Global, regional, and national burdens of intracerebral hemorrhage and its risk factors from 1990 to 2021.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) burden in 204 countries and territories worldwide from 1990 to 2021, disaggregated by sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI) at the global, regional, and country levels.

Methods: Data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) were used to calculate age-standardized prevalence (ASPR), incidence (ASIR), death (ASDR), and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates for ICH. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to assess time patterns.

"It's Kind of a Rite of Passage": An Exploration Into Residents' Experience of Learning in a Critical Care Setting.

Many trainees complete rotations in intensive care units (ICUs), but little is known about how ICU rotations impact learners. Understanding residents' experiences in ICU rotations is a crucial step toward improving resident education and understanding the consequences, intended and unintended, of critical care learning. We performed a qualitative study to understand how pediatric and emergency medicine residents experience a pediatric ICU (PICU) rotation.

Biomarker analyses from the phase 3 randomized CLEAR trial: Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Background: In CLEAR, lenvatinib + pembrolizumab (L+P) significantly improved efficacy versus sunitinib in first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We report results from CLEAR biomarker analyses.

Methods: PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and next-generation sequencing assays (whole exome sequencing/RNA-sequencing) were performed on archival tumor specimens.

Unique presentation of perforated gallbladder and gangrene in third trimester pregnancy: management and other considerations.

Acute cholecystitis during pregnancy presents significant risks, requiring careful management to balance maternal and fetal health. Conflicting viewpoints exist on conservative versus surgical treatment, particularly in the third trimester. Here, we present a case of a woman in her early 40s at 34 weeks of gestational age with acute cholecystitis and signs of preterm labour.

Improving Diagnostic Strategies for Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: Advice for the Clinician.

This review aims to raise awareness about the prevalence and impact of pediatric anxiety, emphasizing the need for clinician education in primary care and mental health settings. Early detection and management of pediatric anxiety can be achieved through the development and implementation of standardized screening protocols. Our goal is to positively improve the outcomes of pediatric patients suffering from anxiety by improving the awareness and knowledge of clinicians in primary and mental health care settings.

Epigenetic therapeutics attenuate kidney injury and fibrosis by restoring the expression of epigenetically reprogrammed fibrogenic genes and signaling pathways.

Kidney fibrosis is a commonly observed pathological condition during development of chronic kidney disease. Therapeutic options currently available are effective only in slowing the progression of kidney fibrosis and there is no cure for this disease. Aberrant expression and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the peritubular space is a characteristic pathological feature of fibrotic kidney.

Impact of aspirin on pancreatic cancer in the elderly: analysis of socioeconomic status and outcomes of national matched cohorts.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is a neoplastic condition with a high disease burden. It is projected to be the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths by 2030. However, evidence supporting the long-term use of aspirin in cancer prevention and treatment remains insufficient.

Psychology of nerve injury, repair, and recovery: a systematic review.

Background: Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are associated with significant physical and psychological challenges, impacting both functional recovery and quality of life. Despite the physical focus of traditional treatments, psychological factors play a crucial role in the outcomes of PNI repair and recovery.

Objectives: This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of psychological and social factors on the repair and recovery of peripheral nerve injuries.

Deciphering CD59: Unveiling Its Role in Immune Microenvironment and Prognostic Significance.

Background: CD59, a GPI-anchored membrane protein, protects cancer cells from complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) by inhibiting the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC). It has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in most solid tumors, where it facilitates tumor cell escape from complement surveillance. The role of CD59 in cancer growth and interactions between CD59 and immune cells that modulate immune evasion has not been well explored.

Transcranial direct current stimulation and its effect on cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia: An updated review.

Objective: Cognitive impairments in schizophrenia significantly affect functional outcomes and quality of life. This meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as an intervention for cognitive deficits in individuals with schizophrenia.

Methods: From May 20 to June 15, 2024, a systematic search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials was conducted.

Strengthening the Multiple-Choice Assessment: Improving Item-Writing Skills of Physician Assistant Educators.

Physician assistant (PA) educators are tasked with the challenging privilege of ensuring future PAs are knowledgeable and competent to practice medicine. Most enter academia without formal education in providing education. They learn as they go-a treacherous and steep learning curve.

Liver cancer in 2021: Global burden of disease study.

Background & Aims: The epidemiology of adult primary liver cancer continues to evolve, owing to the increasing prevalence of metabolic disease, rising alcohol consumption, advances in vaccination for HBV, and antiviral therapy for HCV. Disparities in care and the burden of liver cancer between populations persist. We assess trends in the burden of liver cancer and contributions by various etiologies across 204 countries and territories from 2010 to 2021.

Discovery of pyrazole-based analogs as CDK2 inhibitors with apoptotic-inducing activity: design, synthesis and molecular dynamics study.

The discovery of novel CDK2 inhibitors is crucial for developing targeted anticancer therapies. Thus, in this study, we aimed to design, synthesize, and evaluate a series of novel pyrazole derivatives (2a-g, 7a-d, 8a and b, 9, and 10) for their potential as CDK2/cyclin A2 enzyme inhibitors. The newly synthesized compounds were screened at 50 μM for CDK2 inhibition, followed by IC profiling of the most promising candidates.

Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cognitive Decline: Findings From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2015-2016.

We aim to study Adverse childhood experiences' (ACEs') association with cognitive decline during adulthood. We reviewed data on subjective cognitive decline (SCD) for those ≥45 years of age. Logistic regression analysis, odds ratio, and 95% confidence interval (CI) assessed the association between ACEs and SCD.

Intracranial Vascular Malformations in Children.

Intracranial vascular malformations (IVMs) represent a significant challenge in pediatric medicine due to their diagnostic and therapeutic complexity. Despite their rarity, the severity of potential neurologic outcomes necessitates a comprehensive understanding and approach to management. This article aims to provide an overview of pediatric IVMs, specifically nidal arteriovenous malformations, cavernous malformations, capillary telangiectasias, and developmental venous anomalies, and highlight the importance of advanced diagnostic imaging and therapeutic strategies in improving outcomes.

Disparity in trends and characteristics of early onset colorectal cancer: analysis from the National Inpatient Sample, 2016 to 2021.

Introduction: Colon cancer is the second most common cause of death in the United States. With an increasing number of patients diagnosed at younger ages, the disease remains a significant burden. However, recent data on early onset patients admitted with colon cancer are still limited.

The role of a specialized urethral catheter in early detection of intra-abdominal hypertension: a case report.

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) impact morbidity and mortality in burn patients, exacerbated by extensive fluid resuscitation required for more than 20% of total body surface area burns. We report a case of a 28-year-old male with severe burns and a TBSA of 49% who presented after a fire incident. The trauma team managed the patient's fluid resuscitation, followed by early burn debridement.