Men of Mexican ethnicity, alcohol use, and help-seeking: "I can quit on my own.".

Introduction: Hispanics report higher rates of problematic alcohol use compared to non-Hispanic Whites while also reporting lower rates of alcohol treatment utilization compared to non-Hispanics. The study employs Anderson's Behavioral Model of Healthcare Utilization Model to guide the exploration of alcohol use, help-seeking and healthcare utilization.

Methods: The present qualitative study explored help-seeking and alcohol treatment utilization for Hispanic men of Mexican ethnicity.

Associations of sex hormone ratios with metabolic syndrome and inflammation in US adult men and women.

Background: Sex hormones play a critical role in sex differences and cardiovascular disease risk associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) and inflammation. However, the associations of sex hormone ratios with metabolic and inflammatory markers are unclear according to sex and age differences. We evaluated the associations of sex hormone ratios with MS and inflammation among males and females.

A Case of Epstein-Barr Virus Encephalitis and Orbital-Face Inflammation.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can cause follicular conjunctivitis, keratitis, oculoglandular syndrome, meningitis, and encephalitis. We report a 54-year-old Hispanic male who presented with right pupil-involved complete ophthalmoplegia, orbital and masticatory muscle inflammation, trigeminal enhancement, and new corneal infiltrate highly suggestive of EBV. Labwork was negative except for positive EBV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in serum.

Capnocytophaga sputigena Tonsillitis in a Patient With Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

is a gram-negative facultatively anaerobic, capnophilic bacterium typically residing in the human oropharyngeal flora. This opportunistic pathogen can cause a wide range of infections, from bacteremia to septic abortion. However, it is exceedingly rare for a patient to present with tonsillitis due to .

Complex Cardiovascular Morbidities in Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach.

This case emphasizes the complexity of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), the need for a collaborative approach from specialists, and a closer look at the various cardiovascular complexities associated with this syndrome. While current treatments focus on managing symptoms, ongoing genetic research offers hope for more favorable outcomes. Further studies are crucial to gauge the effectiveness of these treatments for PWS patients.

Insights Into Differences in Pulmonary Hemodynamics in Hispanic Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Background: Emerging data suggest that Hispanic patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) exhibit improved survival rates compared to individuals of other ethnicities with similar baseline hemodynamics. However, the underlying reasons for this survival advantage remain unclear. This study focused on comparing pulmonary hemodynamics in Hispanic and non-Hispanic PAH patients and how these differences may contribute to varied clinical outcomes.

Posterior Nasal Nerve Ablation as a Viable Treatment Option for the Primary Symptom of Postnasal Drip.

Background: Postnasal drip (PND) syndrome is a prevalent complaint encountered in otolaryngology practices. PND may be refractory to medical therapy, and surgical treatments are complicated by side effects.

Objective: While posterior nasal nerve (PNN) ablation has demonstrated efficacy for chronic rhinitis overall, we sought to examine the effect of PNN ablation for patients with PND as their primary complaint.

Current and emerging pharmacotherapy for the treatment of gastroparesis.

Introduction: Gastroparesis is a chronic disorder characterized by decreased gastric emptying and presents with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain which impacts patients' quality of life greatly. The treatment modalities available for gastroparesis have been expanding over the past 2 decades. Currently, there are multiple options available for gastroparesis, albeit with only one FDA-approved medication until June 2021.

Feasibility and Usability of Augmented Reality Technology in the Orthopaedic Operating Room.

Purpose Of Review: Augmented reality (AR) has gained popularity in various sectors, including gaming, entertainment, and healthcare. The desire for improved surgical navigation within orthopaedic surgery has led to the evaluation of the feasibility and usability of AR in the operating room (OR). However, the safe and effective use of AR technology in the OR necessitates a proper understanding of its capabilities and limitations.

Implementation and Evaluation of a Large Community-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Program.

Context: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening can significantly reduce incidence and mortality; however, screening rates are suboptimal. The lowest rates are among those with no usual source of care and the uninsured.

Objective: We describe the implementation and evaluation of a community-based CRC screening program from 2012 to 2015 designed to increase screening within a predominantly Hispanic US-Mexico border population.

Metabolic Bariatric Surgery Across the IFSO Chapters: Key Insights on the Baseline Patient Demographics, Procedure Types, and Mortality from the Eighth IFSO Global Registry Report.

Introduction: The International Federation for Surgery for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) Global Registry aims to provide descriptive data about the caseload and penetrance of surgery for metabolic disease and obesity in member countries. The data presented in this report represent the key findings of the eighth report of the IFSO Global Registry.

Methods: All existing Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (MBS) registries known to IFSO were invited to contribute to the eighth report.

Exploration of the integration of microbiology and immunology emerging topics into undergraduate medical education.

Purpose: Medical school educators face challenges determining which new and emerging topics to incorporate into medical school curricula, and how to do so. A study was conducted to gain a better understanding of the integration of emerging topics related to microbiology and immunology in the undergraduate medical curriculum (UME).

Methods: An anonymous survey with 17 questions was emailed to medical school faculty who teach immunology and/or microbiology through the DR-Ed listserv, the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Connect listserv, and attendees of the Association of Medical School Microbiology and Immunology Chairs (AMSMIC) Educational Strategies Workshop.

Trauma-Informed Care as a Universal Precaution: A Brief, Case-Based, Educational Primer Featuring Role-Playing and Individual Self-Reflection Exercises.

Despite its growing popularity, the implementation of Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) in standard medical practices remains insufficient. A workshop, featuring role-playing scenarios and individual self-reflection exercises, was developed to enhance compassion among health care providers. The workshop was created by a multidisciplinary team of community pediatricians, pediatric intensivists, psychologists, and palliative care physicians, was structured around key elements and principles of TIC, and was based on actual patient encounters.

Polypill Strategy in Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention.

Purpose Of Review: The polypill strategy, originally developed to improve medication adherence, has demonstrated efficacy in improving baseline systolic blood pressures and cholesterol levels in multiple clinical trials. However, the long-term clinical impact of improved major cardiovascular events (MACE) outcomes by the polypill remains uncertain.

Recent Findings: Recent trials with long-term follow-up, which included minority groups and people with low socioeconomic status, have shown non-inferiority with no difference in adverse effects rates for the secondary prevention of MACE.

Pediatric Patients with Osteomyelitis and/or Septic Joint Undergoing Surgical Debridement Have Equivalent Short-Term Outcomes with or without Preoperative MRI.

The purpose of this study was to determine if short-term outcomes differed for pediatric patients with suspected musculoskeletal infection with or without a preoperative MRI. This was a multicenter, retrospective review of patients aged 0-16 years who presented with atraumatic extremity pain, underwent irrigation and debridement (I&D), and received at least one preoperative or postoperative MRI over a 10-year period. Primary outcomes were time to OR, total I&Ds, readmission rate, time from OR to discharge, and total number of MRIs.

Assessing the Safety and Efficacy of Rivaroxaban for Stroke Prevention in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.

An effective anticoagulation therapy is required for patients with atrial fibrillation because it presents a significant risk of stroke. The current study evaluates the relative safety as well as efficacy of rivaroxaban in patients who are diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. A thorough literature review of relevant databases was conducted, focusing on academic and clinical studies that were published from 2017 onward.

AGA Clinical Practice Update on Diagnosis and Management of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: Commentary.

Description: The purpose of this American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Clinical Practice Update (CPU) is to review the available evidence and provide expert advice regarding diagnosis and management of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome.

Methods: This CPU was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee (CPUC) and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership and underwent internal peer review by the CPUC and external peer review through standard procedures of Gastroenterology. This expert commentary incorporates important as well as recently published studies in this field, and it reflects the experiences of the authors.

Effects of bempedoic acid on markers of inflammation and Lp(a).

Purpose Of Review: To study the effect of bempedoic acid on markers of inflammation and lipoprotein (a) to help determine if the drug would be useful to treat patients with elevated cardiovascular risks and residual cardiovascular risk despite optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.

Recent Findings: Bempedoic acid is found to cause significant reduction in LDL-C and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in various randomized clinical trials. Multiple meta-analyses have also found that bempedoic acid therapy leads to reduction in non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels.

The role of resilience in the development of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder after trauma in children and adolescents.

This investigation, conducted within the Texas Childhood Trauma Research Network, investigated the prospective relationships between resiliency and emergent internalizing symptoms among trauma-exposed youth. The cohort encompassed 1262 youth, aged 8-20, from twelve health-related institutions across Texas, who completed assessments at baseline and one- and six-month follow-ups for resiliency, symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other demographic and clinical characteristics. At baseline, greater resilience was positively associated with older age, male (vs female) sex assigned at birth, and history of mental health treatment.

Atypical Papillary Dysplasia of the Bladder Neck.

As the fourth most frequent disease in men, bladder cancer has a significant financial impact on healthcare. Because atypical dysplasia and papillary forms in bladder cancer are uncommon, there is a dearth of information on them. This study attempts to fill that gap.

EXPRESS: Effectiveness of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on inflammation and metabolic markers in the US-Mexico border Hispanic population.

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are commonly used for dyslipidemia management to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is an emerging systematic low-grade inflammatory marker associated with atherosclerotic CVD development. Despite racial/ethnic disparities in the use and response of statins and the anti-inflammatory effects of statins, the effectiveness of statins on inflammation and metabolic markers is unknown among Hispanics.

The Efficacy of Antihypertensive Drugs in Lowering Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Events in the Elderly Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. One of the main risk factors for cardiovascular events is hypertension. The use of antihypertensive drugs can protect against these events.