Comparing mental health and substance use disorders in patients receiving durable VADs versus transplants: A TriNetX database analysis.

Ventricular assist device (VAD) and cardiac transplant patients experience significant strain on their physical and mental wellbeing postoperatively. Mental health and substance use disorders (MHDs and SUDs) have substantial effects on the quality of life and compliance of transplant and VAD patients. In this study, we compare and characterize MHDs and SUDs between VAD and cardiac allograft patients and transplant list patients with and without VADs.

Effects of missing data imputation methods on univariate blood pressure time series data analysis and forecasting with ARIMA and LSTM.

Background: Missing observations within the univariate time series are common in real-life and cause analytical problems in the flow of the analysis. Imputation of missing values is an inevitable step in every incomplete univariate time series. Most of the existing studies focus on comparing the distributions of imputed data.

Assessing chronic stress in cats: measuring hair cortisol using an ELISA.

Evaluating stress in shelter and institutionally owned cats is important to help guide improvements in their welfare. Welfare assessments often focus on behavior metrics and physiologic measurements, such as systemic cortisol levels. The gold standard for measuring acute stress is serum cortisol; measuring cortisol in feces and urine gives reliable time-integrated assessments of acute stress.

Building Research Capacity (BRC): Purposes, Components, and Activities to Date.

The Building Research Capacity (BRC) initiative was founded in 2015 as a collaboration between the Association of Departments of Family Medicine (ADFM) and the North American Primary Care Research Group (NAPCRG). It aims to enhance family medicine research engagement by helping develop researchers, research educators, and research leaders. Through consultations, a fellowship, tailored presentations at national conferences, and ongoing assessment, BRC addresses the dynamic needs of various stakeholders in family medicine research.

Mentoring for the Diverse Range of Family Physicians' Engagement in Research.

Primary care researchers are increasingly at the forefront of developing innovations and new research methods to address complex issues in health care, including multi-morbidity, social determinants of health, health equity, managing population health in clinical practice, patient satisfaction, and provider burnout. Research demonstrates that "primary care is the only health care component where an increased supply is associated with better population health and more equitable outcomes." As a primary care specialty, family medicine has evolved beyond its initial focus on clinical practice and education to realizing the imperative for the discipline to robustly engage in research and embrace the responsibility to generate the evidence that drives changes in primary care practice and policy.

Mutational signatures define immune and Wnt-associated subtypes of ampullary carcinoma.

Background And Objective: Ampullary carcinoma (AMPAC) taxonomy is based on morphology and immunohistochemistry. This classification lacks prognostic reliability and unique genetic associations. We applied an approach of integrative genomics characterising patients with AMPAC exploring molecular subtypes that may guide personalised treatments.

Non-Allergist Delabeling - Should penicillin allergy delabeling only be performed by allergists?

Penicillin allergy labels (PAL) are common but rarely correspond with a patient's likelihood to tolerate penicillin. This results in unnecessary penicillin avoidance in many patients, driving numerous negative health outcomes. Evaluation strategies for PAL are driven by risk stratification and include a spectrum of modalities such as delabeling without any testing, direct oral challenge, and skin testing followed by challenge testing.

Use of biochar derived from Spartina alterniflora to reduce sediment methane (CH) production potential during non-farming period in earthen aquaculture ponds.

Biochar has been proposed as an effective material for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from farmlands, but comparable information for earthen aquaculture ponds is limited. A field study was conducted to investigate the effects of adding biochar (200-1600 kg ha) derived from the invasive plant Spartina alterniflora on sediment physico-chemical properties, CH production potential (P), and the relevant functional gene abundances in earthen aquaculture ponds during the non-farming period. The results indicated that biochar treatments increased sediment porosity and salinity, while decreasing dissolved organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon.

Interferon-ε loss is elusive 9p21 link to immune-cold tumors, resistant to immune-checkpoint therapy and endogenous CXCL9/10 induction.

Introduction: Copy-number (CN) loss of chromosome 9p, or parts thereof, impair immune response and confer ICT resistance by direct elimination of immune-regulatory genes on this arm, notably IFNγ genes at 9p24.1, and type-I interferon (IFN-I) genes at 9p21.3.

Is Trauma Associated with Plant-Based Diet Choice?

Examinations of links between plant-based diets (e.g., vegetarian and vegan diets) and indices of physical and mental health have received increased attention in the scientific literature in recent years.

Efficacy of traditional and gamified attention bias modification for depression: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Cognitive models posit that negatively biased attention toward dysphoric information has a causal role in the maintenance of depression-related psychopathology. Attention bias modification (ABM) tests this idea by altering an attentional bias and examining subsequent effects on depression. Prior work finds that ABM alters negatively biased attention for dysphoric information and reduces depression; however, a number of studies have failed to show these effects.

Quantitative pupillometry as a potential biomarker in early concussion assessment.

Background: There are limited objective methods when it comes to identifying and diagnosing concussion. Pupil assessment is performed routinely as a standard-of-care following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Unlike the highly subjective and limited reliability of pupil assessment using penlights and flashlights, Quantitative pupillometry (QP) is an established, valid, and reliable method of pupillary assessment.

Evaluation of antibiotic purchase data for ceftiofur and enrofloxacin and minimum inhibitory concentrations among Escherichia coli isolates from swine farms in the Midwestern United States using multiple statistical models.

Antimicrobial resistance is considered a global One Health threat. Controlling selection pressure by reducing antibiotic use in livestock is a significant component of the response to this threat. The science concerning use and resistance is complicated and affected by time from antibiotic exposure, changing bacterial fitness, and varies by drug and pathogen.

Neural recording chambers for long-term access to brain tissue.

We describe a chamber system to perform imaging, electrophysiology and optogenetic stimulation in awake and anaesthetized marmosets. We developed this low-profile chamber design to be able to access the underlying tissue when needed, or to leave it sealed for long periods. Such accessibility is useful to maintain chamber clarity as well as perform viral or drug injections at different time points.

In Obesity, Esophagogastric Junction Fat Impairs Esophageal Barrier Function and Dilates Intercellular Spaces via HIF-2α.

Background & Aims: Dilated intercellular space (DIS) in esophageal epithelium, a sign of impaired barrier function, is a characteristic finding of GERD that also is found in obese patients without GERD. We have explored molecular mechanisms whereby adipose tissue products might impair esophageal barrier integrity.

Methods: We established cultures of visceral fat obtained during foregut surgery from obese and non-obese patients.

Tumor metastasis and recurrence: the role of perioperative NETosis.

Although surgical resection of tumor mass remains the mainstay of curatively therapeutic management for solid tumors, accumulating studies suggest that these procedures promote tumor recurrence and metastasis. Regarded as the first immune cells to fight against infectious or inflammatory insults from surgery, neutrophils along with its ability of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) production has attracted much attention. A growing body of evidence suggests that NETs promote cancer metastasis by stimulating various stages, including local invasion, colonization, and growth.

EXPOSURE TO THE POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL MIXTURE AROCLOR 1254 ELICITS NEUROLOGICAL AND CARDIAC DEVELOPMENTAL EFFECTS IN EARLY LIFE STAGE ZEBRAFISH (Danio rerio).

The goal of this study was to compare the bioaccumulation of the PCB mixture Aroclor 1254 in zebrafish to cardiac and neurologic outcomes. The establishment of effect concentrations (ECs) for cardiac and neurotoxic effects of PCBs in early life stage fish is challenging due to a lack of measured PCB concentrations in test media (e.g.

Interplay between on-demand treatment trials for hereditary angioedema and treatment guidelines.

Over the past two decades, guidelines for the on-demand treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks have undergone significant evolution. Early treatment guidelines, such as the Canadian 2003 International Consensus Algorithm, often gated on-demand treatment by attack location and/or severity. Pivotal trials for on-demand injectable treatments (plasma-derived C1 esterase inhibitor [C1INH], icatibant, ecallantide [US only], recombinant C1INH), which were approved in the US and EU between 2008-2014, were designed accordingly.

A Semi-Virtual Trier Social Stress Test (SV-TSST).

The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) is a strategy for inducing acute psychological stress and increases in glucocorticoid levels. Here we describe the methodology and implementation of a Semi-Virtual Trier Social Stress Test (SV-TSST) which combines the control of a laboratory environment with reduced need for in-person logistical support and enhanced social distancing without the need for specialized equipment. During the SV-TSST, the participant is guided through the baseline, anticipatory, challenge, and recovery phases of the test by an in-person experimenter.

Infrastructure and resourcing of diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility initiatives across US pharmacy schools.

Objectives: This study assesses the infrastructure and resources surrounding diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) efforts in pharmacy education. The objectives were to investigate leadership roles and qualifications, resource commitment, challenges faced, and proudest accomplishments related to DEIA initiatives in colleges and schools of pharmacy.

Methods: A 27-question survey was distributed to CEO deans of US colleges and schools of pharmacy.