The Accuracy of the Passive Leg Raising Test Using the Perfusion Index to Identify Preload Responsiveness-A Single Center Study in a Resource-Limited Setting.

We investigated the accuracy of predicting preload responsiveness by means of a passive leg raising test (PLR) using the perfusion index (PI) in critically ill patients showing signs of hypoperfusion in a resource-limited setting. We carried out a prospective observational single center study in patients admitted for sepsis or severe malaria with signs of hypoperfusion in Chattogram, Bangladesh. A PLR was performed at baseline, and at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h.

Non-Invasive Biomarkers and Breath Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Liver Diseases.

Chronic liver disease (CLD) presents a significant global health burden, demanding effective tools for diagnosis and monitoring. Traditionally, liver biopsy has been the gold standard for evaluating liver fibrosis and other chronic liver conditions. However, biopsy's invasiveness, associated risks, and sampling variability indicate the need for reliable, noninvasive alternatives.

Two-Dimensional Shear-Wave Elastography: Accuracy in Liver Fibrosis Staging Using Magnetic Resonance Elastography as the Reference Standard.

The accurate staging of liver fibrosis is crucial for managing chronic liver disease (CLD). Although magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is the reference standard for noninvasive fibrosis assessment, its cost, specialized hardware, and operational demands restrict accessibility. In contrast, two-dimensional shear-wave elastography (2D-SWE) is more affordable, accessible, and widely integrated into routine ultrasound systems.

Enhancing Radiation Shielding Capabilities with Epoxy-Resin Composites Reinforced with Coral-Derived Calcium Carbonate Fillers.

This study investigates the development of epoxy-resin composites reinforced with coral-derived calcium carbonate (CaCO) fillers for enhanced radiation shielding and mechanical properties. Leveraging the high calcium content and density of coral, composites were prepared with filler weight fractions of 0%, 25%, and 50%. SEM and EDS analyses revealed that higher filler concentrations (50%) increased particle agglomeration, affecting matrix uniformity.

Enhancing Mechanical and Antibacterial Performance of Tire Waste/Epoxidized Natural Rubber Blends Using Modified Zinc Oxide-Silica.

This study investigates the synergistic effects of incorporating modified zinc oxide-silica (ZnO-SiO) into tire waste (TW) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) blends, with a focus on crosslinking dynamics, mechanical reinforcement, and antibacterial activity. The addition of ZnO-SiO significantly enhanced crosslink density, as evidenced by increased torque and accelerated cure rates. An optimal concentration of 10 phr was found to yield the highest performance.

Dye Adsorbent from Natural Rubber Latex Foam: Efficiency and Post-Utilization.

This study examined the feasibility of using natural rubber (NR) latex foam as a dye adsorbent and antibacterial foam. The dyes used in this experiment were Methylene Blue (MB) and Alizarin Yellow (AY). Foams with that optimum density were further evaluated for adsorption isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic data.

Hybrid Natural Fiber Composites of Polylactic Acid Reinforced with Sisal and Coir Fibers.

This study explored the tensile and impact strength of polylactic acid (PLA) through the incorporation of sisal and coir fibers. Hybrid natural fiber composites were prepared using PLA as the matrix and sisal and coir fibers as the reinforcements. The hybrid composites were prepared with an internal mixer, followed by compression molding.

Application of Antimicrobial Rubber-Coated Cotton Gloves for Mangosteen-Peel-Extract-Mediated Biosynthesis of Ag-ZnO Nanocomposites.

Nanocomposites based on metal nanoparticles (MNP) prepared with mangosteen () peel extract-mediated biosynthesis of Ag/Zn have attracted considerable interest due to their potential for various practical applications. In this study, their role in developing antibacterial protection for rubber cotton gloves is investigated. The process of mangosteen-peel-extract-mediated biosynthesis produced Ag/Zn nanocomposites with respective diameters of 23.

Methyl Gallate and Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Chitosan Mats: Impact of Acetic Acid on Their Anti- Activity.

Methyl gallate (MG), a natural phenolic compound, exhibits in vitro synergistic activity with amoxicillin (Amox) against methicillin-resistant (MRSA), a global health concern. This study developed electrospun nanofibers incorporating MG and Amox into a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitosan (CS) blend to target both methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and MRSA. The formulation was optimized, and the impact of acetic acid on antibacterial activity was evaluated using agar disc diffusion.

Interactive Effects of LED Spectrum and Nitrogen Levels on Physiological Changes and Yield of Strawberry ( Duch.).

Strawberries are valued globally for their nutritional, aesthetic, and economic benefits. Optimizing blue-to-red LED ratios and nitrogen levels is essential for sustainable indoor strawberry cultivation. This factorial study investigated the effects of blue and red LED combination ratios (L1; 1:3, L2; 1:4, and L3; 1:6) and nitrogen levels (N1; 100 and N2; 200 mg/L) on the physiology and performance of strawberries in a plant factory.

Holy Basil ( L.) Flower and Fenofibrate Improve Lipid Profiles in Rats with Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): The Role of Choline Metabolism.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is linked to choline metabolism. The present study investigated the effect of holy basil ( L.) flower water extract (OSLY) on MASLD with choline metabolism as an underlying mechanism.

Feeding Sows with Multi-Species Probiotics During Late Pregnancy and the Lactating Period Influences IgA Concentration in Colostrum and Subsequently Increases the Survival Rate of Piglets in Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Outbreak Herd.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) virus is an important cause of diarrhea in sows and piglets [...

Flavonoids, Isoquinoline Alkaloids, and Their Combinations Affect Growth Performance, Inflammatory Status, and Gut Microbiome of Broilers Under High Stocking Density and Heat Stress.

High stocking density (HSD) and heat stress (HS) challenge broiler production. While antibiotics can mitigate the adverse effects of HS and HSD, their restricted use underscores the need to explore phytochemicals, particularly their combined effects under such conditions. This study investigated the influence of flavonoids, isoquinoline alkaloids, and their combinations as alternatives to bacitracin on growth performance, inflammatory status, gut morphology, and ceca microbiome in broilers raised under HSD and HS.

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Gyrovirus Galga 1 in Chickens in Northern Vietnam Reveals Evidence of Recombination.

In total, 126 tissue-pooled samples were collected from suspected sick chickens showing signs of stunted growth, weakness, and diarrhea in five provinces/cities in Northern Vietnam. The Gyrovirus gala 1 (GyVg1) genome was detected in 26 (20.63%) of the 126 chicken samples based on a polymerase chain reaction assay.

Integrating Genomic Selection and a Genome-Wide Association Study to Improve Days Open in Thai Dairy Holstein Cattle: A Comprehensive Genetic Analysis.

Days open (DO) is a critical economic and reproductive trait that is commonly employed in genetic selection. Making improvements using conventional genetic techniques is exceedingly challenging. Therefore, new techniques are required to improve the accuracy of genetic selection using genomic data.

Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Effects on In Vitro Oocyte Maturation, Lipid Peroxidation, and Embryonic Development in Prepubertal and Aging Thai-Holstein Cows.

This study investigated the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on in vitro oocyte maturation, lipid peroxidation, and embryonic development in prepubertal and aging Thai-Holstein cows. First, we used slaughterhouse-derived oocytes to confirm that CoQ10 (50 μM) significantly enhanced cleavage (53.33% vs.

Effectiveness of a tailored forest package of interventions, including topical repellents, in reducing malaria incidence in Myanmar.

Background: In Myanmar, progress towards malaria elimination has stagnated in some areas requiring deployment of new tools and approaches to accelerate malaria elimination. While there is evidence that networks of community-based malaria workers and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) can reduce malaria transmission in a variety of settings, evidence for the effectiveness of other interventions, such as topical repellents, is limited. Since malaria transmission in Myanmar occurs outdoors, mainly among forest-goers, this study tested the effectiveness of topical repellents in combination with supplemental ITN distribution and strengthened networks of malaria workers.

Comparison of the stability of immediate dental implant placement in fresh molar extraction sockets in the maxilla and mandible: a controlled, prospective, non-randomized clinical trial.

The aim of this study was to assess the stability of immediate dental implants in fresh molar extraction sockets and to compare those placed in the maxilla and mandible. This was a controlled, prospective, non-randomized clinical trial; the maxilla was the test group and the mandible was the control group. Thirty patients with an unrestorable molar tooth who needed immediate implant placement were included.

Selective lead ion sensing via cotton pad-based NaEDTA capped AuNPs: A smartphone-assisted colorimetric method.

Herein, NaEDTA-capped AuNPs specifically designed for selective smartphone-assisted colorimetric detection are synthesized and characterized. NaEDTA-capped AuNPs was synthesized and characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, ATR, Raman, XRD, SEM and EDX. The calculated activation energy of the produced nanoparticles was 0.

MicroRNA Biomarkers and Host Response Pathways in Severe Pulmonary Hemorrhagic Syndrome due to Leptospirosis: A Multi-Omics Study.

Background: Severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome (SPHS) remains a fatal complication of leptospirosis with poorly understood mechanisms and an urgent need for effective biomarkers.

Methods: A nested case-control analysis was conducted using blood specimens from two previous Thai leptospirosis cohorts. Candidate microRNAs were initially discovered through a global profiling of 798 serum microRNAs in five SPHS and seven non-SPHS patients, and then validated using real-time polymerase chain reactions in 168 patients.

Increased atherogenicity in mood disorders: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) often coexist with metabolic syndrome. Both are linked to increased atherogenicity and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, a comprehensive analysis of key atherogenic biomarkers in MDD/BD is still lacking.

Zika Virus Infection in Pregnant Traveler Returning to Denmark from Phuket, Thailand, 2024.

We report a case of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in a pregnant woman from Denmark who traveled to Thailand during her first trimester. Late in the second trimester, severe microcephaly was diagnosed in the fetus, and ZIKV infection was confirmed. Travelers and clinicians should be aware of ongoing ZIKV risk in Thailand.

H control for fractional order neural networks with uncertainties subject to deception attacks via Improved memory-event-triggered scheme and Its application.

The article discusses an improved memory-event-triggered strategy for H control class of fractional-order neural networks (FONNs) with uncertainties, which are vulnerable to deception attacks. The system under consideration is simultaneously influenced by external disturbances, network-induced time delays, uncertainties, and deception attacks. The suggested enhanced memory event-triggered framework enhances communications security measures and conserves network bandwidth compared to standard control strategies.

Plausible therapeutic effects of melatonin and analogs in the dopamine-associated pathophysiology of bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a significant neuropsychiatric condition characterized by marked psychological mood disturbances. Despite extensive research on the symptomatology of BD, the mechanisms underlying its development and presentation remain unknown. Consequently, potential treatments are limited, and existing medications often cause significant side effects, leading to treatment discontinuation.

Influence of mesh selectivity on risk assessment of marine microplastics.

In this study, environmental microplastic samples (>30 μm) were collected from surface seawater and the water column, characterized, and used to assess ecological risks. The influence of mesh selectivity on ecological risks was also evaluated through subsampling. Results show that surface microplastic concentrations (>30 μm) range from 92 to 3306 pieces/m along Japan's southwest coast, with significant increases at Stas.