Learning from Hindsight: Examining Autonomic, Inflammatory, and Endocrine Stress Biomarkers and Mental Health in Healthy Terrorism Survivors Many Years Later.

Introduction: Terrorism and trauma survivors often experience changes in biomarkers of autonomic, inflammatory and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis assessed at various times. Research suggests interactions of these systems in chronic stress.

Study Objective: This unprecedented retrospective study explores long-term stress biomarkers in three systems in terrorism survivors.

Physical Activity and Dexamethasone for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Preliminary Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial.

Background: Physical activity (PA) and dexamethasone (Dex) when used independently have modest benefits for cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in patients with advanced cancer. In this study we aimed to determine the feasibility (adherence, safety, and satisfaction) of combining PA with Dex versus PA with placebo (PBO) for CRF, and to explore the effects of PA+Dex and PA+PBO on CRF.

Patients And Methods: In this phase II, randomized, double-blind controlled trial, eligible patients had advanced cancer and a CRF score of ≥4 on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) for fatigue (0-10 scale).

Everything feels just a little heavier, more wrought with implications, you know? - a mixed-methods study examining lifestyle behaviors, health, and well-being of pregnant and postpartum women during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: While the striking impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, heath care access and lifestyle behaviors, including perceived health, diet, physical activity, and sleep has been reported, few studies have examined these domains jointly among pregnant and postpartum people in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This mixed methods study was conducted among a subset of participants (n = 22) in a cohort study in Austin, Texas, who were pregnant or had recently delivered when the outbreak occurred. Measures were from the early second trimester up to 6 months postpartum.

Heterogeneity in racist events and posttraumatic mental health among Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders.

Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders in Canada report experiencing racism and an increased risk of trauma-related mental health symptoms. Using a BIPOC first responder sample in Canada, the present study examined subgroups of BIPOC first responders based on the frequency of different types of racist events, and their relations with mental health symptoms (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] symptom clusters of intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood [NACM], and alterations in arousal and reactivity [AAR]; depression severity; anxiety severity). The sample included 196 BIPOC first responders who reported more than one traumatic experience (= 35.

Systematic Review on Hypnotherapy and Smoking Cessation.

The main objective of this systematic review is to comprehensively describe and evaluate the evidence on hypnotherapy for smoking cessation. Included studies were comprised of adults, had measurable objective/subjective data reflecting smoking cessation, hypnosis or hypnotherapy studied alone or as part of a multicomponent intervention, and at least ten participants. A total of 745 nonduplicate publications were screened, and 63 papers were included for analysis.

Causal models and prediction in cell line perturbation experiments.

In cell line perturbation experiments, a collection of cells is perturbed with external agents and responses such as protein expression measured. Due to cost constraints, only a small fraction of all possible perturbations can be tested in vitro. This has led to the development of computational models that can predict cellular responses to perturbations in silico.

Toward Personalized Digital Experiences to Promote Diabetes Self-Management: Mixed Methods Social Computing Approach.

Background: Type 2 diabetes affects nearly 34.2 million adults and is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. Digital health communities have emerged as avenues to provide social support to individuals engaging in diabetes self-management (DSM).

Rapid isothermal molecular tests to discriminate between Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum infections in dogs.

Background: We standardized two recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assays coupled with lateral flow (LF) strips for the detection of Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum kinetoplast DNA (kDNA).

Methods: The RPA-LF assays were tested at different temperatures and reaction times, using DNA from cultured L. braziliensis and L.

VCP regulates early tau seed amplification via specific cofactors.

Background: Neurodegenerative tauopathies may progress based on seeding by pathological tau assemblies, whereby an aggregate is released from one cell, gains entry to an adjacent or connected cell, and serves as a specific template for its own replication in the cytoplasm. Seeding into the complex cytoplasmic milieu happens within hours, implying the existence of unknown factors that regulate this process.

Methods: We used proximity labeling to identify proteins that control seed amplification within 5 h of seed exposure.

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals distinct pathophysiological trophoblast signatures in spontaneous preterm birth subtypes.

Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) poses significant challenges, affecting neonatal health and neurodevelopmental outcomes worldwide. The specific effects of placental trophoblasts on the pathological development of sPTB subtypes-preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (pPROM) and spontaneous preterm labor (sPTL)-are not fully understood, making it crucial to uncover these impacts for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing, we investigated transcriptomic and cellular differences at the maternal-fetal interface in pPROM and sPTL placentas.

Peliosis hepatis and hepatic fibrosis in a dog infected with multiple species.

A 13-y-old, spayed female dog had regenerative anemia, lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and elevated hepatic biochemical parameters. Liver biopsy revealed hepatic peliosis (hepatic sinusoidal angiectasis), frequently associated with perisinusoidal fibrosis. The dog was seroreactive to antigens by indirect fluorescent antibody assays, and quantitative PCR from blood identified subsp.

Global Hotspots and Trends of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Therapy: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2004 and 2023.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common complication of diabetes, associated with increased rates of amputation and mortality. In recent years, great progress has been made in the treatment of DFU, but there is still a lack of bibliometric research on the treatment of DFU.DFU therapy publications published between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database for analysis using VOSviewer and CiteSpace analytics.

Lung cancer mortality among aircraft manufacturing workers with long-term, low-level, hexavalent chromium exposure.

Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) is known to cause lung cancer among workers exposed to high concentrations in certain historical industries. It is also a toxic air contaminant considered to pose a potentially significant cancer risk at comparatively low concentrations in urban air. However, very limited data currently exist to quantify risk at low-concentration occupational or environmental exposures.

Sex-specific trends in educational attainment and self-rated health, 1972-2018.

This study examines sex-specific trends in self-rated health and educational attainment in the United States. We also consider how educational improvements shape trends in self-rated health and whether these associations differ by sex. We draw on 1972-2018 General Social Survey data to extend past research through the recent period when American population health has stalled or declined.

The genus in Benin, with the description of , sp. nov.

Intensive mycological surveys in southern Benin focused on species of (Pleosporales) resulted in the collection and sequencing of numerous specimens on dead plant debris of different hosts. Majority of the collections belonged to the monomorphic species , except for two specimens of a hitherto unknown species, which is introduced as . The fungus was collected on dead twig of still attached to the tree and dead peduncle of .

Frequent Shifts During Chronic Jet Lag Uncouple Liver Rhythms From the Light Cycle in Male Mice.

Circadian disruption is pervasive in modern society and associated with increased risk of disease. Chronic jet lag paradigms are popular experimental tools aiming to emulate human circadian disruption experienced during rotating and night shift work. Chronic jet lag induces metabolic phenotypes tied to liver and systemic functions, yet lack of a clear definition for how rhythmic physiology is impaired under these conditions hinders the ability to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms.

The Intersection of Heart Failure and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is highly prevalent among individuals with heart failure (HF), impacting 40-70% of patients and serving as a significant prognostic indicator. Linked with oxidative metabolism and myocardial cell damage, IDA exacerbates HF symptoms, including reduced exercise capacity, diminished quality of life, and heightened cardiovascular morbidity. This review explores the diagnosis, treatment, clinical outcomes, prognostic indicators, and forthcoming challenges associated with IDA in HF patients.

An organic electrochemical neuron for a neuromorphic perception system.

Human perception systems are highly refined, relying on an adaptive, plastic, and event-driven network of sensory neurons. Drawing inspiration from Nature, neuromorphic perception systems hold tremendous potential for efficient multisensory signal processing in the physical world; however, the development of an efficient artificial neuron with a widely calibratable spiking range and reduced footprint remains challenging. Here, we report an efficient organic electrochemical neuron (OECN) with reduced footprint (<37 mm) based on high-performance vertical OECT (vOECT) complementary circuitry enabled by an advanced n-type polymer for balanced p-/n-type vOECT performance.

"I'm Not Experienced … Please Send Advice": Teens Seeking Information and Advice About Sexual Behaviors on Reddit.

Teens commonly use the internet for seeking information about sex and sexual relationships, particularly in the absence of comprehensive sex education from offline sources. The social media platform, Reddit, has become a popular forum for teens seeking information about sex from peers, due to its culture of anonymity. To explore teens' use of Reddit for this purpose, we asked: We performed qualitative content analysis with secondary, publicly available social media posts ( = 180) from a large community on Reddit (r/teenrelationships) designed for teens to ask questions about relationships.

Metagenomics reveals spatial variation in cyanobacterial composition, function, and biosynthetic potential in the Winam Gulf, Lake Victoria, Kenya.

The Winam Gulf in the Kenyan region of Lake Victoria experiences prolific, year-round cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) which pose threats to human, livestock, and ecosystem health. To our knowledge, there is limited molecular research on the gulf's cyanoHABs, and thus, the strategies employed for survival and proliferation by toxigenic cyanobacteria in this region remain largely unexplored. Here, we used metagenomics to analyze the Winam Gulf's cyanobacterial composition, function, and biosynthetic potential.

Virtual Gram staining of label-free bacteria using dark-field microscopy and deep learning.

Gram staining has been a frequently used staining protocol in microbiology. It is vulnerable to staining artifacts due to, e.g.

Large stroke radially oriented MXene composite fiber tensile artificial muscles.

Actuation is normally dramatically enhanced by introducing so much yarn fiber twist that the fiber becomes fully coiled. In contrast, we found that usefully high muscle strokes and contractile work capacities can be obtained for non-twisted MXene (TiCT) fibers comprising MXene nanosheets that are stacked in the fiber direction. The MXene fiber artificial muscles are called MFAMs.

Developing Chemical Signatures for Categories of Household Consumer Products Using Suspect Screening Analysis.

Consumer products are a major source of chemicals that may pose a health risk. It is important to understand what chemicals are in these products to evaluate risk and assess new products for uncommon ingredients. Suspect screening analysis (SSA) using two-dimensional gas chromatography-high-resolution-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GCxGC-HR-TOF/MS) was applied to 92 consumer products from 5 categories.

Single-Cell Analysis in Cerebrovascular Research: Primed for Breakthroughs and Clinical Impact.

Data generated using single-cell RNA-sequencing has the potential to transform understanding of the cerebral circulation and advance clinical care. However, the high volume of data, sometimes generated and presented without proper pathophysiological context, can be difficult to interpret and integrate into current understanding of the cerebral circulation and its disorders. Furthermore, heterogeneity in the representation of brain regions and vascular segments makes it difficult to compare results across studies.