Psychiatric Considerations in Pediatric Patients With Brain Tumors.

Adolescents diagnosed with brain or central nervous system tumors face elevated levels of depression and anxiety compared to the general pediatric population. The objective of this review was to explore factors associated with elevated depression and anxiety symptoms in these patients, as well as various currently recommended interventions. Articles were searched in PubMed and filtered to select for the following MeSH keywords: AND ( OR OR OR OR ).

Trends and Characteristics of Industry Payments for Ophthalmology Research From 2014 to 2020.

Importance: Characterizing industry-ophthalmology collaborations in research can highlight current areas of focus, improve transparency, and identify potential sources for conflicts of interest.

Objective: To assess the trends and characteristics in research payments reported from industry to ophthalmologists from 2014 to 2020.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used data from the Centers of Medicare & Medicaid Services' Open Payments database (OPD), which contains public records of payments between industry and physicians, to identify all ophthalmologists who received industry payments for research purposes between 2014 and 2020.

Limited disease progression in endocrine surgery patients with treatment delays due to COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly impacted the delivery of care and timing of elective surgical procedures. Most endocrine-related operations were considered elective and safe to postpone, providing a unique opportunity to assess clinical outcomes under protracted treatment plans.

Methods: American Association of Endocrine Surgeon members were surveyed for participation.

The Association Between Routine Car Seat Screening and Subsequent Health Care Utilization.

Background And Objectives: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends preterm newborns undergo car seat tolerance screening (CSTS) before discharge despite limited evidence supporting the practice. We examined subsequent health care utilization in screened and unscreened late preterm and low birth weight newborns.

Methods: This observational study included late preterm (34-36 weeks) and term low birth weight (<2268 g) newborns born between 2014 and 2018 at 4 hospitals with policies recommending CSTS for these infants.

Concordance for Gender Dysphoria in Genetic Female Monozygotic (Identical) Triplets.

The biopsychosocial etiology of gender dysphoria is poorly understood, but current thought suggests a complex interaction of genetic, hormonal, environmental, and differences in brain development and physiology. Twin studies have implicated a genetic role in the formation of gender identity. Congruence for gender dysphoria is more common among monozygotic twins compared to dizygotic twins.

The Abl/Abi signaling links WAVE regulatory complex to Cbl E3 ubiquitin ligase and is essential for breast cancer cell metastasis.

The family of Abelson interactor (Abi) proteins is a component of WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) and a downstream target of Abelson (Abl) tyrosine kinase. The fact that Abi proteins also interact with diverse membrane proteins and intracellular signaling molecules places these proteins at a central position in the network that controls cytoskeletal functions and cancer cell metastasis. Here, we identified a motif in Abi proteins that conforms to consensus sequences found in a cohort of receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases that bind to Cbl-tyrosine kinase binding domain.

Monomicrobial Joint Infection by Leclercia adecarboxylata in an Immunocompetent Patient After Knee Arthroscopy: A Case Report.

Case: A 54-year-old immunocompetent man presented to the office with severe right knee pain and swelling 27 days after knee arthroscopy. Additional diagnostics identified a monomicrobial infection of the right knee joint by the bacterium Leclercia adecarboxylata, which was later confirmed by repeated aspiration of the joint and culture of the aspirated fluid.

Conclusion: This case report details a postoperative monomicrobial infection with L.

Spontaneous Resolution of Aberrant Cerebellar Tonsil Movement in a Patient with Improving Chiari I Malformation.

Chiari malformation Type 1 (CMI) is traditionally characterized as a descent of the cerebellar tonsils more than 5mm below the foramen magnum. In some patients with CMI, there is aberrant pulsatile movement of the tonsils downward during cardiac systole which can affect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow at the foramen magnum. Here, we present an 18-year-old female patient with CMI who presented with worsening symptoms of her CMI.

Association Between Prostate Size and MRI Determined Quantitative Prostate Zonal Measurements.

Purpose: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the two most prevalent and common urologic diseases impacting elderly men. The current literature has well documented an inverse relationship between prostate/BPH-size and incidence of PCa, but the exact interaction between these two disease entities is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to analyze prostatic zonal measurements with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to investigate the dynamic changes of the transition zone (TZ) and peripheral zone (PZ) in response to prostate/BPH growth.

Copeptin plus troponin in the rapid rule out of acute myocardial infarction and prognostic value on post-myocardial infarction outcomes: a systematic review and diagnostic accuracy study.

Background: A critical and unmet therapeutic need is the prompt and reliable exclusion of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which would allow for prompt discharge from the emergency department. High-sensitivity troponin (HS-TnT) combined with copeptin has been proposed to expedite the diagnostic exclusion of AMI in addition to its predictive usefulness in the intermediate and long-term outcomes of AMI. The European Society of Cardiology recommends the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) as a prognostic score to manage acute coronary syndrome (ACS) without ST segment elevation.

Beyond Training the Next Generation of Physicians: The Unmeasured Value Added by Residents to Teaching Hospitals and Communities.

Following medical school, most newly graduated physicians enter residency training. This period of graduate medical education (GME) is critical to creating a physician workforce with the specialized skills needed to care for the population. Completing GME training is also a requirement for obtaining medical licensure in all 50 states.

Recently approved treatment options for patients with metastatic triple-negative and HER2-neu-positive breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. In 2021, the estimated number of new breast cancer cases was 281 550 and about 43 500 women died from metastatic breast cancer (mBC). For women aged 20-59 years, mBC remains the leading cause of cancer death and is, therefore, an important public health concern.

Impact of a Pharmacist-Led Chronic Disease State Management Clinic on Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care.

The Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) tool measures patient satisfaction with chronic disease care. A modified PACIC tool (PACIC-RxFM) was used to assess patient satisfaction in a pharmacist-led chronic disease state management clinic. The secondary outcome compared satisfaction with pharmacist-led and physician-led visits.

Injury Characteristics, Outcomes, and Health Care Services Use Associated With Nonfatal Injuries Sustained in Mass Shootings in the US, 2012-2019.

Importance: Civilian public mass shootings (CPMSs) in the US result in substantial injuries. However, the types and consequences of these injuries have not been systematically described.

Objective: To describe the injury characteristics, outcomes, and health care burden associated with nonfatal injuries sustained during CPMSs and to better understand the consequences to patients, hospitals, and society at large.

Primary-Site Local Therapy for Patients with De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer: An Educational Review.

Background: Until 2001, the paradigm guiding the management of women with de novo metastatic breast cancer (dnMBC) stipulated that primary-site locoregional therapy (PSLT) did not alter the course of metastatic disease and was necessary only for palliation of symptoms. Since 2002, retrospective data have begun questioning this paradigm. However, selection biases driving an observed survival advantage associated with PSLT in dnMBC were quickly recognized and led to several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) addressing this question.

Psychiatry Residency Directors' Attitudes Toward and Uses of the Medical Student Performance Evaluation and Other Potential Tools for Residency Selection.

Objective: A survey was conducted to determine US psychiatry residency directors' attitudes regarding current measures of medical student performance and their preferences for the future.

Methods: A team of psychiatry medical student educators and residency program directors developed a 23-question survey. In July 2021, links to the survey were sent out to all program directors registered with the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training.

Intrathyroidal Parathyroid Carcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review.

Intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare malignancy that is usually difficult to diagnose. We present a case of a 31-year-old male with a history of hyperparathyroidism who was found to have intrathyroidal PC upon review of immunostains along with a review of the current literature. A systematic review of the literature utilizing the PubMed database identified 24 relevant, full-text articles.

A review of COVID-19's impact on modern medical systems from a health organization management perspective.

The novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) disrupted many facets of the healthcare industry throughout the pandemic and has likely permanently altered modern healthcare delivery. It has been shown that existing healthcare infrastructure influenced national responses to COVID-19, but the current implications and resultant sequelae of the pandemic on the organizational framework of healthcare remains largely unknown. This paper aims to review how aspects of contemporary medical systems - the physical environment of care delivery, global healthcare supply chains, workforce structures, information and communication systems, scientific collaboration, as well as policy frameworks - evolved in the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Radiofrequency ablation for spinal osteoid osteoma: A systematic review of safety and treatment outcomes.

Aim: We sought to systematically assess and summarize the available literature on the clinical outcomes and complications following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for painful spinal osteoid osteoma (OO).

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and CENTRAL databases were searched in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies with available data on safety and clinical outcomes following RFA for spinal OO were included.