Long-term climate establishes functional legacies by altering microbial traits.

Long-term climate history can influence rates of soil carbon cycling but the microbial traits underlying these legacy effects are not well understood. Legacies may result if historical climate differences alter the traits of soil microbial communities, particularly those associated with carbon cycling and stress tolerance. However, it is also possible that contemporary conditions can overcome the influence of historical climate, particularly under extreme conditions.

Six-Month Outcomes in the Long-Term Outcomes After the Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Study.

Importance: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a life-threatening complication of COVID-19 infection. Data on midterm outcomes are limited.

Objective: To characterize the frequency and time course of cardiac dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] <55%), coronary artery aneurysms (z score ≥2.

Cigar, Pipe, and Smokeless Tobacco Use and Cardiovascular Outcomes From Cross Cohort Collaboration.

Importance: Cardiovascular health outcomes associated with noncigarette tobacco products (cigar, pipe, and smokeless tobacco) remain unclear, yet such data are required for evidence-based regulation.

Objective: To investigate the association of noncigarette tobacco products with cardiovascular health outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was conducted within the Cross Cohort Collaboration Tobacco Working Group by harmonizing tobacco-related data and conducting a pooled analysis from 15 US-based prospective cohorts with data on the use of at least 1 noncigarette tobacco product ranging between 1948 and 2015.

Smoking Cessation Interventions in the Lung Cancer Screening Setting: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The optimal configuration of a smoking cessation intervention in a lung cancer screening (LCS) setting has not yet been established.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of 3 tobacco treatment strategies of increasing integration and intensity in the LCS setting.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this randomized clinical trial, LCS-eligible current smokers were randomized into 3 treatments: quitline (QL), QL plus (QL+), or integrated care (IC).

Incidence and Prevalence of Post-COVID-19 Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Report from the Observational RECOVER-Adult Study.

Background: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) may occur after infection. How often people develop ME/CFS after SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown.

Objective: To determine the incidence and prevalence of post-COVID-19 ME/CFS among adults enrolled in the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER-Adult) study.

Back pain disability and PROMIS scores in children with hyperkyphosis are worse than children with idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: To compare health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) between children with hyperkyphosis and idiopathic scoliosis using 9-item Oswestry Disability Index (ODI-9) and Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference, Mobility, and Anxiety.

Methods: Children with hyperkyphosis, idiopathic scoliosis, and controls with no structural diagnosis ages 10-18 years who completed the PROMIS Pediatric Pain Interference, Mobility, and Anxiety domains were retrospectively evaluated from April 2021 to June 2023. Comparisons were made between hyperkyphosis, idiopathic scoliosis, and control groups.

The use of assessment centers as a means to develop transformational leadership.

Today's workplace continually requires organizations to empower employees to go beyond their job description to help maintain a competitive edge in the market. Developing transformational leadership in an organization is one means in which a company can attempt to empower and inspire their employees. However, thus far there are a limited number of tools to assist in the development of transformational leadership.

Neoplastic premalignant pancreatobiliary lesions: current update on the spectrum of lesions and their imaging appearances.

Common pancreatobiliary epithelial malignancies such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma have poor prognosis. A small but significant portion of these malignancies arise from mass-forming grossly and radiologically visible premalignant epithelial neoplasms in the pancreatobiliary tree. Several lesions, including a few recently described entities, fall under this category and predominantly include papillary epithelial lesions with or without mucin production.

Larry l. Jacoby (1944-2024).

Memorializes Larry L. Jacoby (1944-2024), a pioneering cognitive psychologist, who passed away in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on March 15, 2024. Jacoby earned his undergraduate degree at Washburn University, where he took pride in being a football lineman and met his lifelong partner, Carole.

Are women really (not) more talkative than men? A registered report of binary gender similarities/differences in daily word use.

Women are widely assumed to be more talkative than men. Challenging this assumption, Mehl et al. (2007) provided empirical evidence that men and women do not differ significantly in their daily word use, speaking about 16,000 words per day (WPD) each.

The Association of Menopausal Age with Sex Hormones and Anthropometric Measures Among Postmenopausal Women in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Study.

We investigated associations of menopausal age category with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and waist-height ratio. We also explored the moderating effect of anthropometric measures on associations of menopausal age category with prespecified sex hormones: estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), sex hormone-binding globulin, bioavailable testosterone, and total testosterone-estradiol (T/E) ratio. In this cross-sectional study, we included 2,436 postmenopausal women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who had menopausal age, anthropometric, and sex hormone data at baseline.

Enhancement Of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous SCT with the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib for Refractory Lymphoma.

Purpose: More active high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) regimens are needed for autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) for refractory lymphomas. Seeking HDC enhancement with a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, we observed marked synergy between olaparib and vorinostat/gemcitabine/busulfan/melphalan (GemBuMel) against lymphoma cell lines, mediated by inhibition of DNA damage repair. Our preclinical work led us to clinically study olaparib/vorinostat/GemBuMel with ASCT.

Impact of co-mutations and transcriptional signatures in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with adagrasib in the KRYSTAL-1 trial.

Background: KRAS inhibitors are revolutionizing the treatment of NSCLC, but clinico-genomic determinants of treatment efficacy warrant continued exploration.

Methods: Patients with advanced KRASG12C-mutant NSCLC treated with adagrasib (KRYSTAL-1-NCT03785249) were included in the analysis. Pre-treatment NGS data were collected per protocol.

Performance of individual criteria of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) intraabdominal injury prediction rule.

Objective: The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) derived and externally validated a clinical prediction rule to identify children with blunt torso trauma at low risk for intraabdominal injuries undergoing acute intervention (IAI). Little is known about the risk for IAI when only one or two prediction rule variables are positive. We sought to determine the risk for IAI when either one or two PECARN intraabdominal injury rule variables are positive.

Whole-genome sequences of six strains obtained via PacBio sequencing.

Provided are whole-genome sequences of six strains that had been earlier isolated from louse-borne relapsing fever patients. The sequences of each genome presented here included one linear chromosome and 5 linear plasmids, whose average size was 1,284,895 bp with the mean GC content being 27.5%.

Intracellular Retention of Estradiol is Mediated by GRAM Domain-Containing Protein ASTER-B in Breast Cancer Cells.

Elevated blood levels of estrogens are associated with poor prognosis in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers, but the relationship between circulating blood hormone levels and intracellular hormone concentrations are not well characterized. We observed that MCF-7 cells treated acutely with 17β-estradiol (E2) retain a substantial amount of the hormone even upon removal of the hormone from the culture medium. Moreover, global patterns of E2-dependent gene expression are sustained for hours after acute E2 treatment and hormone removal.

Pediatric Borderline Ovarian Tumors: A Retrospective Study of 15 Cases at a Single Institution.

Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) are rare in pediatric populations and typically follow an indolent clinical course with few reported recurrences. Consequently, guidelines for pediatric BOT management are minimal. We retrospectively examined the management of 15 adolescent patients who underwent BOT resection at our institution over 14 years, with a specific focus on recurrence.

Functionalization of Polymer Surfaces for Organic Photoresist Materials.

Photoresists are thin film materials designed to transform an optimal image into a mechanical mask. Diverse exposure techniques such as photolithography induce modifications in the exposed areas that result in solubility changes that can then be selectively removed with appropriate agents (developers). Photoresist materials need to keep pace with the increasingly demand for feature size reduction.

Overcoming the Conductance versus Crossover Trade-off in State-of-the-Art Proton Exchange Fuel-Cell Membranes by Incorporating Atomically Thin Chemical Vapor Deposition Graphene.

Permeance-selectivity trade-offs are inherent to polymeric membranes. In fuel cells, thinner proton exchange membranes (PEMs) could enable higher proton conductance and increased power density with lower area-specific resistance (ASR), smaller ohmic losses, and lower ionomer cost. However, reducing thickness is accompanied by an increase in undesired species crossover harming performance and long-term efficiency.

Treatment of focal anaplastic Wilms tumor: A report from the Children's Oncology Group AREN0321 and AREN03B2 studies.

Background: In the fifth National Wilms Tumor Study, patients received vincristine and dactinomycin (VA) without radiation for stage I focal anaplastic Wilms tumor (FAWT) and VA plus doxorubicin (DD4A) and radiation for stage II-IV FAWT. Four-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) for stage I FAWT were 67.5% and 88.