Effect of concentration of glycidol on the properties of resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels and carbon aerogels.

By using glycidol as a catalyst, high porosity, low-density resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) aerogels and carbon aerogels (CAs) were synthesized a sol-gel method. The effect of glycidol and water on the color, density, morphology, textual characteristics and adsorption properties of the resultant RF aerogels and CAs were investigated in detail. The results revealed that the properties of RF aerogels and CAs can be controlled by adjusting the amount of glycidol and water.

Chemical dynamics simulations of energy transfer in CH and N collisions.

Chemical dynamics simulations have been performed to study the energy transfer from a hot N bath at 1000 K to CH fuel at 300 K at different bath densities ranging from 1000 kg m to 30 kg m. At higher bath densities, the energy transfer from the bath to the fuel was rapid and as the density was decreased, the energy transfer rate constant decreased. The results show that in combustion systems with CH as a prototype fuel, the super pressure regimes control the fuel heating and combustion processes.

Iron-catalysed hydroboration of non-activated imines and nitriles: kinetic and mechanistic studies.

Iron-catalysed hydroboration of imines and nitriles has been developed under low catalyst loading (1 mol%) in the presence of HBpin. A wide scope of substrate was found to smoothly undergo hydroboration, including electron releasing/withdrawing and halogen substitution patterns and cyclic substrates which all afforded the corresponding amines in good to excellent yields. Dihydroboration of nitriles was achieved conveniently under solvent free and additive free conditions.

Palladium-catalyzed direct asymmetric C-H bond functionalization enabled by the directing group strategy.

In the past decade, selective C-C and C-heteroatom bond construction through palladium-catalyzed direct C-H bond functionalization has been extensively studied by employing a variety of directing groups. Within this category, direct asymmetric C(sp)-H and C(sp)-H activation for the construction of highly enantiomerically enriched skeletons still progressed at a slow pace. This minireview briefly introduces the major advances in the field for palladium-catalyzed direct asymmetric C-H bond functionalization the directing group strategy.

Strategies for reducing per-sample costs in target capture sequencing for phylogenomics and population genomics in plants.

The reduced cost of high-throughput sequencing and the development of gene sets with wide phylogenetic applicability has led to the rise of sequence capture methods as a plausible platform for both phylogenomics and population genomics in plants. An important consideration in large targeted sequencing projects is the per-sample cost, which can be inflated when using off-the-shelf kits or reagents not purchased in bulk. Here, we discuss methods to reduce per-sample costs in high-throughput targeted sequencing projects.

Enhanced adsorption behaviors of Co on robust chitosan hydrogel microspheres derived from an alkali solution system: kinetics and isotherm analysis.

Chitosan hydrogel microspheres derived from the LiOH/KOH/urea aqueous system demonstrate great characteristics of high mechanical strength, relative chemical inertness, renewability and 3-D fibrous network, making them promising functional supports. This work aims to investigate the tunable Co adsorption behaviors on these robust chitosan microspheres in detail, providing the theoretical basis for optimizing the preparation procedure of chitosan microspheres supported CoO catalysts in the future. The experimental results revealed that the fabricated original chitosan microspheres with more extended chain conformation could display enhanced adsorption capacity for Co at determined concentration both in water and alcohol solutions, which is about 2-7 times higher than that of the conventional chitosan hydrogel microspheres prepared from the acetic acid solution.

Target sequence capture of nuclear-encoded genes for phylogenetic analysis in ferns.

Premise Of The Study: Until recently, most phylogenetic studies of ferns were based on chloroplast genes. Evolutionary inferences based on these data can be incomplete because the characters are from a single linkage group and are uniparentally inherited. These limitations are particularly acute in studies of hybridization, which is prevalent in ferns; fern hybrids are common and ferns are able to hybridize across highly diverged lineages, up to 60 million years since divergence in one documented case.