Neighborhood-Level Social Determinants of Health and Adolescent Mental Health.

Objective: Mental health diagnoses among adolescents are increasing in prevalence. Existing literature considers associations between individual-level social determinants of health (SDOH) and adolescent mental health. Neighborhood-level SDOH can have a substantial impact on health.

The Ingestion of 62 Magnetic Beads by a Two-Year-Old Child: A Case Report of a Novel Approach for Retrieval.

The incidence of foreign body ingestion in young children has been increasing over the past couple of years. Although less than 1% of ingested foreign bodies require surgical intervention, the clinician's awareness should be heightened when the ingested body has a magnetic component. Potential complications of multiple magnetics include intestinal necrosis, perforation, ileus, and sepsis.

Photoactivated rose bengal mitigates a fibrotic phenotype and improves cutaneous wound healing in full-thickness injuries.

Healing of deep cutaneous wounds often results in detrimental sequelae, including painful and debilitating scars. Current therapies for full-thickness injuries that target specific phases of wound healing have moderate success; however, full resolution remains incomplete and negative consequences persist if skin homeostasis is not achieved. Photoactivated molecules can modulate cellular responses by generating reactive oxygen species and may provide a novel therapeutic option to improve wound healing.

MEK Inhibition in the Treatment of Congenital Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a histiocytic disorder that predominantly affects young children, with congenital manifestations being exceedingly rare. Here, we report a male infant with congenital LCH harboring a driving mutation within the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, specifically MAP2K1 Q56P. First-line use of targeted therapy with oral MEK inhibitor trametinib led to rapid and complete resolution of the infant's widespread cutaneous disease.

Influence of Diet on Reproducible Corticosterone Levels in a Mouse Model of Maternal Separation with Early Weaning.

Maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW) is a popular early life stress (ELS) model in rodents, which emulates childhood neglect through scheduled mother-offspring separation. Although variations of ELS models, including maternal separation and MSEW, have been published for the mouse species, the reported results are inconsistent. Corticosterone is considered the main stress hormone involved in regulating stress responses in rodents-yet generating a robust and reproducible corticosterone response in mouse models of ELS has been elusive.

Multidisciplinary Training in Dermatology: Exploring the Spectrum of Board Certifications Among Physicians Practicing Dermatology in Texas.

Dermatology, a medical specialty focused on skin, hair, and nail conditions, often overlaps with various medical specialties. Although most physicians practicing dermatology are board-certified in dermatology, there are physicians practicing dermatology who are board-certified in a variety of different medical specialties. This cross-sectional study examines the board certifications of physicians who reported practicing dermatology in Texas.

Socioeconomic and Demographic Disparities in Immunotherapy Utilization for Advanced Kidney and Bladder Cancer.

Objectives: Immunotherapy (IO) drugs have been increasingly utilized in locally advanced or metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UC). Multiple trials have demonstrated clear survival benefit, however, there are often barriers to access for these advanced therapies which has been demonstrated in other non-urologic malignancies. The goal of this study was to assess socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with the receipt of IO for advanced ccRCC and UC.

Oral health literacy, knowledge, practice and beliefs among Asian Americans: A scoping review.

Objectives: The Asian American (AsA) population is at high risk for poor oral health outcomes and remains an underserved and understudied community. Low oral health literacy could explain poor oral health behaviours, practices and outcomes in this population. The aims were as follows: (i) provide a scoping review of oral health literacy, knowledge, practice and beliefs among AsA individuals residing in the United States; (ii) identify any instruments or tools translated into participants' language and (iii) determine whether the translated instruments had been assessed for validity and reliability.

Platelet Releasate and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) for Treatment of a Partial Supraspinatus Tear in an Adolescent Baseball Player.

Supraspinatus tears are a common injury, particularly among athletes who engage in sports that include repetitive overhead motions, such as baseball players. Standard conservative therapies include rest and activity modification, physical therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cold/heat therapy, and corticosteroid injections. Ongoing research and anecdotal evidence support using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for supraspinatus/rotator cuff tears.

Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention Services for Women Experiencing Homelessness: A Safety-Net Health System Quality Improvement Initiative.

Background: Consistent use of sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention methods is proven to decrease transmission of STIs. However, rates continue to rise within the United States, particularly among high-risk populations. Women experiencing homelessness may face barriers to access reproductive health care.

Primary care and community partnerships to promote age-friendly care for Hispanic older adults.

Background: Healthcare and community collaborations have the potential to address health-related social needs. We examined the implementation of an educational initiative and collaborative intervention between a geriatric clinic and Area Agency on Aging (AAA) to enhance age-friendly care for a Hispanic patient population.

Methods: As part of a Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)-funded Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program, a geriatric clinic partnered with AAA to embed an English- and Spanish-speaking Social Service Coordinator (SSC).

Genitourinary syndrome of lactation: a new perspective on postpartum and lactation-related genitourinary symptoms.

Background: The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a well-documented condition characterized by a range of genitourinary symptoms in peri- and postmenopausal women. As with GSM, postpartum lactating women experience reduced estrogen and androgen levels. However, there is limited research on the impact of symptoms during the postpartum breastfeeding period.

Oxidative stress induces release of mitochondrial DNA into the extracellular space in human placental villous trophoblast BeWo cells.

Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) is an indicator of cell death, inflammation, and oxidative stress. ccf-mtDNA in pregnancies with placental dysfunction differs from that in healthy pregnancies, and the direction of this difference depends on gestational age and method of mtDNA quantification. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger release of mtDNA, yet it is unknown whether trophoblast cells release mtDNA in response to oxidative stress, a common feature of pregnancies with placental pathology.

Pregnancy-induced oxidative stress and inflammation are not associated with impaired maternal neuronal activity or memory function.

Pregnancy is associated with neural and behavioral plasticity, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, yet the impact of inflammation and oxidative stress on maternal neural and behavioral plasticity during pregnancy is unclear. We hypothesized that healthy pregnancy transiently reduces learning and memory and these deficits are associated with pregnancy-induced elevations in inflammation and oxidative stress. Cognitive performance was tested with novel object recognition (recollective memory), Morris water maze (spatial memory), and open field (anxiety-like) behavior tasks in female Sprague-Dawley rats of varying reproductive states [nonpregnant (nulliparous), pregnant (near term), and 1-2 mo after pregnancy (primiparous); = 7 or 8/group].

Agents of Change: Geriatrics Workforce Programs Addressing Systemic Racism and Health Equity.

Many factors affect how individuals and populations age, including race, ethnicity, and diversity, which can contribute to increased disease risk, less access to quality healthcare, and increased morbidity and mortality. Systemic racism-a set of institutional policies and practices within a society or organization that perpetuate racial inequalities and discrimination-contributes to health inequities of vulnerable populations, particularly older adults. The National Association for Geriatrics Education (NAGE) recognizes the need to address and eliminate racial disparities in healthcare access and outcomes for older adults who are marginalized due to the intersection of race and age.

The Association of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status with Executive Function and Processing Speed in Cognitively Normal Mexican American Elders from the Health and Aging Brains Study: Health Disparities Cohort.

Introduction: Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) has been linked with overall health, and this study will evaluate whether NSES is cross-sectionally associated with cognition in non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) and Mexican Americans (MAs) from the Health and Aging Brain: Health Disparities Study (HABS-HD).

Methods: The HABS-HD is a longitudinal study conducted at the University of North Texas Health Science Center. The final sample analyzed (n = 1,312) were 50 years or older, with unimpaired cognition, and underwent an interview, neuropsychological examination, imaging, and blood draw.