Feasibility of quantitative relaxometry for prostate target localization and response assessment in magnetic resonance-guided online adaptive stereotactic body radiotherapy.

Purpose: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is known to provide predictors for malignancy and treatment outcome. The inclusion of these datasets in workflows for online adaptive planning remains under investigation. We demonstrate the feasibility of longitudinal relaxometry in online MR-guided adaptive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to the prostate and dominant intra-prostatic lesion (DIL).

Evaluating carbon removal: Integrating technical potential with environmental, social, governance criteria, and sequestration permanence.

Climate modeling suggests that achieving international climate goals requires a reduction in current CO emissions by over 90%, with any remaining emissions to be addressed through carbon dioxide removal (CDR) solutions. Sixteen CDR strategies are evaluated by integrating technical potential, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria, along with sequestration permanence. This evaluation, conducted by ENGIE's scientific council using an interdisciplinary Delphi panel methodology, proposes a "quality" measure for each technology.

Post-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Right Atrial Pressure and Left Atrial Volume Index Predict Heart Failure and Mortality: Dual Center Experience.

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement affects up to 20% of patients. Understanding factors associated with post-TIPS HF is critical. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes.

Baseline kidney function and the effects of dapagliflozin on health status in heart failure in DEFINE-HF and PRESERVED-HF.

Aims: Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve health status and outcomes in the setting of heart failure (HF) across the range of ejection fraction (EF). Baseline kidney disease is common in HF, complicates HF management and is strongly linked to worse health status. This study aimed to assess whether the treatment effects of dapagliflozin on health status vary based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Efficacy and Safety of OnabotulinumtoxinA for the Treatment of Pediatric Upper and Lower Limb Spasticity: Results From 2 Open-Label, Long-term Extension Trials.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA for treating upper and lower limb spasticity among pediatric patients in 2 open-label extension trials.

Methods: Patients aged <18 years received ≤5 doses of onabotulinumtoxinA (maximum: 8 U/kg [300 U], cycle 1; 10 U/kg [340 U], cycles 2-5) over 60 weeks. Week 6 efficacy endpoints included mean change from baseline in Modified Ashworth Scale-Bohannon and Modified Tardieu Scale scores, and mean Clinical Global Impression of Overall Change score.

The Role of Hispanic Women's Marital Status on Intimate Partner Violence and Reproductive Coercion Resulting in Unintended Pregnancy.

The present study investigates the impact of Hispanic women's marital status on the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and reproductive coercion (RC), resulting in unintended pregnancy (UIP). This is a significant public health concern as prior research has shown Hispanic women are disproportionately affected by UIP more than non-Hispanic White women. Data were drawn from the 2018 to 2020 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System dataset of Hispanic women ( = 3,725) who have just given birth within the last 9 months and responded to all relevant survey items.

Challenges and Barriers to WIC Participation Vary by Participation Status and Language: Findings from focus groups in Missouri.

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is one of the largest federal food and nutrition program serving women and young children and has a low coverage rate of about 50 percent. There is no peer-reviewed article that compares maternal perceptions of challenges and barriers to WIC participation by language and participation status. We compare challenges and barriers faced by English-speaking mothers to those faced by Spanish-speaking mothers to enrollment and retention in WIC within each group: current participants (n=43), prior participants (dropouts; n=27), and eligible non-participants (n=18), using focus groups we conducted in Missouri in 2021-2023.

Discontinuation of SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA among persons with Type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease treated in US cardiology clinics.

SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA are recommended for persons with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) but are underused in clinical practice. The COORDINATE-Diabetes randomized clincal trial evaluated a multi-faceted intervention to increase the use of evidence-based therapies for reducing cardiovascular risk among participants with diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This analysis reports the discontinuation rate of SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA in follow up and summarises the clinician-reported reasons underlying these decisions.

Dual Mini-Fragment Plate Fixation of Midshaft Clavicle Fractures Demonstrates Fewer Union Complications but Similar Patient-reported Outcomes Compared to Nonoperative Management: A Cohort Study with Mean 3.4 Year Follow-Up.

Purpose: Although open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is the gold standard treatment for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures, recent studies have advocated for nonoperative management, citing high rates of reoperation associated with operative intervention. However, no studies have compared nonoperative management to ORIF with dual-plate fixation, which may be associated with lower rates of reoperation compared to single-plate fixation. The purpose of this study was to compare the complications and patient-reported outcomes of dual mini-fragment plate fixation to nonoperative management for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.

Personalized whole-brain activity patterns predict human corticospinal tract activation in real-time.

Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) interventions could feasibly treat stroke-related motor impairments, but their effects are highly variable. Brain state-dependent TMS approaches are a promising solution to this problem, but inter-individual variation in lesion location and oscillatory dynamics can make translating them to the poststroke brain challenging. Personalized brain state-dependent approaches specifically designed to address these challenges are needed.

Distribution of beta-lactamase genes in Enterobacteriaceae from human clinical samples.

Background: This study aimed to explore the distribution of beta-lactamase genes in Enterobacteriaceae from human clinical samples.

Methods: We analyzed data from 83 countries through the Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance program, spanning 2004 to 2021. We calculated the proportion of each β-lactamase gene across nine bacterial species and generated a heatmap for β-lactamase genes with a frequency of ≥ 1 % in at least one species.

Next-generation Sequencing Improves The Detection of Malignant Biliary Strictures and Changes Management.

Background And Aims: Malignant biliary strictures (MBS) pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the frequent indeterminate results after initial sampling. Next generation sequencing (NGS) panel (BiliSeq) offers promise in MBS detection, but real-world performance remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess standard sampling techniques alone and with BiliSeq for malignancy detection in biliary strictures, and to evaluate management changes based on NGS.

Assessing tafenoquine implementation in Brazil: a qualitative evaluation of perceptions of healthcare providers and Plasmodium vivax patients (QualiTRuST Study).

Background: To eliminate malaria by 2035, Brazil must address Plasmodium vivax. Previously, first-line treatment was chloroquine plus 7-day primaquine (PQ) without glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency testing. In 2021, point-of-care quantitative G6PD testing and single-dose tafenoquine (TQ) were piloted in two municipalities.

Is functional training functional? a systematic review of its effects in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: Age-related decline in physical and cognitive capacity increases older adults' risk of disability, long-term care placement, and mortality rate. Functional training, which uses activities of daily living or simulated movements to complete activities as the intervention medium, could be more effective than rote exercise, which uses repetitive movements without added purpose, in preventing late-life disability in older people. With a growing number of studies in this area, systematically studying the effect of functional training is needed.

Covalently Cross-Linked Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles with Enhanced Stability against Dissociation at High Ionic Strength.

Polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles (PECNPs) often fully dissociate into individual polycations (PC) and polyanions (PA) at high salinities. Herein, we introduce a novel type of colloidally stable PECNP in which the PC is cross-linked, in this case branched polyethylenimine (PEI) to limit this dissociation, even in solutions up to 5.2 M NaCl or 5.

Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Dermatophytic Activity of Extracellular Secondary Metabolites of Streptomyces glaucescens NTSB-37 Isolated from Lichen Parmotrema perlatum (Huds.) M. Choisy in Kolli Hills, Tamil Nadu, India.

Lichen-associated endophytic Actinobacteria, particularly Streptomyces species, are recognized for their production of bioactive secondary metabolites with significant pharmaceutical potential. With the escalating prevalence of diseases, Streptomyces species are being investigated for its natural source of antimicrobial compounds for new antibiotics. This study focuses on the bioactive properties of secondary metabolites from lichen-associated endophytic Actinobacteria, focusing on Streptomyces glaucescens NTSB-37 isolated form lichen, Parmotrema perlatum (Huds.

HED LANG - A Hierarchical Event Descriptors library extension for annotation of language cognition experiments.

Experimental design in language cognition research often involves presenting language material while measuring associated behavior and/or neural activity. To make the collected data easily and fully analyzable by both the original data authors and others, it is important to have detailed information about the stimulus presentation events, including the nature and properties of the presented stimuli, using a common vocabulary and syntax. We present HED LANG, a library extension of the Hierarchical Event Descriptors (HED) event annotation schema for time series behavioral and neuroimaging data.

Evolution of fast-growing piscivorous herring in the young Baltic Sea.

The circumstances under which species diversify to genetically distinct lineages is a fundamental question in biology. Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) is an extremely abundant zooplanktivorous species that is subdivided into multiple ecotypes that differ regarding spawning time and genetic adaption to local environmental conditions such as temperature, salinity, and light conditions. Here we show using whole genome analysis that multiple populations of piscivorous (fish-eating) herring have evolved sympatrically after the colonization of the brackish Baltic Sea within the last 8000 years postglaciation.

Perfusion Showdown: Comparison of Multiple MRI Perfusion Techniques in the Grading of Pediatric Brain Tumors.

Background And Purpose: There are multiple MRI perfusion techniques, with limited available literature comparing these techniques in the grading of pediatric brain tumors. For efficiency and limiting scan time, ideally only one MRI perfusion technique can be used in initial imaging. We compared DSC, DCE, and IVIM along with ADC from DWI for differentiating high versus low grade pediatric brain tumors.

is implicated in central nervous system, orofacial and maxillofacial anomalies.

Background: Previous studies in mouse, and zebrafish embryos show strong expression in progenitor cells of neuronal and neural crest tissues suggesting its involvement in neural crest specification. However, the role of human transcription factor activator protein 2 ( in human embryonic central nervous system (CNS), orofacial and maxillofacial development is unknown.

Methods: Through a collaborative work, exome survey was performed in families with congenital CNS, orofacial and maxillofacial anomalies.

Brown-Séquard syndrome after blunt cervical spine trauma in a patient with preinjury multilevel hemilaminectomies and OPLL: illustrative case.

Background: Brown-Séquard syndrome (BSS) is a rare neurological condition characterized by injury to one-half of the spinal cord. In the context of trauma, BSS is typically seen with penetrating injuries. Here, the authors present the unique case of a patient presenting with BSS after blunt trauma.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Epidural Blood Patch Utilization Among Obstetric Patients in the United States: A Nationwide Analysis, 2016-2020.

Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in health care delivery can lead to inadequate peripartum pain management and associated adverse maternal outcomes. An epidural blood patch (EBP) is the definitive treatment for moderate to severe postdural puncture headache (PDPH), a potentially debilitating neuraxial anesthesia complication associated with significant maternal morbidity if undertreated. In this nationwide study, we examine the racial and ethnic disparities in the inpatient utilization of EBP after obstetric PDPH in the United States.