Acidic properties of propyl sulfonic acid functionalized SBA-15 catalysts for acetylation of glycerol.

Glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production through transesterification, presents an opportunity for biodiesel industries to transform surplus glycerol into high-value chemical products. This study focuses on the development of a series of propyl sulfonic acid functionalized (PrSOH) SBA-15 catalysts, synthesized by direct synthesis of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in an acidic medium. The catalysts were evaluated for acetylation of glycerol with acetic acid under conditions optimized through response surface methodology.

Promoting LC-QToF based non-targeted fingerprinting and biomarker selection with machine learning for the discrimination of black tea geographical origin.

Traceability and mislabelling of black tea for their geographical origin is known as a major fraud concern of the sector. Discrimination among various geographical indications (GIs) can be challenging due to the complexity of chemical fingerprints in multi-class metabolomics analysis. In this study, 302 black tea samples from 9 main cultivation GI regions were collected.

In Vitro Osteo-Immunological Responses of Bioactive Calcium Phosphate-Containing Urethane Dimethacrylate-Based Composites: A Potential Alternative to Poly(methyl methacrylate) Bone Cement.

This investigation developed new composite bone cements using urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), poly(propylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PPGDMA), and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), with micrometer-sized aluminosilicate glass filler. Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) and hydroxyapatite (HA) particles were added to enhance biological performance, particularly osteo-immunomodulation. Free radical polymerization was triggered by mixing two pastes containing either benzoyl peroxide (BPO, an initiator) or N-tolyglycine glycidyl methacrylate (NTGGMA, an activator).

Antihyperglycemic activity of a novel polyherbal formula (HF344), a mixture of fifteen herb extracts, for the management of type 2 diabetes: Evidence from and studies.

Antihyperglycemic effects of a novel polyherbal formula (HF344), comprising fifteen Thai herbal extracts, were elucidated for pharmacological mechanisms and potential for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, by employing , , and approaches. LC/MS analysis of HF344 extract revealed several phytoconstituents, with piperine identified as the major active compound. HF344 extract significantly enhanced insulin secretion in RINm5F cells and inhibited glucose uptake into the everted sacs of the mouse small intestine in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the control (p < 0.

Assessing the efficacy of roots extract against third-stage larvae of and its safety profiles.

Gnathostomiasis, caused by the advanced third-stage larvae of , demands novel treatment avenues. The ethanolic root extract of has been postulated to have anthelminthic properties, suggesting its potential as an alternative remedy. In this study, roots were collected, identified, and extracted with 95 % ethanol.

Missing value imputation on gene expression data using bee-based algorithm to improve classification performance.

Existing missing value imputation methods focused on imputing the data regarding actual values towards a completion of datasets as an input for machine learning tasks. This work proposes an imputation of missing values towards improvement of accuracy performance for classification. The proposed method was based on bee algorithm and the use of k-nearest neighborhood with linear regression to guide on finding the appropriate solution in prevention of randomness.

Identification and Evaluation of Sugarcane Cultivars for Antixenosis Resistance to the Leafhopper Matsumura (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae).

Understanding the settling preference, feeding behavior, honeydew production, and biophysical factors, such as trichome density, related to leafhopper infestation in sugarcane cultivation is crucial for effective pest management strategies. This study investigated these aspects across nine sugarcane cultivars. Significant variability was observed among cultivars in terms of settling behavior, with KK3 and LK92-11 showing the highest number of settled leafhopper adults.

Analysis of the Effector Functions of Vδ2 γδ T Cells and NK Cells against Cholangiocarcinoma Cells.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare disease characterized by malignant cells derived from the epithelial cells of the biliary duct system. Despite extensive treatments, the prognosis for CCA remains poor, emphasizing the critical need for the development of novel treatments. Considerable attention has been directed towards innate immune effector cells, which can recognize tumor cells independently of the major histocompatibility complex, laying the foundation for the development of off-the-shelf drugs.

The pharmacokinetic differences between 10- and 15-μg daily vitamin D doses.

Aims: The reference nutrient intake for vitamin D in people aged ≥4 years is 10 μg/day (400 IU/day) in the UK, but the recommended daily allowance is 15 μg/day (600 IU/day) for people aged 1-70 years in the USA. Here, we aim to compare the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum concentration profiles between the 2 doses.

Methods: With world-wide trial data of adults aged ≥18 years, 45-93 kg, we constructed a minimal physiologically based pharmacokinetics model of serum concentrations of vitamin D and 25(OH)D using nonlinear mixed effects modelling.

Nitric oxide has diverse effects on head and neck cancer cell proliferation and glycolysis.

Glycolysis is a key energy-providing process and one of the hallmarks of cancer. Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical molecule, regulates glycolysis in various cancers. NO can alter the cell cycle and apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells.

Non-linear responses via agglomeration and aggregation of gold nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with chemometric analysis for chlorpyrifos detection.

This study investigates the behaviour of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) when exposed to chlorpyrifos, an agricultural pesticide, and its application in detecting the pesticide via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Under synergistic addition of NaCl, AuNPs undergo agglomeration at lower chlorpyrifos concentrations but aggregation at higher concentrations, resulting in a distinctive nonlinear SERS response. A linear relationship is obtained between 0.

LC-MS/MS analysis of didehydrostemofoline from Stemona collinsiae roots extracts in rats plasma and pharmacokinetics profile after oral administration.

Stemona collinsiae Craib., Stemonaceae, has been traditionally used as medicinal plants for insecticides, treatment of parasitic worms and various diseases in Southeast Asian countries. Its ethanolic root extract has been postulated for anthelminthic activities which has a potential for development for human gnathostomiasis drug.

Heterologous Ad26.COV2.S booster after primary BBIBP-CorV vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection: 1-year follow-up of a phase 1/2 open-label trial.

Background: Inactivated whole-virus vaccination elicits immune responses to both SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) proteins, like natural infections. A heterologous Ad26.COV2.

Spiders in Thailand (SIT) via spiderthailand.info: Thailand spider data retrieval system for geographical occurrence and photographic identification.

Background: High biodiversity in the tropics is good for ecosystem services; however, challenges in taxonomy and identification usually come from such high biodiversity. Spiders are no exception to the challenges. Identifying spiders in tropical places like Thailand is difficult and time consuming.

The barrier-protective effect of β-eudesmol against type 2-inflammatory cytokine-induced tight junction disassembly in airway epithelial cells.

Allergic inflammation, which is the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and asthma, is associated with disruption of the airway epithelial barrier due to the effects of type 2 inflammatory cytokines, i.e. interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 (IL-4/13).

Interleukin-6 and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio Indices Identify Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background And Aims: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a fatal biliary tract cancer with a dismal prognosis due to ineffective diagnostic tools with limited clinical utility. This study investigated peripheral blood indices and cytokine levels to diagnose iCCA.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from healthy subjects ( = 48) and patients with advanced-stage iCCA ( = 47) during a phase I and then phase II trial, respectively.

High nitric oxide-adapted head and neck cancer cell lines demonstrate altered autophagy and apoptosis.

Background/purpose: Autophagy is an intracellular degradative process occurring under stressful conditions. Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical, regulates autophagy and apoptosis in several cancers. However, the effect of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell adaptation to high nitric oxide (HNO) on autophagy remains unknown.

Salvianolic Acid B Reduces Oxidative Stress to Promote Hair-Growth in Mice, Human Hair Follicles and Dermal Papilla Cells.

Background: Existing research links oxidative stress and inflammation to hair loss. Salvianolic acid B (SAB) is known for its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and other beneficial pharmacological properties.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of SAB in modulating hair growth.

Leaf extract of promotes anti-heat stress and antioxidant effects in .

has been used for traditional medicines, healthy foods and tea. The chemical compositions and biological activities of fruit, stem bark and root have been widely studied. However, the phytochemical components and the biological activities in leaves (GAL) are limited.

Altenusin, a fungal metabolite, alleviates TGF-β1-induced EMT in renal proximal tubular cells and renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction.

Renal fibrosis is a pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD), progressing toward end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic potential of altenusin, a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist derived from fungi, on renal fibrosis. The effect of altenusin was determined (i) using the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human renal proximal tubular cells and (ii) using mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Patients With Advanced-Stage Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Following the Administration of Capsule Formulation of the Standardized Extract of (Thunb) DC.

Background: A statistical model is essential in determining the appropriate predictive indicators for therapies in many types of cancers. Predictors have been compared favorably to the traditional systems for many cancers. Thus, this study has been proposed as a new standard approach.

The Efficacy of Ruesi Dadton and Yoga on Reducing Neck and Shoulder Pain in Office Workers.

Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders can cause neck and shoulder pain in office workers. The research objective was to investigate the efficacy of Ruesi Dadton exercise (RD) and Yoga exercise (YE) compared with Stretching exercise (SE) on reducing neck and shoulder pain in office workers. A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at Thai Traditional Health Promotion Center, Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine Hospital.

Effects of Oral Cavity Stem Cell Sources and Serum-Free Cell Culture on Hydrogel Encapsulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration: An In Vitro Investigation.

Introduction: To develop a stem cell delivery model and improve the safety of stem cell transplantation for bone regeneration, this study aimed to determine the effects of stem cell sources, serum-free cell culture, and hydrogel cell encapsulation on the growth and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the oral cavity.

Methods: The study groups were categorized according to stem cell sources into buccal fat pad adipose (hBFP-ADSCs) (Groups 1, 4, and 7), periodontal ligament (hPDLSCs) (Groups 2, 5, and 8), and dental pulp-derived stem cells (hDPSCs) (Groups 3, 6, and 9). MSCs from each source were isolated and expanded in three types of sera: fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Groups 1-3), human serum (HS) (Groups 4-6), and synthetic serum (SS) (StemPro™ MSC SFM) (Groups 7-9) for monolayer (m) and hydrogel cell encapsulation cultures (e).