Nutritional consistency of macroalgae across a sea ice cover gradient along the Western Antarctic Peninsula.

Sea ice can profoundly influence photosynthetic organisms by altering subsurface irradiance, but it is susceptible to changes in the climate. The patterns and timing of sea ice cover can vary on a monthly to annual timescale in small sub-regions of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP). During the latter part of the 20th century, sea ice coverage significantly decreased in the WAP, a trend that aligns with warming in this area.

Real-World Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Previously Treated With Lenalidomide and an Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody.

Background: This analysis explored real-world characteristics, treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) previously treated with lenalidomide and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and requiring subsequent treatment.

Materials And Methods: The PREAMBLE and Connect MM prospective registries of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), and the US nationwide Flatiron Health electronic health record-derived de-identified database were analysed. MM-specific treatment patterns (prior/index therapies) and outcomes (progression-free survival [PFS]/overall survival [OS]) were assessed.

PbsNRs: predict the potential binders and scaffolds for nuclear receptors.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a class of essential proteins that regulate the expression of specific genes and are associated with multiple diseases. In silico methods for prescreening potential NR binders with predictive binding ability are highly desired for NR-related drug development but are rarely reported. Here, we present the PbsNRs (Predicting binders and scaffolds for Nuclear Receptors), a user-friendly web server designed to predict the potential NR binders and scaffolds through proteochemometric modeling.

Nicotine levels in flavoured hookah (waterpipe) tobacco products: discrepancies between labelled and measured levels.

Background: Hookah tobacco smoking is prevalent among youth and young adults. While health warning labels play a critical role in communicating the health risks of tobacco product use to consumers, compliance with US Federal Regulation's nicotine warning requirements on hookah tobacco packaging is low. Some labelling suggests that consumers are exposed to 'only 0.

Robust Bayesian graphical regression models for assessing tumor heterogeneity in proteomic networks.

Graphical models are powerful tools to investigate complex dependency structures in high-throughput datasets. However, most existing graphical models make one of two canonical assumptions: (i) a homogeneous graph with a common network for all subjects or (ii) an assumption of normality, especially in the context of Gaussian graphical models. Both assumptions are restrictive and can fail to hold in certain applications such as proteomic networks in cancer.

Accuracy of Survey-Based Assessment of Eligibility for Medication Abortion Compared to Clinician Assessment.

Background: With increasingly restricted access to facility-based abortion in the United States, pregnant people are increasingly relying on models of care that utilize history-based or no-test approaches to eligibility assessment. Minimal research has examined the accuracy of abortion patients' self-assessment of eligibility for medication abortion using their health history, a necessary step towards ensuring optimal access to history-based or no-test models, as well as potential over-the-counter access.

Objective: To examine the accuracy of pregnant people's eligibility for medication abortion determined using their self-reported health history as compared to clinician assessment with ultrasound and other tests.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Effects of Developmental PCB Exposure in the Hypothalamus of Female Rats.

This study investigated the consequences of perinatal exposure to Aroclor 1221 (A1221), a weakly estrogenic polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture and known endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), in female rats. Previous work has shown behavioral and physiological effects of A1221, and the current study extended this work to comprehensive transcriptomic profiling of two hypothalamic regions involved in the control of reproduction: the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV). Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a cookie treated with a small volume of A1221 (1 mg/kg) or vehicle (3% DMSO in sesame oil) during pregnancy from gestational days 8-18 and after birth from postnatal (P) days 1-21, exposing the offspring via placental and lactational transfer.

Use of continuous glucose monitoring and point-of-care glucose testing in hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus in non-intensive care unit settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The benefits of using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in hospitalized patients with diabetes remain uncertain. Point-of-care (POC) glucose testing is the standard of care in this setting. We compared the effect of adding CGM to POC testing versus POC testing alone on glycemic outcomes in this population.

Replisomal coupling between the α-Pol III core and the τ-subunit of the clamp loader complex (CLC) are essential for genomic integrity in E. coli.

Coupling interactions between the alpha (α) subunit of the polymerase III core (α-Pol III core) and the tau (τ) subunit of the clamp loader complex (τ-CLC) are vital for efficient and rapid DNA replication in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Specific and targeted mutations in the C-terminal τ-interaction region of the Pol III α-subunit disrupted efficient coupled rolling circle DNA synthesis in vitro and caused significant genomic defects in CRISPR-Cas9 dnaE edited cell strains.

Left-Right Brain-Wide Asymmetry of Neuroanatomy in the Mouse Brain.

Left-right asymmetry of the human brain is widespread through its anatomy and function. However, limited microscopic understanding of it exists, particularly for anatomical asymmetry where there are few well-established animal models. In humans, most brain regions show subtle, population-average regional asymmetries in thickness or surface area, alongside a macro-scale twisting called the cerebral petalia in which the right hemisphere protrudes anteriorly past the left.

Evolving Roles: Adolescent perspectives on shared decision making with their parents and healthcare providers.

Introduction: Shared decision making (SDM) involving adolescents presents unique challenges. To adequately support and evaluate SDM that includes adolescents, parents, and healthcare providers, it is imperative to understand adolescent perspectives. This study aims to describe the perspectives of adolescents with chronic health conditions regarding sharing medical decisions with their parents and healthcare providers.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Imperforate Hymen at a Single Referral Center.

Study Objective: Imperforate hymen (IH) is a rare congenital anomaly that results in vaginal outlet obstruction. IH can cause significant morbidity if not managed appropriately, which depends on accurate identification of the condition. However, data on the accuracy of IH diagnosis is limited.

AZD2693, a PNPLA3 antisense oligonucleotide, for the treatment of MASH in 148M homozygous participants: two randomized phase I trials.

Background & Aims: A common genetic variant (rs738409) encoding isoleucine to methionine at position 148 in the PNPLA3 protein is a determinant of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver-related mortality. AZD2693 is a liver-targeted antisense oligonucleotide against PNPLA3 mRNA. We evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics in single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) studies.

Impact of comorbidities on the mortality benefits of lung cancer screening: a post-hoc analysis of PLCO and NLST trials.

Hypothesis: To evaluate how comorbidities affect mortality benefits of lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed-tomography (LDCT).

Methods: We developed a comorbidity index (PLCO-ci) using LCS-eligible participants' data from the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) trial (training set) and the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) (validation set). PLCO-ci predicts 5-year non-lung cancer (LC) mortality using a regularized Cox model; with performance evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (ROC).

Suture Anchor Fixation of the Pediatric Posteromedial and Posterolateral Menisco-Tibial Ligament Complex Matches or Exceeds Native Tissue Strength: A Cadaveric Study.

Objectives: To compare the biomechanical strength and stiffness of the native posteromedial and posterolateral meniscotibial ligament complex (MTLC) to suture anchor repair of the MTLC.

Methods: Biomechanical testing was performed on 24 fresh-frozen pediatric human knees. Four conditions were tested: native posteromedial MTLC (n=14), native posterolateral MTLC (n=14), posteromedial MTLC repair (n=5), and posterolateral MTLC repair (n=5).

DNA-binding affinity and specificity determine the phenotypic diversity in BCL11B-related disorders.

BCL11B is a Cys2-His2 zinc-finger (C2H2-ZnF) domain-containing, DNA-binding, transcription factor with established roles in the development of various organs and tissues, primarily the immune and nervous systems. BCL11B germline variants have been associated with a variety of developmental syndromes. However, genotype-phenotype correlations along with pathophysiologic mechanisms of selected variants mostly remain elusive.

Integrating CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade into cervical cancer management: Results of COMPASSION-16.

Although there is anti-tumor efficacy of dual CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade in advanced/recurrent cervical cancer, it is unclear whether combination with chemotherapy is synergistic. In COMPASSION-16, Wu et al. demonstrated improved survival outcomes of cadolinimab plus chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone for first-line systemic therapy for advanced/recurrent cervical cancer, suggesting a potential role of bispecific CTLA-4/PD-1 inhibitors in the frontline setting.

Safety and immunogenicity of ascending doses of influenza A(H7N9) inactivated vaccine with or without MF59®.

Introduction: While it remains impossible to predict the timing of the next influenza pandemic, novel avian influenza A viruses continue to be considered a significant threat.

Methods: A Phase II study was conducted in healthy adults aged 18-64 years to assess the safety and immunogenicity of two intramuscular doses of pre-pandemic 2017 influenza A(H7N9) inactivated vaccine administered 21 days apart. Participants were randomized (n = 105 in each of Arms 1-3) to receive 3.

Factors Associated With Minority Patient Enrollment in a Gastric Cancer Biobank.

Introduction: Human tissue samples are essential for translational cancer research. However, less than 20% of current biobank and genomic samples were obtained from minority patients, which may lead to biased understanding of cancer biology. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with patient enrollment in our institution's gastric cancer biobank.

Evaluation of rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) for the prediction of slice shear force and quality grades in beef longissimus lumborum steaks.

Steak samples were collected from the longissimus lumborum muscles of beef carcasses (Canada AA, n = 1505; Canada AAA, n = 1363) over a 3-year period. Steaks were aged for 14 d, and tenderness was determined by slice shear force (SSF). Metabolomic profiling of beef samples was performed using rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) (N = 2853).