The impact of traditional Chinese medicine and dietary compounds on modulating gut microbiota in hepatic fibrosis: A review.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and dietary compounds have a profound influence on the regulation of gut microbiota (GM) in hepatic fibrosis (HF). Certain substances found in both food and herbs that are edible and medicinal, such as dietary fiber, polyphenols, and polysaccharides, can generate beneficial metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), and tryptophan (Trp). These compounds contribute to regulate the GM, reduce levels of endotoxins in the liver, and alleviate fibrosis and inflammation in the liver.

Effectiveness and tolerability of programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy for upper gastrointestinal tract cancers.

Background: The combination of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor and chemotherapy is approved as a standard first- or second-line treatment in patients with advanced oesophageal or gastric cancer. However, it is unclear whether this combination is superior to chemotherapy alone.

Aim: To assess the comparative effectiveness and tolerability of combining PD-1 inhibitors with chemotherapy chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced gastric cancer, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer, or oesophageal carcinoma.

Prevalence and detection methodology for preliminary exploration of NTRK fusion in gastric cancer from a single-center retrospective cohort.

The fusion of neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) is a novel target for cancer therapy and offers hope for patients with gastric cancer (GC). However, there are few studies on the prevalence and detection methods of NTRK fusions in GC. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a screening method to select cases for molecular testing and evaluated the effectiveness of IHC, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Global, regional and national burden of retinopathy of prematurity among childhood and adolescent: a spatiotemporal analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of burden estimates and the secular trend of vision loss due to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among people younger than 20 years, at the global, regional and national levels.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated to quantify the temporal trends in the measures of vision loss.

FIBP is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with clinicalpathological characteristics and immune infiltrates in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common hematological malignancy that has a high recurrence rate. FIBP was reported to be highly expressed in multiple tumor types. However, its expression and role in acute myeloid leukemia remains largely unknown.

Primary cardiac tumor: a case report of right atrial angiosarcoma and review of the literature.

Primary cardiac angiosarcoma is a relatively rare tumor with early metastasis and poor prognosis. Radical resection of the primary tumor remains the primary approach for the optimal survival of patients with early-stage cardiac angiosarcoma without evidence of metastasis. This case involves a 76-year-old man with symptoms of chest tightness, fatigue, pericardial effusion, and arrhythmias who achieved good results after surgery to treat the angiosarcoma in the right atrium.

CIMP-positive glioma is associated with better prognosis: A systematic analysis.

Background: CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) was closely related to the degree of pathological differentiation of tumors, and it's an important determinant of glioma pathogenicity. However, the molecular and pathological features of CIMP-positive glioma have not been fully elucidated. In addition, CIMP have been reported to be a useful prognostic marker in several human cancers, yet its prognostic value in gliomas is still controversial.

A difficult-to-diagnose pericardial fistula.

Pericardial fistula is a rare complication. Generally, the diagnosis can be confirmed by imaging examination, but our patient was an exception. We present a 71-year-old female patient that complained of remnant gastric cancer for five months and dyspnea for seven days; the dyspnea became aggravated during the last two days.

TBK1 Facilitates GLUT1-Dependent Glucose Consumption by suppressing mTORC1 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Progression.

Intestinal inflammation is a vital precipitating factor of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a core enzyme downstream of several inflammatory signals. Recent studies brought the impacts of TBK1 in malignant disease to the forefront, we found aberrant TBK1 expression in CRC is correlated with CRC progression.

Biomarkers and risk factors for the early prediction of immune-related adverse events: a review.

In recent years, immunotherapy has been widely used to treat patients with malignant tumors. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly improve the prognosis of cancer patients, the incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) is increasing. Not only can irAEs accumulate in multiple organ systems throughout the body, but rare adverse reactions may also occur continuously.

Onodera's Prognostic Nutritional Index is a novel and useful prognostic marker for gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Background: Immunoinflammatory markers such as the peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have gained considerable attention as prognostic markers in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

Aim: To assess the prognostic value of Onodera's Prognostic Nutritional Index (OPNI) for GISTs.

Methods: All patients who had undergone surgical resection for a primary, localized GIST from 2009 to 2016 at our cancer center were initially and retrospectively identified.

A secondary jejunal malignant melanoma from nasal mucosal melanoma: Case report.

Melanomas most commonly localized in the skin can arise anywhere in the body, and approximately 5% of all melanomas appear in other sites of mucosal surfaces out of skin. Primary melanoma from nasal mucosa is quite rare. We present this case: a 46-year-old man had complained a pain in the left upper abdomen for 2 months when he was admitted to the Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates haemorrhage-induced thalamic pain by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB/ERK1/2 pathway in mice.

Background: Thalamic pain, a neuropathic pain syndrome, frequently occurs after stroke. This research aimed to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on thalamic pain.

Methods: The cellular localization of the TLR4 protein was determined by immunostaining.

Prognostic value of Onodera's nutritional index for intermediate- and high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors treated with or without tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Background: Immunoinflammatory and nutritional markers, such as the peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and Onodera's prognostic nutritional index (OPNI), have gained considerable attention and have been preliminarily revealed as prognostic markers of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

Methods: In this study, we first investigated the prognostic value of OPNI in GISTs treated with or without TKIs based on the propensity score matching (PSM) method. All of the patients had received surgical resection for primary GIST, and data from 2010 to 2018 were initially and retrospectively identified from our gastrointestinal center.

Prognostic value of inflammatory and nutritional markers for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Many clinical studies have demonstrated that the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and Onodera's prognostic nutritional index (OPNI) are visibly involved in the prognosis of a variety of tumors. In our research, we aim to determin the prognostic impact of NLR, PLR, and OPNI for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Data of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing treatment in Changzhi People's Hospital between 2011 and 2017 were reviewed.

Effects of vitamin D deficiency on the improvement of metabolic disorders in obese mice after vertical sleeve gastrectomy.

Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is one of the most commonly performed clinical bariatric surgeries for the remission of obesity and diabetes. Its effects include weight loss, improved insulin resistance, and the improvement of hepatic steatosis. Epidemiologic studies demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with many diseases, including obesity.

Efficacy evaluation of nilotinib treatment in different genomic subtypes of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Nilotinib has been used as a third-line drug for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) after a failure of sunitinib. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of nilotinib in different genomic subtypes of GISTs. We searched the English articles through EMBASE, Cochrane Library and PubMed Database regarding to the use of nilotinib on GISTs, which published up to February 15, 2019.

Huge mesenteric fibromatosis presenting with intestinal perforation and acute diffuse peritonitis: a case report.

Mesenteric fibromatosis is a locally invasive myofibroblastic proliferation and rarely metastasize to other organs. Hollow organ perforation and acute diffuse peritonitis caused by mesenteric fibromatosis rarely occurred. Here we report a case of huge mesenteric fibromatosis who complained a paroxysmal epigastric pain, and CT scan showed a huge mass, pneumoperitoneum and ascites.

The feasibility of laparoscopic TSME preserving the left colic artery and superior rectal artery for upper rectal cancer.

Background: Laparoscopic tumor-specific mesorectal excision (TSME) preserving the left colic artery and superior rectal artery is still a technically challenging procedure. We conducted this study to demonstrate the feasibility of this procedure for upper rectal cancer.

Methods: A total of 184 patients with upper rectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed in our cancer center between April 2010 and April 2017.