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Neuropsychological and Behavioral Outcomes after Exposure of Young Children to Procedures Requiring General Anesthesia: The Mayo Anesthesia Safety in Kids (MASK) Study.

Anesthesiology

July 2018

From the Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (D.O.W., S.L.B., S.J.G., R.T.W., J.S., D.H., R.P.F.) Psychology (M.J.Z.) Health Sciences Research (S.K.K., D.R.S., A.C.H., P.J.S.) Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota the Department of Pediatric Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (R.G.V.) National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas (M.G.P., J.J.C.).

Background: Few studies of how exposure of children to anesthesia may affect neurodevelopment employ comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. This study tested the hypothesis that exposure to multiple, but not single, procedures requiring anesthesia before age 3 yr is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Methods: Unexposed, singly exposed, and multiply exposed children born in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1994 to 2007 were sampled using a propensity-guided approach and underwent neuropsychological testing at ages 8 to 12 or 15 to 20 yr.

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