Development of the house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), on pork tissue at two temperatures.

The house fly, Musca domestica, L. (Diptera: Muscidae), is a filth fly that is often associated with criminal and civil investigations surrounding abuse, neglect, and death of humans and other vertebrates. However, development data, which are crucial for determining the age of immatures collected under forensically relevant circumstances, are limited.

Non-screw glenoid augmentation constructs for shoulder instability with bone loss: A biomechanical assessment of static and elastic cerclage constructs.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the biomechanical performance of elastic and static suture-based cerclage systems to traditional screw constructs in the setting of modeled glenoid bony augmentation.

Methods: Biomechanical testing was conducted on polyurethane cellular foam blocks modeling a 20 % glenoid defect repaired with a coracoid graft. Constructs consisted of an elastic suture-based cerclage, static suture-based cerclage, and a two-screw construct.

Changes in multidisciplinary perceptions of trauma video review following implementation of a novel program: let us go to the tape.

Background: Trauma video review (TVR) is an evolving technology that can be used to measure technical and non-technical aspects of trauma care leading to meaningful improvements. Only 30% of centers currently use TVR, with non-users citing medicolegal concerns, staff discomfort with recording, and resource constraints as barriers to implementation. Multiple studies have shown established TVR programs are well-perceived by staff.

A modern-day research model for large academic institutions: A fellow-based solution.

Introduction: In the aftermath of the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 becoming pass/fail, research has become a more important component of residency applications. Time is a finite resource, and clinicians, both academic and private practice, struggle to balance research within their schedules. We aim to provide a model to produce impactful research efficiently.

Effects of cold storage on double integrating sphere optical property measurements of porcine dermis and subcutaneous fat from 400 to 1100 nm.

Significance: Accurate values of skin optical properties are essential for developing reliable computational models and optimizing optical imaging systems. However, published values show a large variability due to a variety of factors, including differences in sample collection, preparation, experimental methodology, and analysis.

Aim: We aim to explore the influence of storage conditions on the optical properties of the excised skin from 400 to 1100 nm.

Social determinants of financial stress and association with psychological distress among young adults 18-26 years in the United States.

Introduction: Financial stress (FS) during young adulthood may have lasting effects on financial security, physical health, and overall wellbeing. This study examines the burden, social determinants and mental health consequences of experienced FS among young adults in the United States, based on objective measures of financial stress.

Methods: We studied young adults aged 18-26 years using pooled data from the 2013-18 National Health Interview Survey.

Characterization of the mesenteric circulatory physiology during hemorrhagic shock in a swine model.

Introduction: This study aimed to characterize blood flow through the mesenteric circulation during hemorrhage and resuscitation in a large animal model.

Methods: Five male swine (50-70 kg) underwent anesthesia and placement of flow probes and pressure catheters around and within the superior mesenteric artery, portal vein, and inferior vena cava. A laser doppler flow probe was placed on the intestine to measure end-organ perfusion.

Can an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Based Smartphone App Help Individuals with Mental Health Disorders Quit Smoking?

Background: Individuals with mental health disorders face major barriers in accessing smoking cessation care, often due to the stigmas associated with mental disorders and addiction. Consequently, accessible population-based smoking cessation interventions are needed for this vulnerable group.

Objective: This secondary analysis utilized data from a 12-month randomized trial to examine whether an acceptance and commitment therapy-based app (iCanQuit) demonstrated greater efficacy, engagement, and satisfaction compared to a United States (US) Clinical Practice Guidelines-based app (QuitGuide) in helping adults with mental health disorders quit smoking.

Comparison of Glenoid Bone Loss After Unidirectional Versus Combined Shoulder Instability in a Military Population.

Background: While glenoid bone loss (GBL) after anterior shoulder instability correlates with poor functional outcomes, the specific effects of GBL in posterior and combined-type shoulder instability remain poorly characterized, especially in a high-risk military population.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare GBL between unidirectional anterior or posterior instability versus combined-type instability in active-duty servicemembers. It was hypothesized that total GBL and GBL in the direction of instability would be greater in those with combined-type instability compared with unidirectional instability.

Frequency of Tommy John Surgery in NCAA Division I College Pitchers Versus Weather Conditions.

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) is a common elbow procedure in baseball pitchers. Previous studies of Major League Baseball pitchers identified the weather as a potential risk factor, as warmer climates enable more annual playing time and increase overuse injury risks.

Purpose: To determine whether weather conditions play a role in UCLR rates and timing for National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (D1) collegiate pitchers in the United States.

Arthroscopic Bone Grafting of Deep Acetabular Cysts in Hip Preservation Surgery: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Background: Acetabular subchondral cysts are commonly identified signs of joint degeneration and arthritis. This pathology is generally considered a relative contraindication for hip preservation surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of arthroscopic bone grafting for the treatment of acetabular subchondral cysts.

Donor hepatitis C status is not associated with an increased risk of acute rejection in kidney transplantation.

Introduction: In renal transplantation, donor hepatitis C virus (HCV) status is crucial to consider when selecting a recipient given the high likelihood of transmission. We analyzed the effect of donor HCV status on post-renal transplant rejection and virologic infectious outcomes using electronic health record data from multiple US health care organizations.

Methods: Using real world data from electronic health records of renal transplant recipients, a propensity score-matched case-control study of one-year renal transplant outcomes was conducted on cohorts of HCV-negative recipients who received an organ from an HCV-positive donor (HCV D+/R-) versus from an HCV-negative donor (HCV D-/R-).

High flow cooled air can decrease brain temperature without injuring the snout or brain in Swine.

Introduction: Targeted temperature management plays an important role in the treatment of myriad critical illnesses. Non-invasive, quick-onset options for isolated brain temperature control remain lacking. The goal of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel intranasal high flow cooled air device using a large animal model.

Global observational survey verifying surgeon utilization of the Validated Intraoperative Bleeding (VIBe) scale for use in clinical practice.

Introduction: Based on US-FDA guidelines to create tools for development and evaluation of medical devices in non-clinical and clinical studies, the Validated Intraoperative Bleeding (VIBe) Scale was developed. The current investigation expands upon the earlier validation study with multi-specialty surgeons to further corroborate these findings and establish feasibility to implement VIBe SCALE into clinical practice and surveys degree of anticipated bleeding across common procedures in multiple surgical disciplines.

Methods: Following online didactic VIBe SCALE training, participating surgeons graded bleeding in ten porcine model videos corresponding to the original validation study.

The challenges to detect, quantify, and characterize viral reservoirs in the current antiretroviral era.

A major barrier to cure HIV is the early generation of viral reservoirs in tissues. These viral reservoirs can contain intact or defective proviruses, but both generates low levels of viral proteins contribute to chronic bystander damage even in the ART era. Most viral reservoir detection techniques are limited to blood-based, reactivation, and sequencing assays that lack spatial properties to examine the contribution of the host's microenvironment to latency and cure efforts.

Optimized heparin adsorption using macroporous zeolites: A comprehensive study.

Heparin is a highly valuable active pharmaceutical ingredient, typically derived from porcine intestinal mucosa. Traditionally, various commercial resins have been used as adsorbents for heparin extraction; however, there has been growing interest in exploring more cost-effective adsorbents in recent years to improve heparin recovery. Zeolites, a typical aluminosilicate known for their high surface area, porosity, and thermal stability, were selected for evaluation in this study.

Examining the Proximal Relationship between Religious Coping and Depression among Trauma-Exposed Adults.

Depression is a common consequence of sexual victimization. Although religious coping has been previously studied within the context of sexual victimization, there is a dearth of research examining the potential reciprocal relationships between religious coping and depression among adults with a history of sexual victimization at the daily level. The current study addresses this important gap by leveraging an intensive longitudinal design and data analysis to explore bidirectional daily relations between religious coping and depression symptoms in a community sample of adults with a history of sexual victimization.

Evaluating the feasibility of a normalized competitive index (NCI) to assess the competitiveness of general surgery residency.

Background: General surgery remains the predominant surgical training pathway; however, the trends in competitiveness over time are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of using a normalized competitive index (NCI) to assess competitiveness by analyzing 30 years of general surgery match data.

Methods: Data for general surgery programs were collected using the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) Main Residency Match data from 1993 to 2022.

Low-Cost Lower Extremity Screening to Predict Shoulder Distraction Force in College Softball Pitchers.

Background: During a windmill softball pitch, the throwing shoulder experiences forces greater than the pitcher's body weight. Various kinematic, kinetic, and performance factors have been related to shoulder forces and torques in softball pitchers, and softball research has examined clinical screening measures such as range of motion, muscular strength, and/or neuromuscular control. However, no studies have explicitly identified low-cost, clinic-friendly screening measures predictive of shoulder distraction forces in softball pitchers.

Gradient Design with Low-tortuosity Overcoming Kinetic Limitations in High-Loading Solid-State Cathodes.

The extensive commercialization of practical solid-state batteries (SSBs) necessitates the development of high-loading solid-state cathodes with fast charging capability. However, electrochemical kinetics are severely delayed in thick cathodes due to tortuous ion transport pathways and slow solid-solid ion diffusion, which limit the achievable capacity of SSBs at high current densities. In this work, we propose a conductivity gradient cathode with low-tortuosity to enable facile ion transport and counterbalance ion concentration gradient, thereby overcoming the kinetic limitations and achieving fast charging capabilities in thick cathodes.

The effect of oral methadone on the QTc interval in cancer pain patients.

Introduction: The QTc prolongation effect of methadone has been extensively studied at higher doses commonly used in opioid dependence maintenance therapy, but evidence remains limited regarding its impact at the lower doses typically prescribed for cancer pain. This study aims to evaluate the effect of oral methadone on QTc intervals in cancer pain patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on adult patients initiated on oral methadone therapy for cancer.