clinical application. Clinical research showed that dexmedetomidine could reduce the dose requirements for intravenous or inhalation anesthetics and opioids, and the hemodynamics was more stable during the operation.

Giant renal schwannoma with obvious hemorrhage and cystic degeneration: a case report and literature review.

Background: Renal schwannomas are very rare and are usually benign. Its clinical symptoms and imaging features are nonspecific, and the diagnosis is usually confirmed by pathology after surgical resection.

Case Presentation: A 46-year-old Chinese female was admitted to the hospital with right flank pain that had persisted for the six months prior to admission.

Small (≤ 20 mm) ground-glass opacity pulmonary lesions: which factors influence the diagnostic accuracy of CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy?

Background: The diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy (CNB) for small (≤ 20 mm) ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesions has not been reported in detail.

Objectives: To evaluate factors that affect the diagnostic accuracy of CT-guided percutaneous CNB for small (≤ 20 mm) GGO pulmonary lesions.

Methods: From January 2014 to February 2018, 156 patients with a small (≤ 20 mm) GGO pulmonary lesion who underwent CT-guided CNB were enrolled in this study.

Plasticity of the spinal glymphatic system in male SD rats with painful diabetic neuropathy induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The glymphatic system is a recently discovered glial-dependent macroscopic interstitial waste clearance system that promotes the efficient elimination of soluble proteins and metabolites from the central nervous system. Its anatomic foundation is the astrocytes and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels on the endfeet of astrocytes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the plasticity of the spinal glymphatic system in male SD rats with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Adenosine Downregulates the Activities of Glutamatergic Neurons in the Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus Required for Sleep.

Adenosine is an endogenous substance that regulates sleep homeostasis. It plays an important role in sleep induction under physiological condition. So far, the neural mechanisms underlying sleep-promoting effects of adenosine are not completely clear.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of psychological intervention nursing on the quality of life of breast cancer patients.

Background: With the increasing incidence of breast cancer, breast cancer patients suffered from psychological problems in different degrees. There was no unified conclusion on whether psychological intervention nursing can improve the quality of life (QOL) of breast cancer patients. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the impact of psychological nursing interventions on the quality of life of breast cancer patients.

Influencing factors of obesity in community patients with deficit schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Obesity is very common in patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to evaluate the influencing factors of obesity in community patients with deficit schizophrenia, to provide implication for schizophrenia management in community.

Methods: We selected patients with deficit schizophrenia who lived in 10 communities in our city from March 1 to June 30, 2021.

Cervical aortic arch with aneurysm formation and an anomalous right subclavian artery and left vertebral artery: A case report.

Background: A cervical aortic arch (CAA) refers to a high-riding aortic arch (AA) that often extends above the level of the clavicle. This condition is very rare, with an incidence of less than 1/10000.

Case Summary: A 29-year-old woman was admitted to the otolaryngology department of our hospital for repeated bilateral purulent nasal discharge for the prior 3 mo.

Alterations of the Gut Microbiome and Fecal Metabolome in Colorectal Cancer: Implication of Intestinal Metabolism for Tumorigenesis.

The gut microbiota and its metabolites are important for host physiological homeostasis, while dysbiosis is related to diseases including the development of cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we characterized the relationship of an altered gut microbiome with the fecal metabolome in CRC patients in comparison with volunteers having a normal colorectal mucous membrane (NC). The richness and composition of the microbiota in fecal samples of 30 CRC patients and 36 NC controls were analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the metabolome was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.

Migraine among students of a medical college in western China: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: As one of the most common primary headaches in clinical practice, migraine affects the learning ability and life quality of college students worldwide, posing a heavy burden on individuals and society. This study aims to investigate the incidence of migraine among Chinese medical college students and to explore its characteristics and typical triggers.

Method: From July 2019 to July 2020, North Sichuan Medical College in Sichuan province, China preliminarily screened migraine cases using ID-Migraine through cluster sampling.

[Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuate pyroptosis lipopolysaccharide-induced renal injury rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) on pyroptosis of rats with kidney injury.

Methods: Bone marrow of 4-5 week-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was isolated in vitro and BMSC was obtained. The third generations of BMSC were used to further experiments.

Health-related quality of life and associated factors in Chinese menstrual migraine patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Menstrual migraine is a particular form of migraine with a significant impact on the quality of life for women afflicted. Presently, no study has reported the quality of life in menstrual migraine patients. This work aims to assess the health-related quality of life and identify its associated factors among Chinese menstrual migraine patients.