Treatment of three pediatric AML co-expressing NUP98-NSD1, FLT3-ITD, and WT1.

During the treatment of 89 pediatric patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) at the Hematology Department of Kunming Medical University's Children's Hospital from 2020 to 2023, three patients were identified to co-express the NUP98-NSD1, FLT3-ITD, and WT1 gene mutations. The bone marrow of these three patients was screened for high-risk genetic mutations using NGS and qPCR at the time of diagnosis. The treatment was administered following the China Children's Leukemia Group (CCLG)-AML-2019 protocol.

Molecular characterization of coxsackievirus B5 from the sputum of pneumonia children patients of Kunming, Southwest China.

Background: CVB5 can cause respiratory infections. However, the molecular epidemiological information about CVB5 in respiratory tract samples is still limited. Here, we report five cases in which CVB5 was detected in sputum sample of pneumonia children patients from Kunming, Southwest China.

The correlation between the serum LDL-C/Apo B ratio and lumbar bone mineral density in young adults.

Background: Numerous studies have confirmed that atherosclerosis is related to osteoporosis (OP), and patients with atherosclerosis are more prone to OP. The ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to apolipoprotein B (Apo B) is the valid indicator of atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, conclusions regarding relation between LDL-C/Apo B ratio and bone mineral density (BMD) are still lacking.

Clinical impact of c-KIT and CEBPA mutations in 33 patients with corebinding factor (Non-M3) acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Corebinding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) is the most common cytogenetic subtype of pediatric AML. CBF-AML is associated with a relatively favorable outcome, although the relapse rate of approximately 40% indicates a high degree of clinical heterogeneity. The clinical impact of additional cytogenetic aberrations, including c-KIT and CEBPA mutations, in pediatric CBF-AML has not been well characterized, especially in the multi-ethnic region of Yunnan Province in China.

The spatial-temporal distribution and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease before and after EV‑A71 vaccination in Kunming, China, 2017-2020.

After vaccination with enterovirus 71 (EV-A71), the prevalence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) remained high, and the spatial-temporal distribution of enteroviruses changed. Therefore, it is essential to define the temporal features, spatial distributions, and epidemiological and etiological characteristics of HFMD in Kunming. Between 2017 and 2020, a total of 36,540 children were diagnosed with HFMD in Kunming, including 32,754 children with enterovirus-positive clinical samples.

A Neonate with Bacterial Meningitis Due to Vertically Transmitted Scrub Typhus.

Scrub typhus is a zoonotic disease caused by , which is transmitted by larval trombiculid mites. Due to nonspecific clinical presentation, scrub typhus is grossly underdiagnosed in pregnant women, fetuses and neonates. Here, we present a congenital infection case and hope to provide more insight into this disease.

The correlation between serum total alkaline phosphatase and bone mineral density in young adults.

Background: Elevated total alkaline phosphatase (T-ALP) levels are usually indicative of enhanced osteoblastic activity and bone conversion status and are thus considered as a key factor needed for fresh bone mineralization and synthesis. To date, there is no consistent conclusion on the association between the serum T-ALP levels and bone mineral density (BMD). Therefore, the present study focused on exploring the association of serum T-ALP with lumbar BMD among young adults.

Genetic Variants in Chinese Han, Uighur, Kirghiz, and Dai Nationalities.

Background: Thiopurines are widely used as anti-cancer and immunosuppressant agents, but have a narrow therapeutic index owing to frequent toxicity and life-threatening bone marrow suppression. The () genetic polymorphism is strongly associated with the tolerance and myelosuppressive effect of mercaptopurine administration, but the frequency of variants is known to vary among different ethnic groups or nationalities. At present, the gene polymorphism in ethnic minorities such as the Uighur, Kirghiz, and Dai nationalities in China is unclear.

Effects of prenatal exposure to pyrethroid pesticides on neurodevelopment of 1-year- old children: A birth cohort study in China.

Pregnant women have been ubiquitously exposed to pyrethroid pesticides. Previous studies, mainly based on third trimester measurements of maternal urinary pyrethroid metabolites, have reported inconsistent findings in the effects of prenatal pyrethroid exposure on children's neurodevelopmental outcomes. The purpose of this study was to clarify if pyrethroid exposure during the entire three trimesters of pregnancy may be associated with deleterious effects on infant neurodevelopmental status, particularly at a high dosage of exposure.

Type 2 congenital generalized lipodystrophy with a heterozygous missense NOTCH2 mutation.

Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with a prevalence of less than one in ten million. To our knowledge, ~500 cases, including 95% of BSCL2, have been reported in the literatures, but no types of CGL with NOTCH2 gene mutation has been described.

Effects of , and Genetic Variants on 6-Mercaptopurine Toxicity for Pediatric Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Yunnan of China.

6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) is the cornerstone of current antileukemia regimen and contributes greatly to improve the survival of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. However, 6-MP dose-related toxicities limit its application. , and are pharmacogenetic markers predicting 6-MP-related toxicities, but their genetic polymorphisms differ from those of ethnic populations.

Metagenomic profiling reveals dominance of gram-positive bacteria in the gut microbiome shifts associated with immunoglobulin A vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura).

Objectives: Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), previously known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, is the most common vasculitis that has a classical skin manifestation of palpable purpuric rash. Factors pertinent to IgAV remain inadequately understood. Here, we aimed to examine the gut microbiome shifts associated with IgAV and its recovery.

The epidemiological characteristics of enterovirus infection before and after the use of enterovirus 71 inactivated vaccine in Kunming, China.

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) inactivated vaccines have been widely inoculated among children in Kunming City after it was approved. However, there was a large-scale outbreak of Enteroviruses (EVs) infection in Kunming, 2018. The epidemiological characteristics of HFMD and EVs were analysed during 2008-2018, which are before and three years after EV-A71 vaccine starting to use.

Identification of cancer hallmark-associated gene and lncRNA cooperative regulation pairs and dictate lncRNA roles in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumour in the oral and maxillofacial region. Numerous cancers share ten common traits ("hallmarks") that govern the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important factors that contribute to tumorigenesis.

The excretion rate and stability of HAAg in human fecal samples after live attenuated hepatitis A vaccination.

The live attenuated hepatitis A virus vaccine (HA-L) is in routine use in the Chinese national immunization program (NIP). The major disadvantages of HA-L include that theoretically, it may be possible for mutation shifts and secondary infections of the live vaccine viral strain. The aim of this study was to explore variation in the viral strain after vaccination with the HA-L.

Automatic Recognition of Laryngoscopic Images Using a Deep-Learning Technique.

Objectives/hypothesis: To develop a deep-learning-based computer-aided diagnosis system for distinguishing laryngeal neoplasms (benign, precancerous lesions, and cancer) and improve the clinician-based accuracy of diagnostic assessments of laryngoscopy findings.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: A total of 24,667 laryngoscopy images (normal, vocal nodule, polyps, leukoplakia and malignancy) were collected to develop and test a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based classifier.

MiR-125b regulates the proliferation and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer cells via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and EMT.

Background/aim: MiR-125b plays an important role in breast cancer. The current study was to explore the expression and function of miR-125b in triple negative breast cancer cells.

Materials And Methods: The expression of miR-125b in human TNBC samples and cell lines were examined by qRT-PCR.

Regulatory sequence analysis of semaphorin 4D 5' non-coding region.

Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) has been proven to be one of the hypoxia effectors regulated by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1) in multiple cells, and play a role in angiogenesis like VEGF. However, the regulatory sequence characteristics of the Sema4D are not clarified. The possible hypoxia response element (HRE) sequences in 5' non-coding Region before ATG start codon of Sema4D were screened, followed by point mutagenesis and luciferase assay analysis.

Molecular characterization of the viral structural gene of the first dengue virus type 1 outbreak in Xishuangbanna: A border area of China, Burma and Laos.

Background: Xishuangbanna, a border area of China, Burma and Laos, had its first major DENV-1 outbreak in 2017. This study aims to explore the genetic characterization, potential source and evolution of the viruses in outbreak.

Methods: The structural protein C/prM/E genes of viruses isolated from local residents or Burmese travelers were sequenced followed by mutation, phylogenetic, homologous recombination, molecular clock and demographic reconstruction analysis.

Long-term immunogenicity and immune persistence of live attenuated and inactivated hepatitis a vaccines: a report on additional observations from a phase IV study.

Both live attenuated (HA-L) and inactivated (HA-I) hepatitis A vaccine were licensed for routine use in China. Although phase 1, 2 and 3 clinical studies of both vaccines have been completed, further systematic evaluation of their immunogenicity and immunological persistence under phase 4 clinical studies in a wide range of conditions and involving large populations is necessary. A phase IV clinical trial (NCT02601040) was performed in 9000 participants over 18 months of age.