Predictive value of machine learning for the progression of gestational diabetes mellitus to type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review aims to explore the early predictive value of machine learning (ML) models for the progression of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A comprehensive and systematic search was conducted in Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science up to July 02, 2024. The quality of the studies included was assessed.

Association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and serum uric acid to serum creatinine ratio in Chinese male gout patients.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and serum uric acid to serum creatinine (SUA/SCr) ratio in male gout patients at different BMIs. This real-world study included 956 male gout patients aged 18-83 years. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of Chinese male gout patients from 2017 to 2019.

Myosteatosis is associated with coronary artery calcification in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Myosteatosis, rather than low muscle mass, is the primary etiologic factor of sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Myosteatosis may lead to a series of metabolic dysfunctions, such as insulin resistance, systematic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and all these dysfunctions are closely associated with the acceleration of T2DM and atherosclerosis.

Aim: To investigate the association between myosteatosis and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in patients with T2DM.

miRNA-449c-5p regulates the JAK-STAT pathway in inhibiting cell proliferation and invasion in human breast cancer cells by targeting ERBB2.

Background: Breast cancer is a highly prevalent disease worldwide, and early diagnosis and treatment could reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer patients. microRNAs (miRNA) have been shown to regulate the occurrences and progression of many types of cancers. Thus, it is crucial to find novel biomarkers in breast cancer.

Challenges and opportunities in delivering oral peptides and proteins.

Introduction: Rapid advances in bioengineering enable the use of complex proteins as therapeutic agents to treat diseases. Compared with conventional small molecule drugs, proteins have multiple advantages, including high bioactivity and specificity with low toxicity. Developing oral dosage forms with active proteins is a route to improve patient compliance and significantly reduce production costs.

A novel biomarker for pleural effusion diagnosis: Interleukin-36γ in pleural fluid.

Background: Numerous studies have described the critical importance of interleukin (IL) -36γ in host defense against lung infections, but it is unknown whether it plays a role in infectious pleural effusion (IPE). This study aimed to examine the levels of IL-36γ in pleural effusions of different etiologies and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of IL-36γ in the differential diagnosis of IPE.

Methods: A total of 112 individuals was enrolled in this research.

Inhibitors and facilitators to the utilization of postpartum care in China: an integrative review.

Background: Postpartum care is an expanding concept in China, and it is gaining vast attention in Chinese society. However, due to some Chinese traditions and rituals during the postpartum period, the utilization of modern postpartum care should be improved on both individual and community levels from different aspects. This integrative review outlined the inhibitors and facilitators of postpartum care utilization in China.

Identification of a novel ceRNA network related to prognosis and immunity in HNSCC based on integrated bioinformatic investigation.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by an immunosuppression environment and necessitates the development of new immunotherapy response predictors. The study aimed to build a prognosis-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network based on immune-related genes (IRGs) and analyze its immunological signatures. Differentially expressed IRGs were identified by bioinformatics analysis with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and ImmPort databases.

Positive Effect of a Pea-Clam Two-Peptide Composite on Hypertension and Organ Protection in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

In the present study, we prepared pea peptides with high angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity in vitro using an enzymatic hydrolysis of pea protein and compounded them with clam peptides to obtain a pea-clam double peptide. The effects of the two-peptide composite and pea peptides on hypertension and the damage-repair of corresponding organs were studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). We found that both pea peptides and the two-peptide composite significantly reduced the blood pressure upon a single or long-term intragastric administration, with the two-peptide composite being more effective.

Roles of Micro Ribonucleic Acids in Astrocytes After Cerebral Stroke.

Cerebral stroke is one of the highest-ranking causes of death and the leading cause of disability globally, particularly with an increasing incidence and prevalence in developing countries. Steadily more evidence has indicated that micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) have important regulatory functions in gene transcription and translation in the course of cerebral stroke. It is beyond arduous to understand the pathophysiology of cerebral stroke, due in part to the perplexity of influencing the network of the inflammatory response, brain edema, autophagy and neuronal apoptosis.

Prevention of High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia by Fn041 Through Promoting Cholesterol and Bile Salt Excretion and Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Functions.

Objectives: Fn041 (Fn041) is a probiotic isolated from immunoglobulin A coated microbiota in the human breast milk of Gannan in China with a low incidence of hypercholesterolemia. This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of Fn041 in preventing hypercholesterolemia caused by a high-fat diet in mice.

Methods: C57BL/6N mice were fed a low-fat diet or a high-fat diet and gavage with Fn041 and GG (LGG) for 8 weeks.

Fish allergens of turbot () parvalbumin triggers food allergy inducing maturation of bone marrow derived dendritic cells and driving Th2 immune response.

Aquatic food allergy has become a key food safety problem and therefore it is urgent to study the mechanism of aquatic food allergy. Turbot parvalbumin (PV) is a major marine food allergen that could cause allergic reactions but the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain to be defined. In this study, we used flow cytometry and ELISA, a coupled co-culture system of dendritic cells and T cells, and revealed that PV could promote the maturation of dendritic cells, mainly by inducing bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) to express MHC II and CD86, and promote the cytokines/chemokines IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-23, and IL-12p70, whereas inhibiting TNF-α expression.

Glycosylation reduces the allergenicity of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) parvalbumin by regulating digestibility, cellular mediators release and Th1/Th2 immunobalance.

With turbot being increasingly consumed, turbot parvalbumin (TPV) allergy has become a pressing problem requiring immediate resolution. Glycosylation treatment not only resulted in cross-link formation but also caused changes in the simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid digestion stability of TPV. In addition, KU812 experimentation revealed lower levels of β-hexosaminidase, histamine, tryptase, interleukin 4 (IL-4)/IL-13 in glycated protein-treated mice compared with native PV-treated ones.

Food additive sodium bisulfite induces intracellular imbalance of biothiols levels in NCM460 colonic cells to trigger intestinal inflammation in mice.

Sulfites and other preservatives are considered food additives to prevent pathogen growth in food, and they are generally regarded as safe since the late 1950s. However, the possible effects of sulfites on potential damage to host intestinal tissue remain largely unexplored. Given that endogenous sulfite mainly comes from the metabolism of biothiol, we attempted to clarify the relationship among biothiol levels, gut and food additives sulfite, including sodium bisulfite (NaHSO), and the possible mechanism of sulfite affecting the intestine.

Real-World Survival Outcomes Based on Mutation Status in Chinese Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma After Complete Resection: Results From the ICAN Study.

Introduction: The adjuvant treatment of patients with resected lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unstandardized. We analyzed the survival outcomes of these patients based on mutation status and adjuvant chemotherapy treatment.

Methods: This noninterventional real-world study (ICAN) enrolled Chinese patients with resected stages I to III LUAD from April 8, 2010, to December 31, 2010.

Dietary κ-carrageenan facilitates gut microbiota-mediated intestinal inflammation.

The inflammatory effects of carrageenan (CGN), a ubiquitous food additive, remains controversial. Gut microbiota and intestinal homeostasis may be a breakthrough in resolving this controversy. Here we show that, κ-CGN did not cause significant inflammatory symptoms, but it did cause reduced bacteria-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and decreased thickness of the mucus layer by altering microbiota composition.

Exosomal and intracellular miR-320b promotes lymphatic metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Cancer-cell-released exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are important mediators of cell-cell communication in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we sequenced serum exosome miRNAs from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients and identified high expression of miR-320b to be closely associated with peritumoral lymphangiogenesis and lymph node (LN) metastasis. Functionally, miR-320b could be enriched and transferred by ESCC-released exosomes directly to human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs), promoting tube formation and migration and facilitating lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis as assessed by gain- and loss-of-function experiments.

Comparison Between Single-Use Flexible Ureteroscope and Reusable Flexible Ureteroscope for Upper Urinary Calculi: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This article explores the differences in the effectiveness and safety of the treatment of the upper urinary calculi between single-use flexible ureteroscope (su-fURS) and reusable flexible ureteroscope (ru-fURS). We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus database, and CNKI databases within a period from the date of database establishment to November 2020. Stata 16 was used for calculation and statistical analyses.