Medical mistrust and COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and behavior: Findings from a population-based cohort study in Michigan.

Background: Uptake of COVID-19 vaccines has stalled in the U.S. Some studies suggest that medical mistrust may be a barrier, but evidence is limited due to cross-sectional designs or convenience sampling.

Widespread geographic distribution of filarioid nematodes in caribou ( sspp.) in Canada.

The caribou ( sspp.) is a keystone wildlife species in northern ecosystems that plays a central role in the culture, spirituality and food security of Indigenous People. The Arctic is currently experiencing an unprecedented rate of climate change, including warming temperatures and altered patterns of precipitation.

TClC effectively suppresses the growth and metastasis of NSCLC via polypharmacology.

Despite significant advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to present a global health challenge, with a modest five-year survival rate of 28 %, largely due to the emergence of treatment-resistant and metastatic tumors. In response, we synthesized a novel bioactive compound, ethyl 6-chlorocoumarin-3-carboxylyl L-theanine (TClC), which significantly inhibited NSCLC growth, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion and tumor growth and metastasis without inducing toxicity. TClC disrupts autocrine loops that promote tumor progression, particularly in stem-like CD133-positive NSCLC (CD133+ LC) cells, which are pivotal in tumor metastasis.

Association Between Chronic Kidney Disease Risk Categories and Abdominal Aortic Calcification: Insights From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is a critical indicator of cardiovascular risk, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Traditional classification systems may underestimate the risk in those with moderate CKD. This study aimed to evaluate the association between CKD risk categories - defined by both estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria - and the prevalence of severe AAC.

Estimating the Risk of Cardiovascular Events in U.S. Veterans Using the SMART Risk Score.

Background: Estimation of long-term risk for cardiovascular events using the SMART (Secondary Manifestations of Arterial Disease) risk score can be potentially valuable in devising risk mitigation strategies.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to apply the SMART risk score to compute the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the U.S.

The Moderating Role of Educational Attainment in the Association between Social Support and Depressive Symptoms among African Americans.

General social support is commonly studied as a psychosocial resource that improves African Americans' well-being; we know less about how varied indicators of social support influence African Americans' depressive symptoms. Further, it is unclear how social support affects depressive symptoms differently when considering the moderating role of education. Using the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) (n = 3,278), we examined (1) the association between educational attainment and depressive symptoms, (2) the association between social support and depressive symptoms, and (3) whether education moderates the social support-depressive symptoms relationship among African Americans.

Particulate Cadmium Accumulation in the Mesopelagic Ocean.

Observations of dissolved cadmium (dCd) and phosphate (PO) suggest an unexplained loss of dCd to the particulate phase in tropical oxyclines. Here, we compile existing observations of particulate Cd and phosphorus (P), and present new data from the US GEOTRACES GP15 Pacific Meridional Transect to examine this phenomenon from a particulate Cd perspective. We use a simple algorithm to reproduce station depth profiles of particulate Cd and P via regeneration and possible subsurface accumulation.

Google Trends and Syphilis.

Objective: This study aims to assess the correlation between Centers for Disease Control-reported syphilis incidence rates and case burden and public interest in syphilis as indicated by Google search trends.

Methods: This study utilized Google Trends data to analyze popular syphilis-related search terms from 2013 to 2023. The latest Centers for Disease Control-reported syphilis incidence rates for 2022 were compared to Google Trends data to identify patterns or correlations.

Employer Perspective on Pain Fellowship Education: A Survey to Understand the Current State of Pain Medicine Training.

Background: Pain medicine care has expanded to encompass a wider range of conditions, necessitating updated education and training for pain specialists to utilize emerging technologies effectively. A national survey was conducted through several verified Pain organizations regarding pain physician employers' perspectives on pain medicine fellowship training and education. The survey aimed to gather insights from a diverse range of geographic locations, practice types (academic and private practice), and practice settings.

Quantitative and longitudinal assessment of human placental inflammation using diffusion basis spectrum imaging.

Besides exchanging nutrients, gases, and wastes, placenta is an intermediary between maternal and fetal immune systems. However, no method exists to safely image and monitor placental inflammation during pregnancy. We customized a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) method, diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI), to measure immune cells in placenta.

Configuring thermal ablation volumes for treatment of distinct tumor shapes: a repeatability study using a robotic approach.

Objectives: In the current clinical practice of thermal ablation treatment for liver tumors, achieving consistent and effective clinical outcomes across tumors of varying shapes, sizes and locations remains challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of a novel robotic approach for configurable ablation of distinct tumor shapes and compare it to the standard ablation technique for creating ellipsoidal ablation volumes.

Materials And Methods: The repeatability was evaluated in terms of width variability in created ablation volumes.

Inhibition of proteolytic and ATPase activities of the proteasome by the BTK inhibitor CGI-1746.

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, ibrutinib, has been shown to synergize with proteasome inhibitors (PIs) in reducing the viability of cells derived from B cell malignancies, but the mechanism is not known. We report here that an off-target effect of ibrutinib causes synergy because not all BTK inhibitors exhibited the synergistic effect, and those that synergized did so even in cells that do not express BTK. The allosteric BTK inhibitor CGI-1746 showed the strongest synergy.

Pharmaceuticals in the blubber of live free-swimming common bottlenose dolphins ().

Pharmaceuticals prevent and treat diseases, yet inappropriate intake can result in harmful effects including mortality. Contaminants have become recurrent public and wildlife health concerns. Bioaccumulation of contaminants can occur throughout trophic levels of the food web.

Heightened innate immune state induced by viral vector leads to enhanced response to challenge and prolongs malaria vaccine protection.

Cytomegalovirus is a promising vaccine vector; however, mechanisms promoting CD4 T cell responses to challenge, by CMV as a vector, are unknown. The ability of MCMV to prolong immunity generated by short-lived malaria vaccine was tested. MCMV provided non-specific protection to challenge with and increased interleukin-12 (IL-12) and CD8α dendritic cell (DC) numbers through prolonged MCMV-dependent interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production.

Perceptions of Crime Severity and Stigma Toward Family Members Grieving the Loss of a Person to Incarceration.

Family members of incarcerated persons may experience grief related to the incarceration. We examined laypeople's perceptions of family members grieving the loss of an individual to incarceration. Participants ( = 1,095) were randomized to read vignettes that varied by grief trajectory (prolonged vs.

A Case of Pseudohyponatremia in the Setting of Pegaspargase-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia in an Adult T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patient.

We present a rare case of pseudohyponatremia in a 20-year-old male patient with adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ATLL). The patient was admitted for a mediastinal mass with superior vena cava syndrome and was receiving pegaspargase therapy. The pseudohyponatremia was found to be secondary to hypertriglyceridemia associated with the pegaspargase treatment.

TraitTrainR: accelerating large-scale simulation under models of continuous trait evolution.

Motivation: The scale and scope of comparative trait data are expanding at unprecedented rates, and recent advances in evolutionary modeling and simulation sometimes struggle to match this pace. Well-organized and flexible applications for conducting large-scale simulations of evolution hold promise in this context for understanding models and more so our ability to confidently estimate them with real trait data sampled from nature.

Results: We introduce , an R package designed to facilitate efficient, large-scale simulations under complex models of continuous trait evolution.

Intraosseous basivertebral nerve ablation: A 5-year pooled analysis from three prospective clinical trials.

Background: Vertebrogenic pain is a documented source of anterior column chronic low back pain (CLBP) that stems from damaged vertebral endplates. Nociceptive signals are transmitted by the basivertebral nerve (BVN) and endplate damage is observed as Type 1 or Type 2 Modic changes (MC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The clinical impact and safety of intraosseous radiofrequency ablation of the BVN (BVNA) for the treatment of vertebrogenic pain has been demonstrated in three prospective clinical trials (two randomized and one single-arm study).

Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals Genetic Differences Between Symbiodiniaceae Populations Among Reproductively and Geographically Isolated Colonies in Western Australia.

Significant genetic differentiation between Symbiodiniaceae populations in coral hosts can be induced by a range of factors including geography, latitude, depth, temperature and light utilisation. The conventional method of measuring Symbiodiniaceae diversity involving the ITS2 region of rDNA has several limitations, stemming from insufficient genetic resolution and the multi-copy nature of the marker. This could be improved by using higher throughput whole genome sequencing to identify fine-scale population genetic differences and provide new insight into factors influencing coral-Symbiodiniaceae associations.

Evaluation and Treatment of Baseball Pitchers: There's More to Assess than the Arm.

Injuries are commonplace in the overhead athlete, with many occurring to the shoulder and elbow. The increasing prevalence of injuries to the shoulder and elbow has been discussed at length in recent years, with increased research focus being placed on arm care for rehabilitation and prevention strategies. Even though the pitching motion is well-established as a whole-body kinetic chain movement, most attention in rehabilitation and prevention efforts is often placed on the upper extremity.

Changing Treatment and Metastatic Disease Patterns in Patients with EGFR Mutated NSCLC: An Academic Thoracic Medical Investigator's Consortium Registry Analysis.

Introduction: Osimertinib is now a standard first-line (1L) therapy for EGFR-mutated (EGFRm) advanced NSCLC. We aimed to characterize patterns of therapy and longitudinal risk of brain and liver metastasis in a cohort of EGFRm NSCLC.

Methods: Patients with metastatic EGFRm NSCLC who received 1L systemic therapy at sites within the Academic Thoracic Medical Investigator's Consortium were included; demographic and clinical data including treatment patterns were described.

Structure-function coupling in network connectivity and associations with negative affectivity in a group of transdiagnostic adolescents.

The study of brain connectivity, both functional and structural, can inform us on the development of psychopathology. The use of multimodal MRI methods allows us to study associations between structural and functional connectivity, and how this relates to psychopathology. This may be especially useful during childhood and adolescence, a period where most forms of psychopathology manifest for the first time.

Curriculum as Change Agent: Promoting Inclusivity through an Advanced Feedback Curriculum.

Feedback curricula in medical education typically cover only the uncontextualized basics of feedback. We created a self-paced, online course that covered advanced feedback techniques with intentional inclusion of social dynamics that can influence feedback processes. Results revealed significant improvements in participant feedback orientation, feedback-seeking behaviors, and perceptions of feedback environment.