Uncovering the effect and mechanism of Jiawei Xiaoyao Wan in treating breast cancer complicated with depression based on network pharmacology and experimental analysis.

Background: Depression is a clinically common co-morbidity in breast cancer cases that brings negative outcomes on quality of life and potentially survival. Jiawei Xiaoyao Wan (JXW) is widely used in treating breast cancer and depressive disorder, but its potential pharmacological mechanisms remain elusive.

Purpose: We aimed to explore the dual therapeutic effects and mechanisms of JXW acting on breast cancer complicated with depression (BCCD) by network pharmacology and in vivo experimental verification.

KN046, a bispecific antibody against PD-L1 and CTLA-4, plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for metastatic NSCLC: A multicenter phase 2 trial.

KN046, a bispecific antibody targeting PD-L1 and CTLA-4, presents a promising therapeutic option for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this multicenter phase 2 trial, patients with nonsquamous (non-sq) NSCLC receive pemetrexed, whereas those with sq-NSCLC receive paclitaxel, plus KN046 and carboplatin. Following four cycles, maintenance therapy includes KN046 with pemetrexed for non-sq-NSCLC and KN046 for sq-NSCLC.

MiR-375 impairs breast cancer cell stemness by targeting the KLF5/G6PD signaling axis.

Recurrence of breast cancer may be due to the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSC). Abnormal tumor cell growth is closely associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of redox homeostasis, and BCSCs exhibit low levels of ROS. The detailed mechanism between the low levels of ROS in BCSCs and their maintenance of stemness characteristics has not been reported.

Identification and prognostic evaluation of differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs associated with immune infiltration in osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone cancer that originates from the bone with the strongest invasiveness. Tumor formation strongly correlates with immune cell infiltration into the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Therefore, we aimed to identify TIME-related biomarkers as potential prognostic markers of osteosarcoma.

Laparoscopic liver resection versus radiofrequency ablation for caudate lobe solitary hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity score matching study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treating solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of the hepatic caudate lobe.

Methods: Patients with hepatic caudate lobe HCC who underwent LLR or RFA at three hospitals in China between February 2015 and February 2021 were included. In total, 112 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 52 underwent RFA and 60 underwent LLR.

Sequential neoadjuvant chemotherapy using pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by taxanes with complete trastuzumab and pertuzumab treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer: A phase II single-arm study.

Objective: Despite cardiotoxicity overlap, the trastuzumab/pertuzumab and anthracycline combination remains crucial due to significant benefits. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD), a less cardiotoxic anthracycline, was evaluated for efficacy and cardiac safety when combined with cyclophosphamide and followed by taxanes with trastuzumab/pertuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive early breast cancer (BC).

Methods: In this multicenter, phase II study, patients with confirmed HER2-positive early BC received four cycles of PLD (30-35 mg/m) and cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m), followed by four cycles of taxanes (docetaxel, 90-100 mg/m or nab-paclitaxel, 260 mg/m), concomitant with eight cycles of trastuzumab (8 mg/kg loading dose, then 6 mg/kg) and pertuzumab (840 mg loading dose, then 420 mg) every 3 weeks.

Consolidation chemotherapy after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter non-inferiority phase III randomized clinical trial.

Background: Definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (dCCRT) is the gold standard for the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the potential benefits of consolidation chemotherapy after dCCRT in patients with esophageal cancer remain debatable. Prospective randomized controlled trials comparing the outcomes of dCCRT with or without consolidation chemotherapy in patients with ESCC are lacking.

[Design of an improved percutaneous transhepatic cholangio drainage tube based on MRCP imaging data].

Quantified MRCP imaging data was used as a reference for design and preparation of a modified percutaneous transhepatic cholangio drainage (PTCD) tube. 3.0 T upper abdominal MR and MRCP imaging data of 2 300 patients treated from July 2015 to July 2020 at the Department of Radiology of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University were screened and a total of 381 patients diagnosed with biliary duct structures were identified.

A Retrospective Real-World Study of Prognostic Factors Associated With EGFR Mutated Lung Cancer With Leptomeningeal Metastasis.

Objective: To analyze the factors associated with EGFR-mutated lung cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) in the real world that affects the prognosis of patients.

Materials And Methods: The clinical data of 123 patients with advanced EGFR mutated lung cancer combined with LM treated at Henan Cancer Hospital and confirmed by histology between January 2016 and December 2020 were retrospectively collected, and all patients were followed up until September 2021. Analyze the median overall survival (mOS) time of patients with clinical characteristics and treatment factors to explore the factors influencing the prognosis of lung cancer patients with LM.

The impact of gut microbial signals on hematopoietic stem cells and the bone marrow microenvironment.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo self-renewal and differentiation in the bone marrow, which is tightly regulated by cues from the microenvironment. The gut microbiota, a dynamic community residing on the mucosal surface of vertebrates, plays a crucial role in maintaining host health. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota influences HSCs differentiation by modulating the bone marrow microenvironment through microbial products.

Dual-targeted CAR T-cell immunotherapies for hematological malignancies: latest updates from the 2023 ASH annual meeting.

Over the past few years, dual-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has been employed in the management of hematological malignancies to mitigate treatment failure, particularly in cases of antigen escape. The most widely used approaches include CD19/CD20, CD20/CD22, and BCMA/CD19 CAR T-cells. Alternative immune cells, including natural killer T cells and invariant natural killer T cells, exhibit innate anti-tumor activity and reduced toxicity.

An EBV-related CD4 TCR immunotherapy inhibits tumor growth in an HLA-DP5+ nasopharyngeal cancer mouse model.

Adoptive transfer of T cell receptor-engineered T cells (TCR-T) is a promising strategy for immunotherapy against solid tumors. However, the potential of CD4+ T cells in mediating tumor regression has been neglected. Nasopharyngeal cancer is consistently associated with EBV.

Development and evaluation of a human CD47/HER2 bispecific antibody for Trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer immunotherapy.

The treatment for trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer (BC) remains a challenge in clinical settings. It was known that CD47 is preferentially upregulated in HER2 BC cells, which is correlated with drug resistance to trastuzumab. Here, we developed a novel anti-CD47/HER2 bispecific antibody (BsAb) against trastuzumab-resistant BC, named IMM2902.

Degraders in epigenetic therapy: PROTACs and beyond.

Epigenetics refers to the reversible process through which changes in gene expression occur without changing the nucleotide sequence of DNA. The process is currently gaining prominence as a pivotal objective in the treatment of cancers and other ailments. Numerous drugs that target epigenetic mechanisms have obtained approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the therapeutic intervention of diverse diseases; many have drawbacks, such as limited applicability, toxicity, and resistance.

Impact of weekday of esophageal cancer surgery on long-term oncological outcomes.

Background: Studies about the influence of weekday of esophagectomy on survival are limited and show conflicting results. This study aimed to explore whether weekday of esophagectomy affects patient's survival outcomes.

Methods: Patients who underwent esophagectomy in a grade-A tertiary hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were enrolled.

Taohe Chengqi decoction alleviated metabolic-associated fatty liver disease by boosting branched chain amino acids catabolism in the skeletal muscles of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most prevalent liver disease, whereas type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered an independent risk factor for MAFLD incidence. Taohe Chengqi decoction (THCQ) is clinically prescribed for T2DM treatment; however, the hepatoprotective effect of THCQ against MAFLD is still unknown. This study intended to elucidate the therapeutic effect of THCQ on T2DM-associated MAFLD and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Auto-segmentation of Adult-Type Diffuse Gliomas: Comparison of Transfer Learning-Based Convolutional Neural Network Model vs. Radiologists.

Segmentation of glioma is crucial for quantitative brain tumor assessment, to guide therapeutic research and clinical management, but very time-consuming. Fully automated tools for the segmentation of multi-sequence MRI are needed. We developed and pretrained a deep learning (DL) model using publicly available datasets A (n = 210) and B (n = 369) containing FLAIR, T2WI, and contrast-enhanced (CE)-T1WI.

Sintilimab with two cycles of chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a phase 2 clinical trial.

This was a single-arm, multicenter phase 2 clinical trial (ChiCTR1900021726) involving advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sq-NSCLC) patients undergoing 2 cycles of nab-paclitaxel/carboplatin and sintilimab (anti-PD-1), followed by sintilimab maintenance therapy. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.4 months (95% CI: 6.

Risk-based lung cancer screening in heavy smokers: a benefit-harm and cost-effectiveness modeling study.

Background: Annual screening through low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is recommended for heavy smokers. However, it is questionable whether all individuals require annual screening given the potential harms of LDCT screening. This study examines the benefit-harm and cost-effectiveness of risk-based screening in heavy smokers and determines the optimal risk threshold for screening and risk-stratified screening intervals.

The m6A reader IGF2BP1 attenuates the stability of RPL36 and cell proliferation to mediate benzene hematotoxicity by recognizing m6A modification.

Benzene exposure leads to hematotoxicity, and epigenetic modification is considered to be a potential mechanism of benzene pathogenesis. As a newly discovered post-transcriptional modification, the roles of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in benzene hematotoxicity are still unclear. m6A can only exert its gene regulatory function after being recognized by m6A reading proteins.

Predicting pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer: The establishment of a spectral CT-based nomogram from prospective datasets.

Background: To establish a spectral CT-based nomogram for predicting early neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC).

Methods: This study prospectively recruited 222 cases (177 male and 45 female patients, 9.59 ± 9.

Spectral CT vs. diffusion-weighted imaging for the quantitative prediction of pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer.

Objectives: To compare the performance of spectral CT and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for predicting pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC).

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective analysis drawn from a prospective dataset. Sixty-five patients who underwent baseline concurrent triple-phase enhanced spectral CT and DWI-MRI and standard NAC plus radical gastrectomy were enrolled, and those with poor images were excluded.

Clinical characteristics of obese, fixed airway obstruction, exacerbation-prone phenotype and comorbidities among severe asthma patients: a single-center study.

Background: Severe asthma places a large burden on patients and society. The characteristics of patients with severe asthma in the Chinese population remain unclear.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted in patients with severe asthma.