Recent advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics and metabolomics in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a complex and heterogeneous disease, typically diagnosed through endoscopy and computed tomography and treated with glucocorticoid or surgery. There is an urgent need to develop molecular-level diagnostic or prognostic tools to better understand the pathophysiology of CRSwNP. Proteomics and metabolomics, emerging fields, offer significant potential in elucidating the mechanisms underlying CRSwNP.

CDK2-activated TRIM32 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation promotes radioresistance in triple-negative breast cancer.

Introduction: Despite radiotherapy being one of the major treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), new molecular targets for its treatment are still required due to radioresistance. CDK2 plays a critical role in TNBC. However, the mechanism by which CDK2 promotes TNBC radioresistance remains to be clearly elucidated.

A world together: Global citizen identification as a basis for prosociality in the face of COVID-19.

How do global citizens respond to a global health emergency? The present research examined the association between global citizen identification and prosociality using two cross-national datasets-the World Values Survey (Study 1, = 93,338 from 60 countries and regions) and data collected in 11 countries at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (Study 2, = 5,427). Results showed that individuals who identified more strongly as global citizens reported greater prosociality both generally (Study 1) and more specifically in the COVID-19 global health emergency (Study 2). Notably, global citizen identification was a stronger predictor of prosociality in response to COVID-19 than national identification (Study 2).

Continuous grip force estimation from surface electromyography using generalized regression neural network.

Background: Grip force estimation is highly required in realizing flexible and accurate prosthetic control.

Objective: This study presents a method to accurately estimate continuous grip force from surface electromyography (sEMG) under three forearm postures for unilateral amputees.

Methods: Ten able-bodied subjects and a transradial amputee were recruited.

Hemodynamic signal changes and swallowing improvement of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on stroke patients with dysphagia: A randomized controlled study.

Objective: Our study aims to measure the cortical correlates of swallowing execution in patients with dysphagia after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapy using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and observe the change of pattern of brain activation in stroke patients with dysphagia after rTMS intervention. In addition, we tried to analyze the effect of rTMS on brain activation in dysphagia patients with different lesion sides. This study also concentrated on the effect of stimulating the affected mylohyoid cortical region by 5 Hz rTMS, providing clinical evidence for rTMS therapy of dysphagia in stroke patients.

Impact of Lung Metastasis versus Metastasis of Bone, Brain, or Liver on Overall Survival and Thyroid Cancer-Specific Survival of Thyroid Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Study.

We investigate the impact of lung metastasis versus metastasis of bone, brain, or liver on overall survival (OS) and thyroid cancer-specific survival (TCSS) in patients with thyroid cancer (TC). Therefore, de-identified SEER 18 registry data of primary TC patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2016 were analyzed. The primary outcome was the prognosis of TC patients with lung metastasis compared with other sites.

Synthetic mRNA-based gene therapy for glioblastoma: TRAIL-mRNA synergistically enhances PTEN-mRNA-based therapy.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized as having high molecular heterogeneity and complexity, which can be well revealed by genomic study. A truly effective treatment for GBM should flexibly address its heterogeneities, complexity, and strong drug resistance. This study was performed to explore the effectiveness of an mRNA-based therapeutic strategy using synthesized PTEN-mRNA and TRAIL-mRNA in tumor cells derived from PTEN-deletion patients.

Autophagy-related prognostic signature for survival prediction of triple negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive type of cancer with few available treatment methods. The aim of the current study was to provide a prognostic autophagy-related gene (ARG) model to predict the outcomes for TNBC patients using bioinformatic analysis.

Methods: mRNA expression data and its clinical information for TNBC samples obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Metabric databases were extracted for bioinformatic analysis.

Thyrotropin suppression therapy using levothyroxine does not negatively affect breast cancer prognosis.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) and thyroid dysfunction are common in females, yet the relationship between thyroid hormone and BC is unclear. To search for the connection between thyrotropin and BC, we contradistinguished BC patients with or without synchronous second primary thyroid cancer (TC) with surgery using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Theoretically, according to the ATA (American Thyroid Association) guidelines, all TC patients were treated with thyrotropin suppressive therapy only from 2010 to 2015.

Complete pathological response with diabetic ketoacidosis to the combination of sintilimab and anlotinib in an unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patient: a case report.

Most hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients have dismal prognoses because they are already in the advanced stage at the time of initial diagnosis and are unable to undergo upfront surgery. Recent studies of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antiangiogenic agents (AAAs) have shown encouraging results for unresectable HCC (uHCC). Here, we report a patient with uHCC who was treated with a combination of anlotinib and sintilimab (sintilimab 200 mg, intravenous glucose tolerance test, q21d and anlotinib 12 mg, orally, d1-14, q21d), an analog of the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab with much lower cost.

The effectiveness of eye tracking in the diagnosis of cognitive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Eye tracking (ET) is a viable marker for the recognition of cognitive disorders. We assessed the accuracy and clinical value of ET for the diagnosis of cognitive disorders in patients.

Methods: We searched the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Pubmed databases from inception to March 2, 2021, as well as the reference lists of identified primary studies.

Comprehensive Proteomic Profiling of Aqueous Humor Proteins in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a serious ocular disease that can lead to retinal microvascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. To date, no studies have explored PDR development by analyzing the aqueous humor (AH). Therefore we carried out tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomic quantification to compare AH protein profiles between PDR and non-PDR subjects.

Water-cooled microwave ablation array for bloodless rapid transection of the liver.

Background: Microwaves (MWs) deliver relatively high temperatures into biological tissue and cover a large ablation zone. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and effectiveness of water-cooled double-needle MW ablation arrays in assisting the hepatic transection of an pig model.

Methods: Our research program comprised computer modeling, tissue-mimicking phantom experiments, and pig liver experiments.

AKT Inhibitor SC66 Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma Through Down-Regulating AKT/β-Catenin Pathway.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common intracranial malignancy in adults with the highest degree of malignancy and mortality. Due to its nature of diffuse invasiveness and high migration, GBM lacks an effective treatment strategy and is associated with poor prognosis. SC66 is a novel AKT inhibitor that has been reported to exert antiproliferative activity in many types of cancer cells.

Author Correction: Application of bio-orthogonal proteome labeling to cell transplantation and heterochronic parabiosis.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Corrigendum: Individualized Prediction of Survival Benefit From Locoregional Surgical Treatment for Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.

Survival of Patients with First and Metachronous Second Primary Breast Cancer or Lung Cancer Malignancy: Comparisons Using the SEER Database.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) and lung cancer (LuC) are common malignancies. The survival of patients with metachronous second primary malignancy (MSPM) of BC and LuC after a first primary of BC and LuC remains unclear.

Methods: Data of patients with BC and LuC, with or without MSPM of BC and LuC, who were diagnosed from 2000 to 2014, were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Individualized Prediction of Survival Benefit From Locoregional Surgical Treatment for Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Recently, performing locoregional surgical treatment still remains debatable in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Current study aimed to develop prognostic nomograms for predicting the long-term survival in MBC patients with or without surgical intervention, thereby assisting clinicians in making individualized choice. The training set included 5173 patients who were diagnosed with MBC in 2010-2013 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, while the validation set comprised 2924 patients diagnosed in 2014-2015.

Long non-coding RNA DANCR promotes colorectal tumor growth by binding to lysine acetyltransferase 6A.

Recent studies have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in cancer development and progression. However, the mechanism by which lncRNAs contribute to colorectal cancer remains unclear. In this study, we identified the lncRNA, DANCR, which was upregulated in colorectal cancer.

The lncRNA PVT1 regulates nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation via activating the KAT2A acetyltransferase and stabilizing HIF-1α.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in regulating the development and progression of many cancers. However, the clinical significance of specific lncRNAs in the context of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and the molecular mechanisms by which they regulate this form of cancer remain largely unclear. In this study we found that the lncRNA PVT1 was upregulated in NPC, and that in patients this upregulation was associated with reduced survival.

Thyroid Cancer Benefits the Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer: A SEER-Based Study.

Introduction: To explore the effect of a second thyroid cancer (TC) on ovarian cancer (OC) patient survival, we compared OC patients with or without a second primary TC using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Methods: Data for OC only, female TC only and OC patients with a second TC (OC2TC) from two periods, 2000-2014 and 1980-1994, were extracted from the SEER database. Differences in clinicopathological and treatment characteristics were analysed using the chi-square test.

TMEM43-S358L mutation enhances NF-κB-TGFβ signal cascade in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) is a genetic cardiac muscle disease that accounts for approximately 30% sudden cardiac death in young adults. The Ser358Leu mutation of transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43) was commonly identified in the patients of highly lethal and fully penetrant ARVD subtype, ARVD5. Here, we generated TMEM43 S358L mouse to explore the underlying mechanism.

Diets That Promote Colon Inflammation Associate With Risk of Colorectal Carcinomas That Contain Fusobacterium nucleatum.

Background & Aims: Specific nutritional components are likely to induce intestinal inflammation, which is characterized by increased levels of interleukin 6 (IL6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-receptor superfamily member 1B (TNFRSF1B) in the circulation and promotes colorectal carcinogenesis. The inflammatory effects of a diet can be estimated based on an empiric dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) score, calculated based on intake of 18 foods associated with plasma levels of IL6, CRP, and TNFRSF1B. An inflammatory environment in the colon (based on increased levels of IL6, CRP, and TNFRSF1B in peripheral blood) contributes to impairment of the mucosal barrier and altered immune cell responses, affecting the composition of the intestinal microbiota.